Heroic culture: Liu Yu in the Southern Song Dynasty swallowed thousands of miles like a tiger

The Chinese nation is famous for its heroes.

... Zhuge Changqing

The Chinese nation has produced many heroes.

The Chinese nation is deeply responsible.

Since Fuxi Nuwa founded China, the Chinese nation has had many heroes, such as Yan Emperor, Huang Emperor, Yao Emperor, Shun Emperor, Yu Emperor, King Wu of Zhou, Sun Wu, Sun Bin, Qin Shihuang, Liu Bang, Han Xin, Liu Bei, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun, Sun Quan, Huang Gai, Zhou Yu, Tai Shi Ci, Shi Danai, Liu Yu, Li Shimin, Qin Qiong, Yuchi Jingde, Zhao Kuangyin, Yue Fei, Genghis Khan, Kublai, Zhu Yuanzhang, Xu Da, Qi Jiguang, Song Jiang, Wu Song, Lin Chong, Huang Tai Chi, Qianlong, etc

Among many heroes of the Chinese nation, Liu Yu of the Southern Song Dynasty is an outstanding generation of heroes.

Liu Yu, a real hero praised by Xin Qiji.

Zhuge Changqing believes that there are always sages and heroes in the Chinese nation to promote the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.

Liu Yu, Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty (April 16, 363 to June 26, 422), was named Deyu and was nicknamed Jinu. Suiyuli, Pengcheng County, Pengcheng County, was born in Jingkou, Dantu County, Jinling County. An outstanding politician, reformer, and strategist from the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China, and the founding monarch of the Southern Dynasties Liu Song (from July 10, 420 to June 26, 422).

Liu Yu was poor from childhood and later joined the Beifu Army as a general. Since the third year of Long'an (399), the Emperor of Jin'an, he has calmed down the Sunen Uprising internally, eliminated the separatist forces of Huanchu, Xishu, Lu Xun, Liu Yi, Sima Xiuzhi, and so on, making the South a unified situation that has not existed in a century; Exterminate Nanyan, the Later Qin and other countries, subdue Qiu Chi, and use the Moon Array to break the Northern Wei Dynasty's iron cavalry, recover Huaibei, Shandong, Henan, Guanzhong and other places, and recover Luoyang and Chang'an. With great military achievements, he was able to take over the military and political power of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, worship the Xiangguo and Yangzhou herdsmen, and grant the king of Song. Zhuge Changqing thought that Liu Yu experienced hardship, was industrious and thrifty, devoted to the people, and was admirable in his literary and military strategies!

In the first year of Yongchu (420), Liu Yu became independent on behalf of the Jin Dynasty and established the capital of Jiankang with the national name of "Song". During the ruling period, he learned from the lesson of the previous dynasties when the noble families were oppressive and autocratic, strengthened the centralization of power, suppressed the annexation, implemented the land division, rectified the administration of officials, reused the poor, revitalized education, and sent envoys to visit the suffering of the people for many times, lightened the burden of taxes, abolished the harsh laws, improved the social situation, ended the era of patriarchal dictatorship, and laid the political pattern of the "cold people in charge" in the Southern Dynasty.

He made great contributions to the development of the economy in the south of the Yangtze River and the protection and promotion of the Han culture, and created the most extensive period of the six dynasties in the left of the Yangtze River, laying a solid foundation for the "rule of Yuan and Jia". Li Zhi of the Ming Dynasty praised him as the "ruler of settling chaos and promoting prosperity".

In the third year of Yongchu (422), Liu Yu planned to invade the Northern Wei Dynasty. He died of illness at the age of 60. The temple was named Gaozu and the posthumous title was Emperor Wu, and was buried in Chuning Mausoleum. He is the author of a volume of The Art of War Essentials, which has been lost.

In the Song Dynasty, Xin Qiji wrote a famous poem called "Yongyule · Jingkou Beiguting Nostalgia", in which the famous sentence "Jin Ge Tie Ma, Qi swallows thousands of miles like a tiger" was used to praise Liu Yu, Xin Qiji wrote. Zhuge Changqing believes that Xin Qiji can rank first in the list of heroes:

Throughout the ages, heroes have no place to find Sun Zhongmou. The wind is always blown away by the rain. Grass and trees in the setting sun, common alleys, and human slaves once lived. In those days, it was as powerful as a tiger.

Yuanjia Grass, seal Wolf Juxu, and win the hasty Northern Gu. In the forty-three years, I still remember the beacon fire on Yangzhou Road. Can you look back, under the Foci Temple, there is a piece of sacred crow club drum. Who asks: Is Lian quite old and can still eat?

The Book of the Song Dynasty · The Chronicles of Emperor Wu: "Emperor Wu of the Gaozu was taboo, with the character of Deyu and the small character of Jinu. He was born in Suiyuli, Pengcheng County, and the younger brother of Emperor Gaodi of the Han Dynasty, King Chuyuan, also handed over the emperor."

Song Xinqiji's poem "Encounter Joy Forever · Beigu Pavilion at Jingkou Recalls the Past" said: "The grass and trees in the setting sun, the common alleys, and the human slaves once lived."

Wu Shi of the Yuan Dynasty said in the poem "The Horse Stage": "Send slaves to fight for supremacy for thousands of years, climb high and drink wine in the autumn wind."

Zhang Binglin's Theory of Revolutionary Morality said, "It is not far from the obliteration of the snow in the Central Plains to hear the orders of the ancestors and the achievements of the Jinu and Yuanzhang."

For Liu Yu, there are many legends and stories. Zhuge Changqing shared Liu Chunshan's "Liu Yu and Liu Yu" and tried to experience Liu Yu's legend from it.

Liushan, formerly known as Liushan. Located in the southwest of Anqiu, Shandong Province, 25 kilometers away from the urban area and 441.9 meters above sea level, it is the boundary of Hongshagou and Huiqu towns. At first, Liushan had no name. Later, it was named "Liu Shan" after Liu Yu, Emperor Wu of the Southern Song Dynasty.

According to the Annals of Anqiu County, "Liu Mountain is located 25 kilometers southwest of the county seat. It is said that Liu Yu, the great general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, stationed on this mountain when he attacked Nanyan, so it was named 'Liu Mountain'". Later, it evolved into Liushan.

Previously, there was a temple with three courtyards on the top of Liushan Mountain, named Xiuyun Temple (Liushan Temple). Emperor Wu, the chief god, is known as "Grandpa Liu Shan". Grandpa Liu Shan is Liu Yu, the Emperor Wu of the Southern Song Dynasty.

In 409 AD, when Liu Yu led the army to invade Nanyan, he once stationed in the mountains and later became the founding emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty (420 AD). For this reason, people around Liushan worshipped him as a god and built a temple to commemorate him. Xin Qiji wrote in his poem "Encounter Joy Forever and Remembering the Past at Beigu Pavilion in Jingkou" that "... the setting sun, grass and trees, common alleys, and human slaves once lived. In those days, the golden age, the iron horse, and the gas engulfed thousands of miles like a tiger...", among which the "sending slaves" refers to Liu Yu.

Liu Yu's garrison in the mountains passed through: in March of the lunar calendar in 399 AD, Murong De, the king of Yan, led his troops to capture Guanggu (now northwest of Qingzhou in Shandong Province), and then established the capital. He became the emperor in December of the 400-year lunar calendar. In 405, De died of illness and his nephew Murong Chao succeeded him. In February of the 409 lunar calendar, the super troops invaded the Eastern Jin Dynasty, angered Liu Yu, and Yu Shangshu appealed to the emperor for war. On April 11, Yu led his army northward and went swimming across the Huai River. At the beginning of May, when arriving at Xiapi (today's Suining, Jiangsu Province), the soldiers landed on foot and marched along Langya (today's Jiaonan, Shandong Province) through Dongwu (today's Zhucheng) to point at Guanggu. At that time, the garrison in Liushan took a rest, rewarded the three armies, and made friends with the people.

It is said that when Liu Yu stationed in the mountains, he found the Chinese herbal medicine to treat the inflammation caused by knife wounds. Later generations took "Liu Jinu" as the name of the medicine (the only imperial name of Chinese medicine). On June 12, the Jin army crossed Daxian Mountain and fought with the Yan army south of Linqu. On June 19, the Outer City of Guanggu was captured. On the fifth day of February 410, the whole city was captured, Murong Chao was captured alive, and Yu Jiankang (now Nanjing) was captured and killed. Liu Yu made great contributions to the Eastern Jin Dynasty by fighting against Nanyan, which is also the beginning of his accession to the throne in the future. Lu You said in his poem, "Send slaves to talk and laugh about taking Qin Yan. All fools and wise people know that the Jin Dynasty moved to the top. It is only for the people of Taoyuan to write a biography. It should not be an official in the Xi years."

Liu Yu, with the name of Deyu and the nickname of Jinu. Born in the first year of Xingning in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (363 A.D.), his ancestral home was Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu), and later moved to Jingkou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu). Liu Jiao, the 21st grandson of the King of Han and Chu. His father Liu Qiao, his mother died early (brought up by his aunt), and his wife Zhang Shi. When I was young, I was poor and lived by farming, cutting firewood, fishing and selling shoes. In 402, Huanxuan usurped the Jin Group and welcomed the restoration of Sima Dezong, Emperor Andi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The official, the general, the third division of the Kaifu Yitong, the governor of Yangzhou, and the recorder of the book, were later promoted to the state of minister, the Duke of Song, and added Jiuxi. In 420 AD, on the ninth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar, Sima Dewen, Emperor Gong of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was abolished as Emperor, and the Southern Song Dynasty was established. Dujiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu), the year name Yongchu, was established. After Liu Yu became emperor, he took the world as his own responsibility, sympathized with the people, and managed the country thriftily. He was called an enlightened monarch in history. In 422 AD, he died of illness on May 21 of the lunar calendar and died at the age of 60. His temple name was Gaozu, and his posthumous title was Emperor Wu. His tomb was Chuning Mausoleum. The Southern Song Dynasty, also known as the Liu Song Dynasty, is the eighth emperor, Liu Yu, the Wudi, Liu Yifu, the Shaodi, Liu Yilong, the Wendi, Liu Jun, the Xiaowu Emperor, Liu Ziye, the former disused emperor, Liu Yu, the Ming Emperor, Liu Yu, the later disused emperor, and Liu Zhun, the Shundi. In April 479, it was replaced by the Southern Qi Dynasty.

There are many scenic spots in the mountain, such as Wanghai Temple, Qinglong Ridge, Naipeng Mountain, Dashantou, Diaoyutai, Songhangzi, Xianren Cave, Wind Demon Palm, Dove Cliff, Xiannvwang, Niandi Valley and Guoerwuya Cave. Among them, the famous site "Stone Wall Fenzi", with a total length of 4060 meters, is a modern artificial scenic spot with a history of more than 140 years. It is reported that during the reign of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty, the Nian army (also known as "Maozi") came to Anqiu for many times to harass. In the late September of the year of Xinyou (1861 AD), the Nian army invaded Liushan. Liu Gongpanshui, a brave man in Heiyuzi Village, Huiqu Town, led a group to fight back bravely. Unfortunately, his head was cut off because he ran out of gunpowder. He was only 38 years old and left six minor children. Warriors such as Duke Liu are very popular in the villages around Liushan. When the old and young people in the neighborhood are helpless, Mr. Li Xiangfen, an official of the Qing Dynasty and a person from Xiapo Village who is on vacation, stepped forward and met with his nephew Li Xin to lead the people to climb Liushan. He led the people to build stone wall enclosures in imitation of the Great Wall built by Emperor Qin Shihuang to defend against the disturbance of the Nian Army. It is gratifying to see that the stone wall enclosure stood firm after it was built, Nian Jun looked but dared not approach. It's a long story. There is a section of "Fangshi Weizi" on the wall of Liushan, which was built by the people of Fangzi District when they went to Liushan to escape from the Nian Army. It can be seen that in those years of war and chaos, Liushan did not know how many people were sheltered. According to the investigation, Liushan is indeed a place that military strategists of all dynasties must contend for.

Liushan has a long history and outstanding people; To stay in the mountains is broad minded and poetic. A stone old man has witnessed the history of the past, nurtured generations of new people, and ushered in a prosperous today. Under the correct leadership of the Party committees and governments at all levels, happy people living in the mountains will unite and work hard to usher in a better tomorrow!

中华民族，英雄辈出，名垂千古。

……诸葛长青

中华民族，英雄辈出。

中华民族，义薄云天。

自伏羲女娲开创中华以来，中华民族就有许多英雄，譬如，炎帝，黄帝，尧帝，舜帝，禹帝，周武王，孙武，孙膑，秦始皇，刘邦，韩信，刘备，关羽，张飞，赵云，孙权，黄盖，周瑜，太史慈，史大奈，刘裕，李世民，秦琼，尉迟敬德，赵匡胤，岳飞，成吉思汗，忽必烈，朱元璋，徐达，戚继光，宋江，武松，林冲，皇太极，乾隆等

在诸多中华民族英雄中，南宋刘裕，是杰出的一代英雄豪杰。

刘裕，被辛弃疾称赞的真英雄。

诸葛长青认为，中华民族总有圣贤英雄不断出现，推动中华民族持续发展。

宋武帝刘裕（363年4月16日－422年6月26日），字德舆，小名寄奴。彭城郡彭城县绥舆里人，生于晋陵郡丹徒县京口里。中国东晋至南北朝时期杰出的政治家、改革家、军事家，南朝刘宋开国君主（420年7月10日－422年6月26日在位）。

刘裕自幼家贫，后投身北府军为将。自晋安帝隆安三年（399年）起，他对内平定孙恩起义，消灭桓楚、西蜀及卢循、刘毅、司马休之等割据势力，使南方出现百年未有的统一局面；对外消灭南燕、后秦等国，降服仇池，又以却月阵大破北魏铁骑，收复淮北、山东、河南、关中等地，光复洛阳、长安两都。凭借着巨大的军功，得以总揽东晋军政大权，官拜相国、扬州牧，封宋王。诸葛长青认为刘裕经历苦难，勤俭节约，一心为民，文韬武略，令人赞叹！

永初元年（420年），刘裕代晋自立，定都建康，国号“宋”。执政期间，吸取前朝士族豪强挟主专横的教训，加强集权，抑制兼并，实施土断，整顿吏治，重用寒士，振兴教育，并多次遣使访民间疾苦，轻徭薄赋，废除苛法，改善社会状况，终结了门阀专政的时代，奠定了南朝“寒人掌机要”的政治格局。

他对江南经济的发展，汉文化的保护与发扬有重大贡献，并开创了江左六朝疆域最辽阔的时期，为“元嘉之治”打下坚实的基础。明人李贽誉之为“定乱代兴之君”。

永初三年（422年），刘裕计划征伐北魏，尚未出师，便因病逝世，终年六十岁。庙号高祖，谥号武皇帝，葬于初宁陵。著有《兵法要略》一卷，今已佚。

宋朝辛弃疾，有一首著名的词作，名为《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》，其中名句“金戈铁马，气吞万里如虎”，就是用来赞叹刘裕的，辛弃疾写道。诸葛长青认为辛弃疾这首词，可以排在英雄霸气排行榜第一名：

千古江山，英雄无觅孙仲谋处。舞榭歌台，风流总被雨打风吹去。斜阳草树，寻常巷陌，人道寄奴曾住。想当年，金戈铁马，气吞万里如虎。

元嘉草草，封狼居胥，赢得仓皇北顾。四十三年，望中犹记，烽火扬州路。可堪回首，佛狸祠下，一片神鸦社鼓。凭谁问：廉颇老矣，尚能饭否？

《宋书·武帝纪上》：“高祖武皇帝讳裕，字德舆，小字寄奴，彭城县绥舆里人，汉高帝弟楚元王交之后也。”

宋辛弃疾《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》词：“斜阳草树，寻常巷陌，人道寄奴曾住。”

元吴师道《戏马台》诗：“寄奴千载心争雄，登高把酒临秋风。”

章炳麟《革命道德说》：“雪中原之涂炭，光先人之令闻，寄奴、元璋之绩，知其不远。”

对于刘裕，有很多传说故事，诸葛长青分享刘春山撰写的《留山与刘裕》，大力从中体会刘裕的传奇。

留山，原名刘山。地处山东安丘西南部，距市区25公里，海拔441.9米，为红沙沟、辉渠两镇界山。最初，留山是没有名称的。后以南宋武帝刘裕姓氏取名为“刘山”。

据《安丘县志》记载：“刘山，位于县城西南25公里处，相传东晋大将刘裕讨伐南燕时驻军此山之上，故名‘刘山’”。后演变为留山。

先前，留山顶上有座前后三院的庙宇，名为：秀云观（即留山庙）。主神高祖武皇帝，人称“刘山爷爷”，刘山爷爷即南宋武帝刘裕。

公元409年，刘裕率军征讨南燕时，曾驻军留山，后来（公元420年）成为南朝宋开国皇帝。为此，留山周围百姓把他奉为神灵，遂建庙纪念之。辛弃疾词《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》中写道“……斜阳草树，寻常巷陌，人道寄奴曾住。想当年，金戈铁马，气吞万里如虎……”，其中的“寄奴”就指刘裕。

刘裕驻军留山经过：公元399年农历三月，燕王慕容德率兵攻占广固（今山东青州西北），遂定都，400年农历十二月称帝。405年德病死，其侄慕容超继位。409年农历二月，超率兵入侵东晋，惹怒刘裕，裕上书皇上请战。四月十一，裕率军北上，乘舟过淮水入泅水。五月初，抵达下邳（今江苏睢宁），将士登陆徒步行军，沿琅琊（今山东胶南）经东武（今诸城）直指广固。间至留山驻军休整，犒赏三军，广交民众。

相传：刘裕驻军留山时发现了治疗刀伤炎症的中草药，后人就以“刘寄奴”为药名（唯一皇名中药）。六月十二晋军过大岘山，与燕军在临朐以南开战。六月十九，攻克广固外城，410年二月初五夺取全城，生擒慕容超，俘送于建康（今南京）而杀之。刘裕讨伐南燕一战，为东晋立下汗马功劳，更是日后登基的开篇。陆游诗曰：“寄奴谈笑取秦燕，愚智皆知晋鼎迁。独为桃源人作传，固应不仕义熙年。”

刘裕，字德舆、小名寄奴。生于东晋兴宁元年（即公元363年），祖籍彭城（今江苏徐州），后迁居京口（今江苏镇江）。汉楚王刘交二十一世孙。父刘翘，母早亡（由姨母奶大），妻张氏。幼年家贫，靠种地、砍柴、打鱼、贩鞋为生。402年击败桓玄篡晋集团，迎东晋安帝司马德宗复位。官侍中、车骑将军、开府仪同三司、扬州刺史、录尚书事，后升相国，封宋公，加九锡。公元420年农历六月初九，废东晋恭帝司马德文称帝，建立南宋朝，都建康（今江苏南京），年号永初。刘裕称帝后，以天下为己任，体恤百姓，节俭治国，史称开明君主。公元422年农历五月廿一病故，享年六十岁，庙号高祖，謚号武帝，陵寝初宁陵。南朝宋，又称刘宋，传八帝，武帝刘裕、少帝刘义符、文帝刘义隆、孝武帝刘骏、前废帝刘子业、明帝刘彧、后废帝刘昱、顺帝刘准，历六十年。公元479年四月为南齐所代。

留山景点多多，望海庙、青龙岭、奶蓬山、大山头、钓鱼台、松杭子、仙人洞、风魔掌、鸽子崖、仙女旺、碾底沟和郭二没牙洞等等。其中著名遗址“石墙围子”，全长4060米，是近代人工景点，具有一百四十多年的历史。据载：清咸丰年间，捻军（又称“毛子”）多次来安丘骚扰，辛酉年（即公元1861年）九月下旬，捻军进犯留山，辉渠镇黑峪子村壮士刘公泮水率众奋勇反击，因抬枪药耗尽，不幸头颅被割，年仅38岁，撇下6个未成年的孩子。象刘公这样的勇士，在留山周围村庄大有人在，正当邻里老少束手无策时，休假在家的大清官员、夏坡村人士李湘棻老先生，挺身而出，与侄子李莘遇率民众登上留山，仿秦始皇修长城的样子，率众家百姓修建起石墙围子，以防御捻军的滋扰，令人欣慰的是，石墙围子建起后，巍然屹立，捻军望而不敢近前。说来话长，留山围墙有段“坊氏围子”，系坊子区民众到留山躲避捻军时所建，可见，在那兵荒马乱岁月，留山不知庇护过多少民众。据考，留山确为历代兵家必争之地。

留山，历史悠久，人杰地灵；留山，胸怀宽广，诗意绵绵。一个石老人，见证了过去的历史，孕育了一代代新人，迎来了欣欣向荣的今天。幸福的留山人，在各级党委、政府的正确领导下，团结一心，辛勤劳作，共迎美好的明天！

（选自 刘春山 《留山与刘裕》文章）

(This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

Selected Articles in Previous Periods

Click the article title to view

往期精选文章

点击文章标题查看

1The wisdom of traditional Chinese culture changes the destiny: filial piety to parents+five in one+self-improvement

1 国学智慧改命运：孝敬父母+五合一+自强不息

2Zhuge Changqing's Three Golden Keys to Changing Destiny

2诸葛长青改命运三把金钥匙诸葛长青施食仪轨 （十五步简洁版）

3Zhuge Changqing's Greeting Ritual (15 Steps Concise Version)

3 诸葛长青施食仪轨 （十五步简洁版）

4How to repent: the ritual of repentance and the method of repentance (full version)

4   如何忏悔：忏悔仪轨忏悔方法（完整版）

5How to read the Dizang Sutra: Methods for reciting Dizang Sutra (complete version)

5 如何念地藏经：念地藏经仪轨方法（完整版）

6How to release? The ritual of releasing life

6怎样放生？放生仪轨

7Zhuge Changqing's Repentance Culture: A Case Study of Repentance Methods for Changing Destiny

7诸葛长青忏悔文化：改变命运忏悔方法案例

8Free Life Culture: Free Life Culture in Ancient China

8放生文化：中国古代的放生文化

9Shocking photo of feeding: Buddha, Bodhisattva and Dharma Protector come to the scene

9施食震撼照片：佛菩萨护法神亲临现场

10Feeding Rite Return: the return is changed to simple return

10施食仪轨回向：回向修改为简洁回向