The Treasure of Wisdom: Interpretation of Zhuge Liang's Art of War

Pro-gentleman, far from villain. In order to maintain a good team atmosphere, we should also be close to talented people and stay away from those who are treacherous and immoral.

----Zhuge Changqing

The original text: There are five harms to the disadvantages of the military state: one is to form a party and destroy the virtuous and virtuous; The second is to waste their clothes and change their crowns and belts; The third is boasting about witchcraft and deceiving about divine ways; The fourth is to observe right and wrong, and move the public privately; The fifth is to serve the gains and losses, and to defeat the enemy. This so-called person who is treacherous, hypocritical and immoral can be far away from him, but not close to him.

Zen (z è n): frame slander paradox (b è i): contrary violation

There are five kinds of people who need to pay attention to whether they are running the army or managing the country. They are the scourge of chaos in the country and the army. These five kinds of people are: forming friends privately, engaging in small groups, and loving to ridicule and crack down on talented and virtuous people; People who are extravagant, wasteful, wear distinctive hats, clothes, vanity and grandstanding in clothes; Those who unrealistically exaggerate the public and create rumors to deceive the audience; A person who specializes in gossiping and stirring up trouble for his own personal interests; People who are very concerned about their own personal gains and losses and secretly collude with the enemy. These five kinds of hypocritical, treacherous and morally corrupt villains can only be kept away from them, not close to them.

Analysis: This article deals with the issue of generals. Of course, the standards discussed by Zhuge Liang can be used not only as the standard for the general to use his subordinates, but also as the standard for selecting the general. In short, they can also be used as the standard for employing people in all walks of life. The article pointedly points out that there are five kinds of people who can lead to the destruction of the army or the country in the process of governing the country and the military. They are: people who form groups and slander the powerful; A person who wears eye-catching and gorgeous clothes; A person who speaks evil words to mislead people and speak mysteriously; Those who ignore the rules of law and love to stir up the hearts of the people; A person who specially cares about his own gains and losses or secretly colludes with the enemy. These five types of people are often referred to as treacherous, hypocritical and morally corrupt villains. You should alienate them and not approach them. According to this principle, as a general, we should observe carefully, alienate rather than get close, and remove the black sheep in the organization as soon as possible to maintain the unity and vitality within the organization. Zhuge Liang pointed out in a special article that the taboo of employment is very insightful and important. Zhuge Liang put forward this negative question before discussing the moral cultivation of the generals, which is more creative and worthy of people's consideration. In real life, it is not uncommon for people to identify such people in time or appoint such people for some reason, and the disasters caused are often shocking.

For example, when the shepherd boy drove out the black sheep in ancient times, the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan wanted to go to Juci Mountain to find a "perfect man" named w è i, and asked him for advice on how to govern the world. Before setting out, the Yellow Emperor invited some experienced people as guides and attendants. However, when they reached the outskirts of Xiangcheng, they still lost their way and could not find a way out. When the Yellow Emperor and his party were in a great hurry, they suddenly saw a boy herding horses in the open field. The Yellow Emperor quickly went to him and asked him, "Do you know the direction to Juci Mountain?" The boy said, "Of course you do." The Yellow Emperor was very happy. He quickly asked, "Do you know where Da Wei lives?" The boy looked at the Yellow Emperor and said, "Yes. I know everything." The Yellow Emperor saw that he was really smart, So he teased him and said, "Your voice is really loud. Since you know everything, let me ask you how to govern the world. Do you know?" The boy answered cheerfully, "What's the difficulty?" After that, the boy jumped on his horse and wanted to leave. The Yellow Emperor held the boy and asked again, so the boy replied, "Is there any difference between ruling the world and herding horses? It's just to drive out the bad horses that harm the horses." The boy said, and rode away. Hearing this, the Yellow Emperor opened his mouth and kowtowed to the direction where the shepherd boy left, then drove back by taxi.

  智慧宝典：解读《诸葛亮兵法》逐恶第二

    亲君子，远小人。为将之道也要亲近贤能的人，远离那些奸伪悖德之人，以保持良好的团队氛围。

                                ----诸葛长青

     原文：夫军国之弊，有五害焉：一曰结党相连，毁谮贤良；二曰侈其衣服，异其冠带；三曰虚夸妖术，诡言神道；四曰专察是非，私以动众；五曰伺候得失，阴结敌人。此所谓奸伪悖德之人，可远而不可亲也。　

     谮（zèn）：诬陷中伤    悖（bèi）: 相反违反

    译文：不论是治军还是理国，有五种人需要对之注意，他们是国家、军队混乱的祸患。这五种人是：私结朋党，搞小团体，专爱讥毁、打击有才德的人；在衣服上奢侈、浪费、穿戴与众不同的帽子、服饰、虚荣心重、哗众取宠的人；不切实际地夸大盅感民众人，制造谣言欺诈视听的人；专门搬弄是非，为了自己的私利而兴师动众的人；非常在意自己的个人得失，暗中与敌人勾结在一起的人。这五种虚伪奸诈、德行败坏的小人，对他们只能远离而不可亲近。　　 

   解析：本篇文章论述的是将领用人的问题。当然，诸葛亮论述的标准，既可作为将领使用部下的标准，也可以作为选用将领的标准，广而言之，更可做为各行各业用人的标准。文章直截了当地指出，在治国治军中，有五种人能导致军队或国家毁灭。他们是：成群结党，诽谤能者的人；穿着引人注目的华美衣服的人；妖言惑众，诡言神道的人；无视法律规则，爱煽动民心的人；专门计较自己利害得失或暗中与敌人相勾结的人。这五种类型的人就是人们常说的奸诈、虚伪、道德败坏的小人。应疏远他们，不可和他们接近。根据这个道理，做为将帅应当细心观察，要疏远而不能亲近，早日除掉组织内部的害群之马，来维持组织内部的团结和生命力。诸葛亮专文指出用人之忌，实在是很有见地，很重要的。诸葛亮在正面论述将领应有的品德修养之前，先提出这个反面问题，更可说是匠心独具，值得人们深思。在实际生活中，人们由于不能及时识别这类人，或者因某种原因而任用这类人的现象并不少见，造成的祸患常常是令人触目惊心的。

   拓例：牧童驱逐害群之马远古的时候，轩辕黄帝要到具茨山去寻找一位叫大隗(wèi)的“完人”，向他请教治理天下的良策。出发前，黄帝请了一些很有经验的人做向导和随从。可是，当他们行至襄城郊外时，还是迷了路，绕来绕去总是找不到出路。黄帝一行正在万分着急的时候，忽然看见空旷的野地里有个牧马的男孩，黄帝就赶快过去问他：“你知道去具茨山的方向吗？”男孩说：“当然知道。”黄帝心中大喜，连忙又问：“那你知道大隗住在什么地方吗？”男孩看了看黄帝说：“知道。我什么都知道。”黄帝见他果然聪明伶俐，于是逗他说：“你的口气真大，既然什么都知道，那我问问你，如何治理天下，你知道吗？”男孩爽快地回答说：“那有什么难的。”说完男孩却跳上马背要走开。黄帝拉住男孩再问，于是男孩回答说：“治理天下，与牧马相比有什么不同吗？只不过是要把危害马群的坏马驱逐出去而已。”男孩说完，骑马离去。黄帝闻听此言，茅塞顿开，连向牧童离去的方向叩头拜谢，然后驱车打道返回。

(This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

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