Mount Putuo, one of the four famous Buddhist mountains in China 

普陀山

——中国佛教四大名山之一

Mount Putuo is one of the four famous Buddhist mountains in China, and also a famous island scenic resort. Such a beautiful island with so many cultural relics is unique in China. Mount Putuo, located about 100 nautical miles east of Hangzhou Bay in Zhejiang Province, is an island in the Zhoushan Islands. The island covers an area of 12 square kilometers and is in a narrow shape, with the longest length of 8.6 kilometers from the north to the south and the widest width of 3.5 kilometers from the east to the west. The highest point is Foding Mountain, about 300 meters above sea level.

Mount Putuo is the holy place where Guanyin Bodhisattva manifests. According to Buddhist historical records, during the middle age of the Tang Dynasty (847-859), an eminent Indian monk came here to pay homage, saw the Avalokitesvara Avalokitesvara and gave him seven-color gemstones, so it was called the "Holy Land of Avalokitesvara". In 858, the Japanese monk Huixing (Huie) invited the Avalokitesvara from Mount Wutai. When he returned home, he passed through Putuo. Several times he wanted to sail eastward by boat, which was blocked by the waves. The boat could not sail. Therefore, the statue of "not willing to go to the Avalokitesvara" was built at the seaside in the south corner of the east of Putuo. Since then, Mount Putuo has become the ashram of Guanyin Bodhisattva and started to build a Buddhist temple. Since then, it has been built in all dynasties. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, in addition to the three major temples, there were more than 70 nunneries and many thatched tents on Mount Putuo, which is known as the "Buddha Kingdom on the Sea and the Sky".

Mount Putuo not only wins by the magnificent sea and sky, but also by the profound mountains and forests. Climbing the mountain and looking out at the blue sea, the islands float on the sea, and the white sails are driving in it. The scenery is very moving. Predecessors have made such a high evaluation of Putuo Mountain: "If you win the mountain and the lake, you will push the West Lake; if you win the mountain and the sea, you will push Putuo." Comparing Putuo with the West Lake, a paradise on earth, it should be said that this evaluation is objective.

There are many scenic spots and tourist spots in Putuo Mountain, mainly including Puji, Fayu and Huiji, which are the largest of the more than 20 temples and nunneries preserved today. In addition, there are more than 30 famous temples, such as Purple Bamboo Forest and Refusal to Go to Guanyin Temple, and there is a Buddhist Academy. Three major temples:

Puji Temple

Puji Temple is located at the foot of Lingjiu Peak in the south of Baihuading, also known as the former temple. It was expanded from "not willing to go to the Guanyin Temple" to the temple. It has been renamed "Wutai Yuanguang Temple" and "Baotuo Guanyin Temple". In the Ming Dynasty, the imperial court allocated funds for the construction of the Putuo Buddhist Temple, which was granted the amount of "protecting the country for a long life". In the Qing Dynasty, the imperial court gave money to rebuild the temple, and granted the amount of "Puji Qun Ling", which was later called the Puji Zen Academy. Puji Temple is the largest temple in Putuo Mountain, with a building area of about 11400 square meters. Its main buildings include the Heavenly King Hall, the Great Yuantong Hall, the Galan Hall, the Ancestor Hall, the Sutra Pavilion, the Eastern and Western Arhat Hall, the Dharma Hall, the Eastern and Western Zen Hall, the Guest Hall, the Yunshui Hall, the Baiyun Tower, the Deyue Tower, the Xiangji Tower, and so on. In 1983, Puji Temple was designated as the national key temple in the Han nationality region.

Fayu Temple

Fayu Temple is located at the foot of Guangxi Peak on the left of Baihuading. In front of the temple is the Haihui Bridge. It is the second largest temple on Mount Putuo and is known as the Back Temple. It covers an area of 33300 square meters and a building area of 8800 square meters. The whole temple is hidden in towering ancient trees. In the eighth year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1580), the Macheng monk Dazhi came to Putuo from Western Shu to worship the Buddha, and built a thatched house here to live, named "Haichao Nunnery". Later, it was changed to "Haichao Temple". In the 34th year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1606), the imperial court granted the name of "Huguo Zhenhai Zen Temple". In the 38th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1699), it was renamed "Fayu Temple" and has been used since. The main buildings of Fayu Temple are the Heavenly King Hall, the Jade Buddha Hall, the Kowloon Guanyin Hall, the Imperial Stele Hall, the Mahavira Hall, the Abbot Hall, etc. There is also a nursing home in the temple, where the elderly monks take care of themselves. In 1983, Fayu Temple was designated as the national key temple in the Han nationality region.

Ji Hui Temple

Huiji Temple is located on the right side of Baihuading, also known as Fodingshan Temple. It is the third largest temple in Putuo Mountain and the highest temple in the mountain, with an altitude of nearly 300 meters. It was originally named Huiji Temple and was founded in the early Ming Dynasty. In the fifty-eighth year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1793), the monastery was expanded into a temple, named Huiji. The whole temple consists of Tianwang Hall, Mahavira Hall, Jade Emperor Hall, Great Compassion Hall, Sutra Pavilion and other buildings. In 1983, Huiji Temple was designated as a national key temple in the Han nationality region.

普陀山是我国四大佛教名山之一，同时也是著名的海岛风景旅游胜地。如此美丽，又有如此众多文物古迹的小岛，在我国可以说是绝无仅有。普陀山位于浙江省杭州湾以东约100海里，是舟山群岛中的一个小岛。全岛面积12平方公里，呈狭长形，南北最长处为8.6里，东西最宽外3.5公里。最高处佛顶山，海拔约300米。 
    
　　普陀山是观音菩萨显身的圣地。据佛教史籍记载，唐代大中年间(847—859)一位印度高僧来此参拜，亲眼看到观音菩萨现身说法，并且授以七色宝石，所以称这里为"观音显圣地"。858年，日本僧人惠萼(一作慧锷)从五台山请得观音像，回国时途经普陀，几次欲乘舟东渡，都为海浪所阻，船无法航行。于是，就在普陀山东南角海边建起"不肯去观音院"供奉该像。自此，普陀山成为观音菩萨的道场，开始创建佛寺。此后历代皆有兴建。清朝末年，普陀山除建有三大寺外，还有七十多庵和许多茅蓬，世称"海天佛国" 。 
    
　　普陀山既以海天壮阔取胜，又以山林深邃见长。登山揽胜，眺望碧海，一座座海岛浮在海面上，点点白帆行驶其间，景色极为动人。前人对普陀山作了这样高的评价：“以山而兼湖之胜，则推西湖；以山而兼海之胜，当推普陀。”把普陀与人间天堂西湖相比，应该说，这个评语是客观的。
    
　　普陀山的风景名胜、游览点很多，主要有：普济、法雨、慧济三大寺，这是现今保存的二十多所寺庵中最大的,除此之外，还有紫竹林、不肯去观音院等三十几座著名寺院，并办有佛学院一所。主要的三大寺：  
    
　　普济寺
    
　　普济寺位于白华顶南灵鹫峰下，也称为前寺，是由"不肯去观音院"扩大为寺迁到此处的。先后改名为"五台圆光寺"、"宝陀观音寺"。明代，朝廷曾拨款修建，赐额"护国永寿普陀禅寺"。清代，朝廷又赐金重修，并赐额"普济群灵"，从此以后就称为普济禅院。普济寺是普陀山最大的寺院，建筑面积约一万一千四百平方米，主要建筑有天王殿、大圆通殿、伽蓝殿、祖师殿、藏经阁、东西罗汉堂、法堂、东西禅堂、客堂、云水堂、白云楼、得月楼、香积楼等。1983年，普济寺被定为汉族地区全国重点寺院。  
    
　　法雨寺
    
　　法雨寺位于白华顶左光熙峰下，寺的前面有海会桥，是普陀山第二大寺院，世称后寺。占地33300平方米，建筑面积8800平方米。全寺掩映在参天古木之中，明朝万历八年(1580)麻城僧大智从西蜀来普陀朝礼佛法，在此盖茅屋居住，起名为"海潮庵"。后曾经改为"海潮寺"。明朝万历三十四年(1606)朝廷赐名为"护国镇海禅寺"。清康熙三十八年(1699)改称"法雨禅寺"，延用至今。法雨寺主要建筑为天王殿、玉佛殿、九龙观音殿、御碑殿、大雄宝殿、方丈殿等。寺内还建有安养院，老年僧人在此颐养天年。1983 年，法雨寺被定为汉族地区全国重点寺院。  
    
　　慧济寺
    
　　慧济寺位于白华顶右侧，也称佛顶山寺，是普陀山第三大寺院，也是全山地理位置最高的寺院，海拔近300米。初名慧济庵，创建于明朝初年。清朝乾隆五十八年(1793)扩庵为寺，取名为慧济。全寺由天王殿、大雄殿、玉皇殿、大悲殿、藏经楼等建筑组成。1983 年，慧济寺被定为汉族地区全国重点寺院。

 (This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

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