Interpretation of the 47th Dongyi in Zhuge Liang's Art of War

Dongyi Forty-seventh

——Wait for internal disharmony and attack

The nature of the Dongyi people is that they are not polite and have little righteousness. They can fight against each other in a hurry. There is no way to achieve harmony between the upper and lower levels, and the people are happy. If you move up and down in disorder, you can move between lines. If you move up and down, you can create gaps between lines. If you move up and down, you can create gaps between lines. If you move up and down, you can create gaps between lines. If you move up and down, you can create gaps between lines.

translation

The uncivilized ethnic minorities like Dongyi, who do not abide by etiquette and justice, are brave and fierce, and are good at fighting. They are close to the mountains and the sea, and have a strong ability of self-protection and external defense by virtue of the dangerous terrain. It is impossible to defeat them quickly because of the internal harmony between the top and the bottom, and the people are happy to work and live in peace. If, after the signs of discord between the top and the bottom appear within them, we use the method of separation to expand the contradictions within their upper ranks, make them chaotic, make the people abandon them, and cause sharp conflicts, then appease and appease them with the theory of benevolence and morality, and cooperate with a strong military attack, we can achieve complete victory.

analysis

This article clearly points out the characteristics of ethnic minorities in the east. It highlights the two characteristics of "fierce and quick to fight" and "self-strengthening by risk", and puts forward countermeasures: when they "live in harmony and the people are happy", "there is no way"; When they "go up and down", they can be disintegrated, appeased by virtue and attacked by strong forces, and then they can be subdued.

Extension example

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty subdued the Huns

The main foreign invasion of the Han Dynasty was the Huns. How to subdue the Huns was related to the safety of the Han Dynasty. Therefore, the Han Dynasty adopted a diplomatic policy of communicating with the Western Regions and isolating the Huns. In 138 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty offered a reward to recruit people to serve as an envoy to the Da Yue family in order to attack the Huns. Zhang Qian applied. On his way to Chang'an, Zhang Sai was captured twice by the Huns and returned to Chang'an in 126 BC for 12 years. This mission was difficult and bumpy and failed to achieve its goal. But we have collected valuable first-hand materials about the Western Regions. In 119 BC, the Han Dynasty marched into Mobei, and the Huns fled to the north to compete with the Han Dynasty through Mount Altai. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was determined to pass through the Western Regions and isolate the Huns, and then sent Zhang Qian to lead Pang's delegation to the Western Regions to establish diplomatic relations with Wusun, Dawan, Yueshi, and Kangju, and sent envoys to each other. In order to prevent Han from connecting to the Western Regions, the Huns stepped up their control of Loulan and Cheshi, the main road between the Western Regions and Han. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent troops to capture King Loulan, a car wrecker. Make Bird Sun separate from the Huns and allied with the Han Dynasty. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ban Chao joined the army with his pen, and served as an envoy in the Western Regions for 31 years. With the help of the troops of the Western Regions and the grain of the Western Regions, he controlled the changes in the Western Regions, subdued the Huns, and made more than 50 countries in the Western Regions subordinate to the Han Dynasty.

 解读《诸葛亮兵法.将苑》 东夷第四十七

东夷第四十七

——待内失和而击之

  东夷之性，薄礼少义，捍急能斗，仪山堑海，凭险自固。上下和睦，百姓安乐，未可图也。若上乱下离，则可以行间，间起则隙生，隙生则修德以来之，固甲兵而击之，其势必克也。

译文

　　东夷这样不开化的少数民族，不守礼义，勇猛强悍，凶狠善战，他们依山傍海，凭借险要的地形，有较强的自我保护、对外防御的能力。其内部上下和睦，百姓乐业安居，不可能很快地战胜他们。如果在他们内部出现了上下不合的兆头后，用离间的办法，扩大他们上层内部的矛盾，使之混乱，使百姓背弃他们，造成尖锐的冲突，然后用仁义、道德的理论安抚、招抚他们，并配合以强有力的军事进攻，就可以取得彻底的胜利。

　　解析

　　本篇文章明确指明了东面少数民族的特征。突出了“悍急能斗”和“凭险自固”两个特征，从而提出了对策：当他们“上下和睦，百姓安乐”时，“未可图也”；待他们“上乱下离”时，可对他们分化瓦解，用德政招抚，以强兵进攻，才能收伏他们。

　　拓例

　　汉武帝治服匈奴
　　汉朝的主要外患是匈奴，如何制服匈奴，关系到汉朝的安危。因而，汉朝在外交上采取了沟通西域，孤立匈奴的政策。公元前１３８年，汉武帝为夹击匈奴，悬赏募人出使大月氏，张骞应征。张赛出使途中，两度被匈奴俘虏，于公元前１２６年回长安，历时１２年。这次出使，艰难坎坷，未达目的。但收集了有关西域的十分宝贵的第一手材料。公元前１１９年，汉朝进军漠北，匈奴北遁，借阿尔泰山与汉抗衡。汉武帝决心通西域而孤立匈奴，再派张骞率庞大使团赴西域，先后同乌孙、大宛、月氏、康居诸国建立外交关系，互派使节。匈奴为了阻止汉通西域，加紧控制西域通汉之要道楼兰和车师。汉武帝派兵俘楼兰王，破车师。使鸟孙脱离匈奴，与汉联盟。到了东汉，班超投笔从戎，出使西域３１年，借西域之兵，用西域之粮，制西域之变，折服匈奴，使西域５０余国隶属汉朝。

(This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

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