Interpretation of "Zhuge Liang's Art of War. General Court" will strengthen the 11th

Will be the 11th

——In order to eliminate the "eight evils"

Zhuge Changqing

There will be five strong and eight evil. High integrity can enforce the customs, filial piety can promote the reputation, faithfulness can make friends, meditation can accommodate people, and hard work can make contributions. This is also the top five. Planning can't predict right and wrong, etiquette can't be virtuous, politics can't correct the criminal law, wealth can't help the poor, wisdom can't be prepared for unformed, consideration can't be subtle, reach can't be known, defeat can't be without complaint and slander, this is the eight evils.

translation

The general's moral cultivation standard is five strong and eight evil. The five strong points refer to the five necessary virtues: integrity can encourage the common customs, friendship and filial piety can be famous in the world, faithfulness and loyalty can obtain friendship, thoughtful and careful consideration can tolerate others, and personal practice can make contributions. The eight evils are eight defects in virtue: they are resourceful, but they cannot distinguish right from wrong, they cannot respect the virtuous, they cannot appoint virtuous people, they cannot follow the law when they govern, they cannot guide social customs, they cannot give generously, they cannot relieve the poor, they cannot prevent from burning, they are not intelligent, they cannot think deeply, they cannot prevent from fading, they cannot recommend the wise people they know when they are famous, and they cannot recommend the wise people when they are defeated, Take full responsibility without complaint.

analysis

This article discusses the cultivation of generals. But the emphasis is on the moral quality of the general. The article discusses from both positive and negative sides, and puts forward the moral quality and the cultivation of a general. Zhuge Liang first put forward the "five strong" from the positive side, that is, high integrity, filial piety, faithfulness, consideration, and strength, which is consistent with the wisdom, benevolence, courage, trust, and strictness advocated by Sun Tzu. Of course, different societies can endow these five aspects with different connotations, which cannot be completely copied today. However, it is always correct to standardize people's moral quality from these five aspects. Especially those who shoulder heavy responsibilities should regulate themselves in these five aspects.

After discussing the "five strong", the author puts forward the "eight evils" as the commandment of the general's cultivation. These "eight evils" are all the ones that should be warned by the military commander. Without any of these "evils", it is impossible to become an outstanding general or an outstanding politician. The author puts forward this precept, which is a powerful supplement to the positive discourse and makes the discourse more comprehensive, thorough and profound. It seems that Zhuge Liang likes it very much and is good at discussing both sides, so as to make the problem more thorough. The "five strong" and "eight evil" mentioned in this article can complement each other with the previous articles on the cultivation of Jiaoling, thus forming a relatively complete moral code and code of conduct for generals, which is of guiding significance and practical value for regulating the moral and behavior of generals and all political leaders, and should be given full attention.

Extension example

Practicing martial arts frequently

During the Western Jin Dynasty, the imperial court was fatuous and corrupt, the country was weak, and the northern minorities took the opportunity to harass, and the people's lives were miserable.

At that time, there were two young people, Zu Ti and Liu Kun, who were good friends and often lived together. Facing the decadent and dark social reality, they felt infinite anxiety and indignation.

One night, Zu Ti and Liu Kun slept in the same bed, but they couldn't sleep after tossing and turning. Zu Ti was thinking, how can we have the ability to defend and govern the country? In the second half of the night, he heard the sound of chicken crowing, which inspired him. We are determined to work hard in the future, work hard from dawn to dusk, seize the time, and practice our skills to serve the country. He woke up Liu Kun and talked about his ideas, which Liu Kun agreed with very much. So they got up and went to the yard to practice martial arts. Zu Ti held a long sword, and Liu Kun waved his broadsword. In the bright moonlight, the two young men waved their swords carefully.

From then on, Zu Ti and Liu Kun, no matter in cold winter, hot summer, wind or rain, immediately got up to practice martial arts and waved swords when they heard the crow of chicken. Because of their hard work and perseverance, both of them have excellent martial arts skills.

Later, Zu Ti became General Fenwei. He led the army and practiced day and night. In the battle, his team was disciplined and brave, and won many battles, so it was supported and supported by the masses.

解读《诸葛亮兵法.将苑》 将强第十一

将强第十一

——为将应具备“五强”革除“八恶”

  将有五强八恶。高节可以厉俗，孝弟可以扬名，信义可以交友，沉虑可以容众，力行可以建功，此将之五强也。谋不能料是非，礼不能任贤良，政不能正刑法，富不能济穷厄，智不能备未形，虑不能防微密，达不能举所知，败不能无怨谤，此谓之八恶也。

译文

　　将帅的品德修养标准是五强八恶。五强是指五种必须的德性：高风亮节可以勉励世俗，友爱孝悌可以名扬海内，信义忠诚可以获得友谊，周到细致地考虑问题可以容忍他人，身体力行可以建功立业。八恶是八种在德性上的缺陷：虽然足智多谋但不能明辨是非，不能礼贤下士，更不能任用贤良之人，施政时有法不依，无法引导社会风俗，不能慷慨施惠，不肯救济穷困，不能防患于未燃，智慧不足，不能深思远虑，也不能防微杜渐，不能在声誉显达时推荐自己所熟悉的贤能之士，不能在战败时，毫无怨言，负担全部责任。

　　解析

　　本篇文章论述了将领的修养。但侧重点却在将领的道德品质的方面。文章从正反两个两面进行论述，提出了为将之人应有的道德品质，为人处事应有的修养。诸葛亮首先从正面提出了“五强”，即高节、孝悌、信义、深虑、力行，这和孙子兵法倡导的智、仁、勇、信、严是一致的。当然，不同的社会可以赋予这五方面以不同的内涵，当今不能完全照搬，但是，从这五个方面规范人的道德品质，却是任何时候都是正确的。尤其是肩负重任的人，更应该在这五个方面规范自己。
　　作者在正面论述“五强”后，又从反面提出了“八恶”，作为将领修养的戒律。这“八恶”都是为将统兵之人应该力戒的，有了其中任何一“恶”，都不可能成为一个杰出将领或者卓越的政治家。作者提出这入条戒律，是对正面论述的有力补充，使论述更全面，更周密，更深刻。看来，诸葛亮很喜欢，也很善于从正反两面论述，从而把问题说得更透彻。本篇文章提的“五强”、“八恶”，和前面几篇论述交领修养的文章可以互为补充，从而构成一个比较完整的将领道德规范和行为准则，对规范将领和一切政要的品德和行为很有指导意义和实用价值，应该给予充分的重视。

　　拓例

　　闻鸡起舞勤练武
　　西晋时期，朝廷昏庸腐败，国家虚弱，北方异族乘机骚扰，老百姓生活困苦不堪。
　　当时有两个青年，祖逖和刘琨，他俩是好朋友，经常住在一起。他们面对腐朽黑暗的社会现实，感到无限忧虑和悲愤。
　　一天夜里，祖逖(tì)和刘琨（kun）同床而眠，但是翻来覆去总是睡不着。祖逖在想，怎样才能出本领，保卫和治理好国家呢？到了后半夜，他听到鸡叫的声音，由此得到启发。决心今后要奋发图强，起早贪黑，抓紧时间，练一身过硬本领，报效国家。他推醒刘琨，谈了自己的想法，刘琨非常赞同。于是，二人起床到院子里去练习武艺。祖逖手持长剑，刘琨手挥大刀，在皎洁的月光下，刀光剑影，两个热血青年认真地挥舞起来。
　　从此以后，祖逖和刘琨二人，无论是凛冽的严冬，还是炎热的酷暑，也无论是刮风，还是下雨，一听到鸡叫，他俩立刻起身练武，舞动刀剑。由于他们勤学苦练，持之以恒，所以两人的武艺都很高强。
　　后来，祖逖当了奋威将军，他率领部队，日夜操练。在战斗中，他的队伍纪律严明、作战勇敢，打了不少胜仗，因而受到群众的支持和拥护。

Interpretation of "Zhuge Liang's Art of War. General Court" will strengthen the 11th

Will be the 11th

——In order to eliminate the "eight evils"

Zhuge Changqing

There will be five strong and eight evil. High integrity can enforce the customs, filial piety can promote the reputation, faithfulness can make friends, meditation can accommodate people, and hard work can make contributions. This is also the top five. Planning can't predict right and wrong, etiquette can't be virtuous, politics can't correct the criminal law, wealth can't help the poor, wisdom can't be prepared for unformed, consideration can't be subtle, reach can't be known, defeat can't be without complaint and slander, this is the eight evils.

translation

The general's moral cultivation standard is five strong and eight evil. The five strong points refer to the five necessary virtues: integrity can encourage the common customs, friendship and filial piety can be famous in the world, faithfulness and loyalty can obtain friendship, thoughtful and careful consideration can tolerate others, and personal practice can make contributions. The eight evils are eight defects in virtue: they are resourceful, but they cannot distinguish right from wrong, they cannot respect the virtuous, they cannot appoint virtuous people, they cannot follow the law when they govern, they cannot guide social customs, they cannot give generously, they cannot relieve the poor, they cannot prevent from burning, they are not intelligent, they cannot think deeply, they cannot prevent from fading, they cannot recommend the wise people they know when they are famous, and they cannot recommend the wise people when they are defeated, Take full responsibility without complaint.

analysis

This article discusses the cultivation of generals. But the emphasis is on the moral quality of the general. The article discusses from both positive and negative sides, and puts forward the moral quality and the cultivation of a general. Zhuge Liang first put forward the "five strong" from the positive side, that is, high integrity, filial piety, faithfulness, consideration, and strength, which is consistent with the wisdom, benevolence, courage, trust, and strictness advocated by Sun Tzu. Of course, different societies can endow these five aspects with different connotations, which cannot be completely copied today. However, it is always correct to standardize people's moral quality from these five aspects. Especially those who shoulder heavy responsibilities should regulate themselves in these five aspects.

After discussing the "five strong", the author puts forward the "eight evils" as the commandment of the general's cultivation. These "eight evils" are all the ones that should be warned by the military commander. Without any of these "evils", it is impossible to become an outstanding general or an outstanding politician. The author puts forward this precept, which is a powerful supplement to the positive discourse and makes the discourse more comprehensive, thorough and profound. It seems that Zhuge Liang likes it very much and is good at discussing both sides, so as to make the problem more thorough. The "five strong" and "eight evil" mentioned in this article can complement each other with the previous articles on the cultivation of Jiaoling, thus forming a relatively complete moral code and code of conduct for generals, which is of guiding significance and practical value for regulating the moral and behavior of generals and all political leaders, and should be given full attention.

Extension example

Practicing martial arts frequently

During the Western Jin Dynasty, the imperial court was fatuous and corrupt, the country was weak, and the northern minorities took the opportunity to harass, and the people's lives were miserable.

At that time, there were two young people, Zu Ti and Liu Kun, who were good friends and often lived together. Facing the decadent and dark social reality, they felt infinite anxiety and indignation.

One night, Zu Ti and Liu Kun slept in the same bed, but they couldn't sleep after tossing and turning. Zu Ti was thinking, how can we have the ability to defend and govern the country? In the second half of the night, he heard the sound of chicken crowing, which inspired him. We are determined to work hard in the future, work hard from dawn to dusk, seize the time, and practice our skills to serve the country. He woke up Liu Kun and talked about his ideas, which Liu Kun agreed with very much. So they got up and went to the yard to practice martial arts. Zu Ti held a long sword, and Liu Kun waved his broadsword. In the bright moonlight, the two young men waved their swords carefully.

From then on, Zu Ti and Liu Kun, no matter in cold winter, hot summer, wind or rain, immediately got up to practice martial arts and waved swords when they heard the crow of chicken. Because of their hard work and perseverance, both of them have excellent martial arts skills.

Later, Zu Ti became General Fenwei. He led the army and practiced day and night. In the battle, his team was disciplined and brave, and won many battles, so it was supported and supported by the masses.

(This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

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