Buddhism and life

 佛教与人生

Dharma is transcendental and adapted to the world, so the Buddha said that he was admonishing the world to be filial and reverent, and to be loyal to his relatives. The Blessed One said in the Infinite Life Sutra: 'Father and son, brother and wife, relatives inside and outside the family, should respect and love each other, and should not hate and envy each other; There is no connection between the two, and there is no need to be greedy; Don't contradict each other. ' It was Master Taixu who advocated life Buddhism, and Master Yinguang, the 13th generation ancestor of Lianzong, earnestly told his disciples that they should learn Buddhism from the beginning. The master said: 'If you want to learn from Buddha, you must first learn from Dharma sages. If practice is defiled, ethics is often ill-behaved, and you are still a famous sinner, how can you be a Buddhist disciple? ' It can be seen that Buddhism attaches importance to ethics, which is the same as Confucianism.

The five Confucian ethics are called 'monarchs and ministers, fathers and sons, brothers, couples and friends.' It is nothing more than the relative relationship between people. Master Yinguang said in his book with Buddhist monk Ding Fubao: 'In order to learn Buddhism, we must be humane, so that we can have fun. Therefore, to be kind to the father and filial to the son, each order should do its part in humanity, and then cultivate the law of the world. ' He also said: 'Those who recite Buddhism must be filial to their parents, serve teachers, be merciful and not kill, and cultivate ten good deeds. He must also be kind to his father and filial to his son, respectful to his brothers and sisters, obedient to his husband and wife, benevolent to his master and loyal to his servants, and scrupulous to his own share. ' It is not the words of Yinguang Master who used Buddhist monks to pretend to be Confucian, but the words of Zhaozhao in the scriptures. This is the principle that Sakyamuni Buddha instructed his disciples to have in life more than two thousand years ago.

The most important thing in Buddhism is filial piety. In the Sutra of Good Life, Shizun tells us how to serve our parents when we are sons of man. In both cases, parents should be the first to do something. Third, what parents do is submissive. Fourth, parents are not afraid to disobey. Five, keep on doing what parents do. ' Shi Zun said in the Great Treasure Sutra: 'Parents are willing to have children born of Tetra Pak, so it is difficult to do and endure all unbearable things. We can tolerate all kinds of filth. Breast-feeding, no tiredness. ' The old man said in the 42nd chapter of the sutra, 'It is better to be filial to the second parent than to be human, heaven and earth, ghosts and gods!' Filial piety is the foundation of all ethics. If a person is unfilial to his relatives, he will also be disloyal to his country and unjust to his friends. An old Chinese saying goes, 'Seek loyal ministers at the door of filial piety.' It's very reasonable.

Children are parents, as mentioned above. How should parents treat their children? The Blessed One said in the Good Life Sutra: 'First, it is evil to make a son not listen. The second is to instruct them to do good. Third, love goes to the bone and marrow. Fourth, propose for your son. The fifth is to supply the demand at any time. ' Today's parents do more of the last three, and less of the first two. Otherwise, why are there so many young criminals in the streets?

In the same sutra, the Blessed One also indicated that couples, relatives and friends, and masters and servants treat each other. This copy is as follows for reference:

The husband said to his wife, 'One should treat each other with courtesy. The two are dignified and sacrilegious. The food and clothing of the three are available at any time. The four are solemn and timely. The five are entrusted to the family. ' The woman said to her husband, 'One starts first. Sit back. The three are in harmony. The four are respectful and obedient. The five are the same. ' The Blessed One said in the Sutra of Pure Practice that women should 'provide for their parents, serve their husbands, and look after their children.' This is similar to China's ancient motto of "three obediences" for women. This may arouse the opposition of women who call for the supremacy of women's rights, but the current social atmosphere is so bad. In so many personnel disputes, how many things do not involve women who do not obey women's ethics?

As for the treatment of relatives and friends, the scripture says: 'One gives. Both are good at speaking. The interests of the three parties. The four are mutually beneficial. Don't deceive the five. ' Relatives and friends should also respond: 'One is to protect and let go (dissuade them from taking the path of freedom). The other is to protect money and prevent it from wasting money due to immoral behavior. The three protect terror (support each other when they are in danger). The fourth is to teach and admonish others (to admonish others, but to act after others). The five often exclaim (praise the benefits of relatives and friends). '

The Lord said to the servant: 'One can do whatever he can. Both eat at any time. The three are ready to give thanks. Four diseases and medicine. The fifth is to indulge in leisure. ' The servant told the host: 'One gets up early. Both are meticulous. The three do not agree with each other. The fourth is the second. The five advocate the name. '

With the change of the times, the relationship between the principal and the servant is not as close as it was more than 2000 years ago. But in principle, it is still appropriate to treat each other in the above way between the boss and his friends, the housewife and the maid!

In addition to the ethical relationship, the Blessed One often teaches us to live within our means, increase income and reduce expenditure, keep clean and pay attention to hygiene. These are closely related to daily life. The Sutra of Good Health said, 'First learn the skills. And then get the fortune. ' Zaahan Sutra said: 'Start to learn craftsmanship and make it convenient to store property. If you have got the property, you should divide it into four parts: one is for your own consumption, and the other is for your own business; The rest is kept in secret to help the poor. ' In terms of medicine and health, the Blessed One warned us that diseases often arise from the following reasons: 'First, choose more food. 2、 Not close to medicine. 3、 Many worries. 4、 Joy and anger. 5、 Without compassion, we should treat the patient with anger. ' Avoid the above reasons and naturally reduce the number of patients. How to recuperate after illness? The Buddha said in the Five Dharma Sutras: 'First, the patient chooses to eat. 2、 Eat at any time. 3、 Get close to medicine. 4、 Don't worry. 5、 Take pity and look at the patient. '

We can see how simple and practical these scriptures are, and how hard they are to be written. The relationship between Buddhism and life, from the world law from individual to family, society and country. As for the four truths of the worldly Dharma, twelve karma, six degrees and ten thousand actions, as for becoming a Buddha, all are unprepared. With such a profound, comprehensive, broad and subtle magic method, how can we not convert ourselves to the Buddha?

佛法是超世间而又适应世间，所以世尊说法，在在训诫世人孝顺敬畏，养亲尽忠。世尊在无量寿经中说：‘父子兄弟夫妇，家室内外亲属，当相敬爱，无相憎嫉；有无相通，无得贪惜；言色常和，莫相违戾。’是以太虚大师倡导人生佛教，莲宗十三代祖印光大师谆谆告诫弟子学佛应自做人学起。大师云：‘欲学佛祖，须先取法圣贤。倘躬行有玷，伦常乖舛，尚为名教罪人，何能为佛弟子？’由此可见佛门重视伦常，与儒家无异。

儒家五伦，所谓‘君臣、父子、兄弟、夫妇、朋友。’无非是说明人与人之间的相对关系。印光大师在与丁福保居士书中云：‘学佛一事，原须克尽人道，方可趣向，良以佛教赅世出世间一切诸法。故于父言慈，于子言孝，各令尽其人道之分，然后修出世之法。’又说：‘念佛之人，必须孝养父母，奉事师长，慈心不杀，修十善业。又须父慈子孝，兄友弟恭，夫和妇顺，主仁仆忠，恪尽己份。’并不是印光大师以释门比丘故作儒家之言，而是昭昭载在经籍，这是释迦世尊在两千数百年前，指示弟子做人应具的准则。

佛门最重孝道，释尊在善生经中，告诉我们为人子者，应如何奉事父母，‘一者，能奉养使无乏。二者，凡有所为，先白父母。三者，父母所为，恭顺不逆。四者，父母正令不敢违背。五者，不断父母所为正业。’释尊在大宝积经中说：‘夫父母者，皆愿利乐所生子故，难作能作，能忍一切难忍之事。假令种种不净秽恶，皆能忍之。乳哺养育，无疲厌心。’故世尊于四十二章经中说：‘凡人事天地鬼神，不如孝其二亲，二亲最神也！’孝为一切伦理之本，一个人如果对亲不孝，其对国也必不忠，对友也必不义。我国古语：‘求忠臣于孝子之门。’实有至理。

子女事父母，已如前述。父母应如何对子女呢？世尊在善生经中说：‘一者，制子不听为恶。二者，指授示其善处。三者，慈爱入骨澈髓。四者，为子求婚娶。五者，随时供给所需。’今日的父母，做到后三条者多，做到前两条者少。不然，何至于太保太妹满街，少年罪犯日多呢？

世尊在同一经中，还指示出夫妇，亲友，主仆相待的情形，今抄录如下，以供参考：

夫对妇：‘一者相待以礼。二者威严不亵。三者衣食随时。四者庄严以时。五者委付家内。’妇对夫：‘一者先起。二者后坐。三者和言。四者敬顺。五者先意承旨。’世尊尚于净行法门经中说妇女应‘供养父母，奉事夫主，瞻事儿息。’这和我国对妇女的古训‘三从’相近。这样说，也许会引起高呼女权至上的妇女的反对，但目前社会风气如此败坏，在如是多的人事纠葛中，有几件不把不守妇道的妇女牵扯在内？

关于对待亲友者，经中说：‘一者给施。二者善言。三者利益。四者同利。五者不欺。’亲友应还报以：‘一者护放逸（劝阻其不可走上放逸之途）。二者护放逸失财（劝阻其不可因邪荡行为而耗财）。三者护恐怖（在其危急时相扶持）。四者屏相教诫（劝善规过，但于人后行之）。五者常相称叹（赞扬亲友的好处）。’

主对佣者：‘一者随能使役。二者饮食随时。三者赐劳随时。四者病与医药。五者纵其休暇。’佣报主者：‘一者早起。二者为事周密。三者不与不取。四者作务以次。五者称扬主名。’

时代背景变迁，主佣关系已不若两千余年前之密切。但在原则上说：老板与伙友，主妇与下女之间，仍适宜用上述办法相待也！

除伦常关系外，世尊常教我们量入为出，开源节流，整齐清洁，注重卫生。这些，在在都是与日常生活有著密切的关系。善生经说：‘先当习技艺。然后获财业。’杂阿含经说：‘始学工巧业，方便积财物。得彼财物已，当应作四分：一分自食用，二分业生业；余一分密藏，以济于贫乏。’关于医药卫生方面，世尊告诫我们疾病常由下列原因而起：‘一、择余食。二、不亲近医药。三、多忧。四、喜嗔。五、不起慈心，向嗔病人。’避免上述的原因，自然少罹病患。患病后应如何调养呢？世尊于五法经中说：‘一、病人选择而食。二、随时而食。三、亲近医药。四、不怀愁忧。五、咸起慈心，向瞻病人。’

我们看这些经文，是何等平易，何等切实，而字字都是千古不易的真理。佛法与人生的关系，自世间法由个人至家庭，社会，国家。以至出世间法说四谛，十二因缘，六度万行至于成佛，无一不备。而对著如此高深圆融，博大精微的妙法，如何不使我们五体投地，向佛皈依呢？

 (This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

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