The Treasure of Wisdom: Interpretation of Zhuge Liang's Art of War

The military power is in hand, like the water of the fish dragon and the wing of the roc, which is the first priority of the general!

---Zhuge Changqing

Original text: A man of military power is the commander of the three armies and the commanding general. He will be able to wield the power of the army and wield the power of the army to face the group. For example, the tiger, with its wings, will soar all over the world, and will do whatever he meets. If you lose your power and don't control its power, you are also like a fish and a dragon out of the Jianghu. If you want to swim in the ocean, you can't get it.

The so-called military power is the power of the general to command the three armed forces. It is the key for the general to establish his own authority. Once the general has mastered the military power, he has grasped the key points of commanding the army. Like a tiger with wings, he is not only powerful, but also able to fly around the world. He can be flexible and take the initiative in any situation. On the contrary, if a general loses this power and cannot command the army, it is like a fish or a dragon leaving the Jianghu. It is also impossible to ask for the freedom to roam in the sea and run and play in the waves.

Analysis: This article discusses the first issue of being a commander - the authority to lead troops. The article first defines the military power as "the power of the general to command the three armies". Then it points out the importance of mastering this power: "This is the key for the general to establish his own command authority." The article has a clear argument, a prominent discussion, and a direct approach. It has seized the key issue at once, and has laid out the fundamental problem and necessary prerequisite for the general to unify the army - power.

The article then demonstrates it forcefully from both positive and negative aspects with vivid metaphors. Zhuge Liang first used a metaphor: "Having mastered the military power is like a tiger with its wings inserted. It can soar around the world and adapt to changes freely." He briefly and explicitly discussed the importance of military power to generals. Then, Zhuge Liang used "fish and dragons leave rivers and lakes" as a metaphor for the general who lost authority, which accurately and brilliantly explained the plight of the general without authority. Everyone knows that ichthyosaurs can roam freely in the water and fight against wind and waves, which is the master of their own destiny; However, once the ichthyosaurs leave the rivers and lakes and lose their water, they can only become the targets of slaughter. What can they do? If a general loses the authority to command the army according to his own will, and is under all kinds of coercion, he has only a false name, or does not listen to the command below, the command cannot be issued and implemented, and the command does not move, it will be the same as the fish dragon leaving the river and lake! No matter how high your talent is, you can't exert it, and you can only do nothing. In only 79 words, the article accurately, vividly and vividly illustrates the fundamental problem of being a commander.

For example, in 158 BC, the Huns gathered a large number of troops to invade the northern border of the Han Dynasty. Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty appointed Zongzheng (official name) Liu Zha as general and stationed in Bashang; Xu Li, the marquis of Zhuzi, was appointed as the general to garrison at Jimen; He ordered Zhou Yafu, the governor of Hanoi, to be the general and garrison Xiliu. He ordered them to guard the three strategic strongholds near Chang'an, the capital, against the attack of the Huns. Later, Emperor Wen went to comfort the army in person. When he came to the barracks of Bashang and Jimen, the army's vehicles and vehicles drove straight in and out without stopping. The officers below the general rode in and out. But when Emperor Wen came to Xiliu Camp, the situation was very different: the officers and soldiers were wearing armor, holding polished swords and guns in their hands, opening their crossbows and putting on arrows. It was very guarded. The leading officials of Emperor Wen came to the camp gate and the guard refused to let them in. The leading officials said, "The emperor is coming!" The captain who guards the camp gate said, "The general has orders, 'The army only listens to the general's orders, not the emperor's orders'.". After a while, Emperor Wen's car arrived and was still blocked. So Emperor Wen sent an envoy into the camp with a token to send an edict to General Zhou Yafu: "I will go into the camp to comfort the soldiers." At this time, Zhou Yafu ordered to open the camp door and let the car in. When entering, the officer guarding the gate of the camp solemnly said to the entourage of Emperor Wen: "The general has a rule that no horses and carriages are allowed to run in the camp." Emperor Wen listened to this and had to let go of the rigid rope of the horse and walked slowly. When Emperor Wen came to the camp of the Chinese army, he saw General Zhou Yafu standing there with full military uniforms and weapons in hand. When he saw Emperor Wen, he greeted him with an arch of his hand and said, "I will not bow down as usual. Please allow me to salute the emperor with military salute." Emperor Wen was shocked when he heard this and answered the salute seriously in the car. After the consolation, Emperor Wen left the military camp. After leaving the Xiliu barracks gate, the officials were surprised. Emperor Wen said with admiration, "This is the real general. A few days ago, I saw the teams at Bashang and Jimen, which were like children's play!" After more than a month, the situation improved. The three armies were removed. Emperor Wen appointed Zhou Yafu as a lieutenant and was responsible for the security of the capital.

      智慧宝典：解读《诸葛亮兵法》兵权第一

        兵权在握，如鱼龙之得水，大鹏之得翅，是为将之第一要务也！

                                      ---诸葛长青

  原文：夫兵权者，是三军之司命，主将之威势。将能执兵之权，操兵之势而临群下，譬如猛虎，加之羽翼而翱翔四海，随所遇而施之。若将失权，不操其势，亦如鱼龙脱于江湖，欲求游洋之势，奔涛戏浪，何可得也。

 译文：所谓兵权，就是将帅统率三军的权力，它是将帅建立自己的威信的关键。将帅掌握了兵权，就抓住了统领军队的要点，好象一只猛虎，插上了双翼一般，不仅有威势而且能翱翔四海，遇到任何情况都能灵活应变，占据主动。反之，将帅如果失去了这个权力，不能指挥军队，就好象鱼、龙离开了江湖，想要求得在海洋中遨游的自由，在浪涛中奔驰嬉戏，也是不可能的。　　 

  解析：本篇文章论述了为将当帅的首要问题——带兵用兵的权威。文章首先给兵权下了定义：“将帅统率三军的权力”。接着指出掌握这个权力的重要：“这是将帅建立自己指挥权威的关键。”文章论点鲜明，论述突出，单刀直入，一下子抓住了要害问题，十分突出地摆出了为将统兵的根本问题、必要前提——权威。　　

文章接着从正反两方面，用形象生动的比喻，有力地加以论证。诸葛亮先用了这样一个比喻：“掌握了兵权，就好象一只猛虎，插上了双翅，可以翱翔于四海，应变自如。”言简意明地论述了兵权对于将帅的重要。接着，诸葛亮又用“鱼龙离开江河湖泊”，比喻失去权威的将领，非常准确精彩地说明了没有权威的将领的窘困。谁都知道，鱼龙在水中可以自由遨游，能够搏击风浪，是自己命运的主宰；但是，鱼龙一旦离开了河湖，失去了水，就只能成为任人宰割的对象，还能有什么作为呢？一员将领，如果失去了按自己意志指挥军队的权威，上受种种挟制，自己只有虚名，或者下面不听指挥，命令不能下达贯彻，指挥不动，那不就和离开河湖的鱼龙一样了吗！任你有多么高的才能，也无从施展，也只能毫无作为。文章仅用七十九个字，就准确、生动、形象地阐明了为将当帅的根本问题。 

拓例：周亚夫严明军令公元前１５８年，匈奴结集了重兵，大规模地进犯汉朝北部边境。汉文帝任命宗正（官名）刘札为将军，驻军灞上；任命祝兹侯徐厉为将军，驻军棘门；命令河内郡守周亚夫为将军，驻军细柳，命令他们分别守卫京城长安附近三个战略据点，防备匈奴进攻。后来，文帝亲自去慰劳军队，来到灞上和棘门军营的时候，劳军的车驾都是长驱直入，毫无阻拦，将军以下的军官都骑着马迎进送出。但文帝来到细柳军营，情况就大不一样：军官和士兵都披着铠甲，手里拿着擦得雪亮的刀枪，张开了弩搭上箭，真是戒备森严。文帝的先行官吏来到营门，门卫不让他们进去。那些先行官吏说：“皇上就要到了！”守卫营门的都尉说：“将军有令，‘军中只听将军的命令，不听皇上的命令’”。过一会儿，文帝的车驾到了，也照样被挡住不能进去。于是，文帝派使者拿了符节凭证进营去向将军周亚夫传诏令：“我要进军营慰劳将士。”这时周亚夫才下令打开营门，放车驾进来。进去的时候，守卫营门的军官郑重地对文帝的随从人员说：“将军有规定，军营内，车马不许奔跑。”文帝听了，只好吩咐放松马的僵绳，慢慢地走着。文帝来到中军营帐，只见将军周亚夫全副戎装，手执兵器，威风凛凛地站在那里。他见了文帝，只拱手表示欢迎，说：“戎装在身，例不下拜，请允许我以军礼朝见皇上。”文帝听了，大为震动，在车上严肃地进行答礼。慰劳完毕，文帝离开军营。出了细柳军营门，随从的官员都感到十分惊讶，文帝却赞叹地说：“这才是真正的将军。前些时候，我看到灞上和棘门两处的队伍，就像儿戏一般！”过了一个多月，情况好转，这三路大军都撤除了，文帝就任命周亚夫为中尉、负责京城的治安。

(This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

Selected Articles in Previous Periods

Click the article title to view

往期精选文章

点击文章标题查看

1The wisdom of traditional Chinese culture changes the destiny: filial piety to parents+five in one+self-improvement

1 国学智慧改命运：孝敬父母+五合一+自强不息

2Zhuge Changqing's Three Golden Keys to Changing Destiny

2诸葛长青改命运三把金钥匙诸葛长青施食仪轨 （十五步简洁版）

3Zhuge Changqing's Greeting Ritual (15 Steps Concise Version)

3 诸葛长青施食仪轨 （十五步简洁版）

4How to repent: the ritual of repentance and the method of repentance (full version)

4   如何忏悔：忏悔仪轨忏悔方法（完整版）

5How to read the Dizang Sutra: Methods for reciting Dizang Sutra (complete version)

5 如何念地藏经：念地藏经仪轨方法（完整版）

6How to release? The ritual of releasing life

6怎样放生？放生仪轨

7Zhuge Changqing's Repentance Culture: A Case Study of Repentance Methods for Changing Destiny

7诸葛长青忏悔文化：改变命运忏悔方法案例

8Free Life Culture: Free Life Culture in Ancient China

8放生文化：中国古代的放生文化

9Shocking photo of feeding: Buddha, Bodhisattva and Dharma Protector come to the scene

9施食震撼照片：佛菩萨护法神亲临现场

10Feeding Rite Return: the return is changed to simple return

10施食仪轨回向：回向修改为简洁回向