Interpretation of the 17th alert in Zhuge Liang's Art of War. General Court

The 17th alert

——Be prepared

Don't be on guard before your country. If you miss a stone, you will be as far away as a thousand miles away. You will be defeated by the enemy! Therefore, when there is adversity, the monarch and the minister must eat and plan for it, and choose the right person to do it. If you live in peace and don't think of danger, and if you arrive without fear, this is called Yan Nest on the screen, fish swim in the tripod, and die before it's too late. The legend said, "If you are unprepared, you can't learn." He said, "If you are unprepared, you can't learn." He also said, "If you are unprepared, you can't learn. You can't rely on it.". So he said: Be prepared. Therefore, the three armies should not go unprepared.

Ng â n: It's late in the evening; The scorpion is a kind of poisonous insect

translation

The most important thing of the country is national defense. A slight deviation in the issue of national defense will lead to the demise of the country and the ruin of the country. This is the most terrible thing! Therefore, once the country is in danger, the monarch and his ministers should work together, forget to eat and sleep, and work together to plan, select competent people as generals, and command the three armies to meet the enemy. If you can't be prepared for danger in peace, even if the enemy has hit home, you can't be alert, just like the swallow's nest built on the curtain of the door, the fish game in the boiling pot, and the day of death is not far away. "Zuo Zhuan" said: "If you have no plans for things and are not prepared to make no mistakes, you cannot send troops!" Good governance was advocated in ancient times. He also said: "Small insects such as bees and scorpions use venomous stings as defense tools, let alone a huge country." If a country neglects national defense construction, even millions of people are not terrible, so it means to be prepared. It can be seen that the officers and men of the three armies must be prepared before going out.

analysis

This article discusses the issue of a country's constant preparedness, and points out that a country's primary task is nothing more important than defense. The article discusses the importance of strengthening defense in many aspects, and draws the conclusion of "being prepared". This is true for a country and for an army. The article emphasizes that: "The three armed forces should not go unprepared." From the detailed discussion in the full text, it is not difficult to understand that the way to use troops in a country is not to use troops to fight, but the most important thing is the daily defense, which is the fundamental to ensure national security. The article uses an image metaphor to make the problem very prominent and thorough: "If you can't be prepared for danger in peace, and the enemy doesn't know how to be vigilant when it comes, it is like a swallow building its nest on the door curtain, fish swimming in the pot, and the day of death is only in the twinkling of an eye!" Think about Zhuge Liang's aphorism, and you should understand it without saying more.

Extension example

Wei Jiang

During the Spring and Autumn Period, one year the State of Zheng attacked the State of Song, which caused dissatisfaction among the eleven countries in the Central Plains. They jointly sent troops to support the State of Song and defeated the State of Zheng. The State of Chu took advantage of the fire and sent troops to force the State of Zheng to surrender to him. Zheng had no choice but to agree. In this way, the twelve countries, Qi and Wei, led by the State of Jin, were dissatisfied. They jointly discussed Zheng. Zheng was unable to resist and had to ask for peace talks with the State of Jin. In order to please the State of Jin, Zheng sent a large number of gifts. Musicians, singers, musical instruments, military vehicles, and the Duke of mourning of Jin accepted the gifts and were elated. When several singers were presented to the meritorious minister Wei Jiang, he kindly said, "You have been planning for me for many years, and everything has gone smoothly. Although you and I are monarchs and ministers, we are in tune like music. Now Zheng sent the gifts, let's enjoy them together!"

Wei Jiang politely declined the gift from the monarch, and advised him: "The security of the Jin State and the clearness of the imperial government owe the first line to your ability, and the second is the concerted efforts of the ministers. I am personally meritorious. How can I deserve to be rewarded without merit? I remind you that while enjoying a happy life, do not forget that the country still has many things to do. Be prepared for danger in times of peace, and be prepared for danger..."

 解读《诸葛亮兵法.将苑》戒备第十七

戒备第十七

——有备无患

诸葛长青

修身、齐家、治国、平天下

中国·成功者俱乐部http://q.blog.sina.com.cn/chgyzh

 东方巨龙 天下驰骋！

 夫国之大务，莫先于戒备。若夫失之毫厘，则差若千里，覆军杀将，势不逾息，可不惧哉！故有患难，君臣旰食而谋之，择贤而任之。若乃居安而不思危，寇至而不知惧，此谓燕巢于幕，鱼游于鼎，亡不俟夕矣。传曰：“不备不虞，不可以师。”又曰：“预备无虞，古之善政。”又曰：“蜂虿尚有毒，而况国乎？”无备，虽众不可恃也。故曰：有备无患。故三军之行，不可无备也。

旰gân：天色晚，晚上； 虿chai:蝎子一类有毒的虫子

译文

　　国家最重要的事务是国防，在国防的问题上稍有偏差，就会导致国家的灭亡，使全国覆没，无可挽回，这是最可怕的事情啊！所以，一旦国家出现了危难，君臣应齐心一致，废寝忘食，共同谋策，挑选有本领的人担任将帅，指挥三军应敌。如果不能居安思危，就是敌人已打到了家里也不能警觉，如同燕子的窝巢搭筑在门帘上，鱼儿游戏在沸鼎里，灭亡的日子已经不远了。《左传》说：对事物没有计划，不准备到毫无差错的地步，不能出兵！”居安思危，妥善安排，防止可能出现的灾难，这是古代推崇的善政”。还说： “象蜜蜂和蝎子一类的小昆虫都以毒刺作为防御的工具，更何况是一个庞大的国家呢？”如果一个国家忽视了国防建设，即使有百万之众也不可怕，所以说有备无患，就是这个意思。可见，三军将士在出征之前，一定要做好准备。

　　解析

　　本篇文章论述的是一个国家常备不懈的问题，指出一个国家的首要任务，没有比防务更重要的。文章多方面论述了加强防务的重要，得出“有备无患”的结论。一个国家如此，一支军队同样如此，文章强调指出：“三军之行，不可无备。”由全文的详尽论述，不难了解，一个国家的用兵之道，不在于用兵打仗，最重要的在于日常的防备，这是保证国家安全的根本。文章用了一个形象的比喻，把问题论述得十分突出而透彻：“如果不能居安思危，敌人来了还不知警惕，那就犹如燕子把窝筑在门帘上，鱼在锅里游，灭亡的日子只在旦夕之间了！”好好想想诸葛亮这个警句，不必多说，就该明白了。

　　拓例

　　魏绛(jiang)居安思危
　　春秋时期，有一年郑国由于攻打宋国而引起中原十一个国家的不满，他们联合出兵支援宋国，把郑国打得一败涂地。楚国趁火打劫，又出兵逼迫郑国向他投降。郑国无奈只得应允。这样一来又引起以晋国为首的齐、卫等十二国的不满，它们联合讨郑，郑国无力抵抗，只好请求与晋国和谈。郑国为了讨好晋国，送去大批礼物，有技艺超群的乐师、歌女、乐器、兵车、晋悼公收下礼物，心花怒放，当即将几名歌女赠送给有功之臣魏绛，并且亲切地说：“你为我筹划多年，样样事情都办得很顺利，你我之间虽为君臣，但象音乐一样合拍。现在郑国送来了礼物，咱俩一块享用吧！”
　　魏绛婉言谢绝了国君的分赠，并且规劝说：“晋国所以安全，朝政所以清明，首行归功于您的才能，其次是大臣们的同心同德、一致努力，我个人是无功可言的。无功受禄我怎么敢当呢？我提醒您注意，在享受安乐生活的时候不要忘记国家还有许多事情要做。居安思危，思则有备，有备无患呀……”

(This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

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