Interpretation of the twenty-second chapter of the machine form in Zhuge Liang's Art of War. General Yuan

Machine shape No. 22

——Follow the circumstances and defeat the enemy

Zhuge Changqing

Cultivate one's moral integrity, unify one's family, govern the country, and level the world

China · Winners Club http://q.blog.sina.com.cn/chgyzh

The oriental dragon gallops around the world!

If a man uses foolishness to overcome wisdom, he will be rebellious; Use wisdom to overcome foolishness and be obedient; Use wisdom to overcome wisdom. There are three ways: first, things, second, potential, and third, emotion. It is not wise to do things without response; It is not a wise man who can't control the power of power; It is not brave to have an opportunity to act. Those who are good at will win by chance.

translation

It is against common sense that stupid people can defeat intelligent people; It is a logical necessity that a wise man can defeat a foolish man; And smart people fight together, it all depends on how to master the fighter. There are three key points to master the fighter plane: first, the incident plane, second, the potential plane, and third, the situation plane. When the event has occurred, which is beneficial to oneself and not beneficial to the enemy, it is not smart to not respond accordingly; When the situation changes, which is beneficial to oneself but not to the enemy, it is not enough to find a way to overcome the enemy, nor is it qualified for a wise man; When the whole situation is clearly beneficial to our own side, it is not brave to take decisive action. Therefore, the generals who are good at commanding the army must grasp the opportunity to win according to the change of the situation, that is, to win according to the opportunity.

analysis

This article discusses the strategic thinking of military use and stresses the "victory depends on the opportunity", that is, to adapt to the situation, grasp the opportunity, so as to defeat the enemy and win. This is the strategic accomplishment of the general. In the war, the situation is changing rapidly. If the general in command of the whole army cannot assess the situation, capture the aircraft and use the force in time, the consequences can be imagined. There are brave and resourceless generals who only know that reckless generals are stupid generals.

Extension example

The defeated army pursues the enemy and wins in the plan

Cao Cao attacked Zhang Xiu, but suddenly led his troops to retreat one day. Zhang Xiu was overjoyed and led his troops to pursue Cao Cao. The counselor Jia Xu said to Zhang Xiu, "Don't chase. If you chase, you will lose." Zhang Xiu did not listen to Jia Xu's opinion, and led the troops forward to fight Cao Cao. The result was a big defeat.

Jia Xu saw that Zhang Xiu came back from the defeat, and immediately said to Zhang Xiu, "Hurry to pursue again, and fight again, and we will win." Zhang Xiu pleaded, "We didn't use your opinion before, so we have reached this point. Now we have failed, how can we pursue again?" Jia Xu said, "The battle situation has changed, and we can win if we hurry to pursue." Zhang Xiu listened to Jia Yi's opinion, and quickly gathered the defeated soldiers to pursue, He fought with Cao's army and returned home.

Although Zhang Xiu won the battle, she couldn't explain it, He asked Jia Xu, "I will chase the retreating Cao army with the best troops first, and you said that I will lose. After my defeat, I will attack the Cao army that has just won the battle with the best troops, and you said that I will win. The fact is exactly like what you predicted. Why will the best troops fail and the defeated troops win?" Jia Xu said: "It's easy to understand. Although you are good at using troops, you are not Cao Cao's opponent. When Cao Cao just retreats, he must personally hold the battle line. Although our pursuit is elite, it is not their opponent, so I know that our army will be defeated. Cao Cao did not make any mistakes when attacking you before, but suddenly withdrew. It must be something happened in China. Now that Cao Cao has defeated your pursuit, it must be light and fast forward, even if there are some left The generals are behind you, and those generals are not your opponents. Therefore, you will win even if you fight with defeat. " Zhang Xiu was very convinced.

 解读《诸葛亮兵法.将苑》 机形第二十二

机形第二十二

——随机应变，克敌制胜

诸葛长青

修身、齐家、治国、平天下

中国·成功者俱乐部http://q.blog.sina.com.cn/chgyzh

 东方巨龙 天下驰骋！

   夫以愚克智，逆也；以智克愚，顺也；以智克智，机也。其道有三：一曰事，二曰势，三曰情。事机作而不能应，非智也；势机动而不能制，非贤也；情机发而不能行，非勇也。善将者，必因机而立胜。

译文

　　大凡愚笨的人能够战胜聪明的人，是违反常理的偶然事件；聪明的人能够战胜愚笨的人，是合乎常理的必然事情；而聪明的人在一起交战，就全看掌握战机如何了。掌握战机的关键有三点：一是事机，二是势机，三是情机，当事情已经发生，有利于己而不利于敌时，不能作出相应的反应，不能算是聪明；当形势发生变化，有利于己而不利于敌时，去不能拿出克敌制胜的办法，也不够贤者的资格；当整个态势已经很明确对己方有利时，却不能断然采取行动，这也不能算是勇敢。所以，善于指挥军队的将领，一定要根据情况的变化，掌握时机取得胜利，即因机立胜。

　　解析

　　本篇文章论述了用兵的战略思想，讲究一个“因机而立胜”，也就是顺应形势，把握战机，从而克敌致胜。这是为将之人应有的战略素养。战争中，情况瞬息万变，指挥全军的将领，如不能审时度势，捕捉战机，及时用兵，后果可想而知。有勇无谋，只知蛮干的将领是愚蠢的将领，没有不失败的。

　　拓例

　　败兵追敌胜在谋
　　曹操征伐张绣，势在必得，可是一天突然率兵撤退。张绣大喜，亲自带兵追击曹操。谋士贾诩对张绣说：“不要去追，追的话肯定要吃败仗。”张绣不听贾诩的意见，领兵前进与曹操交战，结果大败而归。
　　贾诩见张绣吃了败仗回来，马上对张绣说：“赶快再去追击，再次交战必定能够取得胜利。”张绣推托说：“先前没有采用您的意见，以至于到这种地步。如今已经失败，怎么又要追呢？”贾诩说：“战斗形势起了变化，赶紧追击必能得胜。”张绣听从了贾翊的意见，连忙聚集败兵前去追击，与曹军大战了一场，果然得胜而归。
　　张绣虽然打了胜仗，却不得其解，他问贾诩：“我先用精兵追赶撤退的曹军，而您说肯定要失败；我败退后用败兵去袭击刚打了胜仗的曹军，而您说必定取胜。事实完全像您所预言的，为什么会精兵失败、败兵得胜呢？”贾诩说：“这好理解，您虽然善于用兵，却不是曹操的对手，曹军刚撤退时，曹操必须亲自压阵；我们追兵虽然精锐，但不是他们的对手，因此我知道我军必败。曹操先前在进攻您的时候没有发生任何差错，却突然退兵了，肯定是国内发生了什么事。曹操现已打败您的追兵，必然是轻装快速前进，即使留下一些将领在后面掩护，那些将领出也不是您的对手，因此，您虽用败兵而打起来必定得胜。”张绣听了表示十分信服。

(This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

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