What is the fourth common sense of Buddhism

(Lesson 22-27)

Lesson 22 Ten Good karma

'karma' is all the undertakings created by all sentient beings. There are good and evil in this industry. Ordinary people know whether to see right or not, but they still can't distinguish. Some people continue to create evil karma, and few can consciously realize it. Although this matter is complicated, there is also a simple standard in the Buddhist scriptures. This must be divided into three categories.

The first is that there are three kinds of evil karma committed by body actions: first, killing animals, which are creatures that have been killed directly since birth. 2、 To steal is to seize property that is not due. 3、 Prostitution is irrational sexual immorality. Formal couples are also immoral regardless of time and place. Is it not a bad body to lift up your hands and feet and create such an industry? If we can not commit these three kinds of evil deeds, we can call it 'good body'.

The second is that there are four kinds of evil deeds committed by mouth actions. First, false words are false words that deceive people. 2、 Two tongues, that is to provoke right and wrong between Party A and Party B. 3、 Bad words are abusive and hurtful words. 4、 Elegance is the obscene speech. Is it not a bad word to shake your lips and drum up your tongue to create such an industry? If we can avoid committing these four kinds of evil deeds, we can call it 'good mouth'.

The third is that there are three kinds of evil karma committed by the action of intention: first, greed, that is, lust for the five desires, and obsession. 2、 Anger is a slight carelessness that leads to resentment. 3、 Idiotic is to confuse and reverse, and not believe in cause and effect. Is it not malicious to take the initiative to create such karma? If we can not commit these three kinds of evil deeds, we can call it 'good intentions'.

Lesson 23 Four Truths (1)

'Truth' is the true truth, which is absolutely right. There are four categories of 'suffering, gathering, extinction and Tao', which need to be explained separately.

'Pain' is the pain of heart and body; There are many kinds, including 'determined' and 'undetermined'. (A) There are eight sufferings that have been determined. First, suffering is like going to prison when giving birth in the womb. 2、 Old bitterness, old age, physical decay, mental lethargy. 3、 The disease is bitter, the viscera is damaged, the skin and flesh are sore and carbuncle, and the whole body is painful. 4、 In the time of death, the wind knife disintegrates, and it looks like a turtle shelling. 5、 Love and separation. Parents, couples, children, brothers and relatives are either born or die. 6、 Resentment and hatred will be bitter, and enemies will often meet. 7、 There are few things that can't be bitter, but hope for wealth and peace. 8、 Because of the false heart and body, the five yin are full of suffering. They always love to take the lust and dust, like fire. (B) Undetermined suffering is water, fire, drought, poverty, gale, earthquake, theft, sabre, prison, these natural and man-made disasters.

'Collection' is a sin accumulated in mind and body. The worries of 'greed, anger, ignorance and slowness' in the mind (see Lesson 14), and the evil karma of' killing, stealing, lust and delusion 'in the body and mouth.

'Extinction' is pure silence. The small nirvana of sound and feeling (see Lesson 9), in addition to the two kinds of suffering, which are determined and undecided, is also free from the suffering of life and death (see Lesson 8).

'Tao' is the essence of Dharma, that is, according to the path of practice. In this essence, there are thirty-seven items, which are divided into seven categories, namely, 'Four Minds and Abilities',' Four Kinds of Diligence ',' Four Gods and Feet ',' Five Roots', 'Five Forces',' Seven Bodhi Points', and 'Eight Kinds of Path Points'. There are many principles, which must be explained separately in a special lesson.

Lesson 24 Four Truths (2)

The four truths have two causes and effects‘ The two essence of "suffering" and "gathering" is the cause and effect in the world‘ The two essence of annihilation and Tao are the cause and effect in the world.

Bitter is the bad result of getting; Collection is the evil cause of creation; To destroy is to get dimethoate; Tao is the happy cause of cultivating seeds. This should be understood: whatever results, there must be antecedents.

This method was first said in Deer Garden after Buddha became a Taoist; He said it three times in a row, which is called "three turns of Falun".

For the first time, it is compelling to only say bitter; Collection is emotional; Extinction is verifiable; Tao can be repaired. This time, it is called "Shizhuan". After hearing this, those who took root became aware and confident.

The second time, say bitter, you should know; Ji, you should cut it off; You should go to the certificate; Tao, you should come to repair. This statement is called 'persuasion'. After hearing this, the people in the middle of the root will also be enlightened and have confidence.

For the third time, I have known the bitterness; Set, I have cut off; I have proved it; I have repaired it. This statement is called "certificate transfer". Only after listening to the root of the people can they become aware and confident.

Lesson 25 Thirty-seven Principles (I)

(A) Four thoughts

'Reading' is an idea, and 'living' is to live safely. This is to use wisdom to put the false mind in a certain place, so as not to confuse him, so as to get a correct understanding of the universe and life.

（1） There are nine appearances of the "unclean body" itself, which are suitable for frequent thinking: first, death, second, swelling, third, bruise, fourth, pus, fifth, bad, sixth, blood smearing, seventh, insect eating, eighth, bone lock, ninth, dispersion. He has five laws, namely, 'seed, residence, appearance, body, and after all', which are not pure.

（2） 'It's bitter to see what you are suffering'; Before the adversity, there is more hunger and thirst, cold and heat, hard work, and the persecution of knives and sticks. This is the combination of bitterness and bitterness, which is called 'bitterness'. Occasionally, fake music comes, and it always ends. When it ends, it still feels bitter, which is called 'bad bitterness'. Although the situation of not suffering and not being happy is good, it can not be maintained in a moment. It is still bitter, and it is called 'suffering'.

（3） The idea of "mind-viewing impermanence" rises and goes, and changes are impermanent. For a thing, suddenly happy, suddenly disgusted, and then go, and then come again, as if the waves are rolling, so it will teach the Eight Wisdom to remove many seeds of life and death.

（4） The word "I" is the main solution. We should know that everything is a combination of common causes, which shows a false appearance and has no self. This is the truth of all laws.

Lesson 26 Thirty-seven Items (2)

(B) Fourth duty

"Honesty" refers to the correct cause, and "diligence" refers to unswerving work. All good causes are justified; A bad cause is not justified.

A good cause needs hard work; Bad business needs to be stopped frequently. And we need to combine the three industries of 'body, mouth and mind' and examine them to find out.

（1） We should conscientiously cut off the evil karma that has arisen. （2） The evil karma that has not yet arisen, and the diligent precaution, will not make him happen. （3） The good karma that has not yet been born, the diligent cause him to be born. （4） The good karma that has been born will make him grow again.

Lesson 27 Thirty-seven Items (3)

(C) Four divine feet

'Desire, diligence, mind and outlook' are four kinds of meditation‘ God 'is a magic power, and' foot 'is the two feet of the body. This is a parable. The body can stand up on both feet; The occurrence of magic depends on meditation.

Four kinds of good roots can come into being after the completion of the four mindfulness and diligence. First, warm Dharma. The holy way is warmer than fire; Before seeing the Tao, there was also a warm air. 2、 The top method is like reaching the top of the mountain, and you may have to go in or out; It means that pedestrians should watch out for turning back even if they go high. 3、 The law of tolerance determines that the four principles are the most successful law, which calms the heart. 4、 The first law in the world, the wisdom with leakage, has reached the extreme, and further, you will have no leakage of wisdom. However, the improvement of these four good roots still needs to be achieved by observing the four principles.

On the basis of the four good roots, the name "desire" is cultivated according to the strong hope; According to the name of diligence; The name of "heart" is based on one mind's efforts to stop; According to the observation, the name of "view" is fixed. If you can practice these four kinds of fixation, you will naturally be refreshed. The name of God's foot is the sum of cause and effect.

 什么是佛学常识之四

（第二十二至第二十七课）

第二十二课  十善业
 
‘业’是众生造的一切事业。这业有善有恶，凡夫知见不正，却还辨不清楚。有些人不断造恶业，能自觉悟的，实在很少。这事虽然复杂，佛经里也有个简单标准。这须分三类来说。
 
第一是身的动作  犯的恶业有三种：一、杀生，就是自出生以来，直接间接杀的生物。二、偷盗，就是检取非本分应得的财物。三、邪淫，就是不合理的行淫，正式夫妇若不论时间，不管地点，也是邪淫。抬手举足，造这样的业，岂不是个恶身？若能不犯这三种恶业，才能称是‘身善’。
 
第二是口的动作  犯的恶业有四种：一、妄语，就是欺骗人不实的话。二、两舌，就是对甲乙两方挑拨是非。三、恶口，就是骂人的秽语，及粗暴伤人的话。四、绮语，就是演说淫秽的话。摇唇鼓舌，去造这样的业，岂不是个恶口？若能不犯这四种恶业，才能称是‘口善’。
 
第三是意的动作  犯的恶业有三种：一、贪，就是贪爱五欲，迷恋不舍。二、嗔，就是稍不随意便生怨恨。三、痴，就是迷惑颠倒，不信因果。起心动念，去造这样的业，岂不是个恶意？若能不犯这三种恶业，才能称是‘意善’。
 
第二十三课  四谛（一）
 
‘谛’是真实道理，丝毫没错的意思，有‘苦、集、灭、道’四类，这须要分开说明。
 
‘苦’是心、身受到的痛苦；种类很多，略说分‘已定’、‘未定’两种。（甲）已定的苦有八：一、生苦，在母腹中作胎的时候好像坐牢狱。二、老苦，风烛残年，身体衰败，精神昏沉。三、病苦，脏腑伤损，皮肉疮痈，全身疼痛。四、死苦，绝命的时间，风刀解体，又好像生龟脱壳。五、爱别离苦，父母夫妇子女兄弟眷属，不是生别，就是死离。六、怨憎会苦，冤家仇人，偏要时常遇到。七、求不得苦，希望富贵平安的事，随了心愿的很少。八、五阴盛苦，因有这假心、身，就时刻爱取欲尘，如火不息。（乙）未定的苦，就是水、火、旱、潦、大风、地震、贼盗、刀兵、牢狱，这些天灾人祸。
 
‘集’是心、身积聚的罪恶。心里起的‘贪、嗔、痴、慢’等烦恼(参第十四课)，身口造的‘杀、盗、淫、妄’等恶业。
 
‘灭’是清净寂灭。声闻、缘觉得的小涅槃（参第九课)，既除了已定、未定两种苦，也脱了生死轮回出头没苦（参第八课）。
 
‘道’是法要，也就是依著修行的门径。在这一谛里有三十七道品，分为七科，便是‘四念住’、‘四正勤’、‘四神足’、‘五根’、‘五力’、‘七菩提分’、‘八正道分’等，义理很繁多，必须专列一课，分别述说。
 
第二十四课  四谛（二）
 
四谛有两重因果。‘苦、集’二谛，是说的世间因果；‘灭、道’二谛，是说的出世间因果。
 
苦、是得到的恶果；集、是造作的恶因；灭、是得到的乐果；道、是修种的乐因。这要明白：凡是受果，必有前因。
 
这个法门，是佛成道以后，在鹿野苑初次说的；连续著说了三次，称作‘三转法轮’。
 
第一次，只说苦、是有逼迫性的；集、是有招感性的；灭、是可以证的；道、是可以修的。这次的说法，名曰‘示转’。上根的人听罢，就觉悟了，起了信心。
 
第二次，说苦、汝应该知晓；集、汝应该断去；灭、汝应该去证；道、汝应该来修。这次说法，名曰‘劝转’。中根的人听罢，也得觉悟，发起信心。
 
第三次，说苦、我已知晓了；集、我已断除了；灭、我已证到了；道、我已修过了。这次说法，名曰‘证转’。下根的人听罢，才有觉悟，肯发信心。
 
第二十五课  三十七道品（一）（此即前课四谛法之道谛)
 
（甲）四念住
 
‘念’是观念，‘住’是安住。这是用智慧把妄心安住在某一处，不让他迷惑散乱，使对宇宙人生得一个正确认识。
 
（一）‘观身不净’ 自身后来有九种现相，宜于常常提念：一、死，二、胀，三、青瘀，四、脓烂，五、坏，六、血涂，七、虫啖，八、骨锁，九、分散。观他有五法，即‘种子、住处、相、体、毕竟’，俱不清净。
 
（二）‘观受是苦’ 身、心本有八苦交煎；逆境现前，更有饥渴、寒热、劳役、刀杖的逼迫，这是苦上加苦，名曰‘苦苦’。偶有假的乐来，总是要散的，散时仍感觉苦，名曰‘坏苦’。不苦不乐的境虽好，但是刹那变迁，保持不住，这还是苦，名曰‘行苦’。
 
（三）‘观心无常’ 念头起灭，变迁无常，对于一件事，忽然欢喜，忽然又厌恶，一念才去，一念又来，好像波浪滚滚，这样就教八识田里撤下许多生死种子。
 
（四）‘观法无我’ 这‘我’字当主体解。应知一切事物，皆是众缘和合，现出一个假相，并无自体，这是万法的真相。
 
第二十六课  三十七道品（二）
 
（乙）四正勤
 
‘正’指正当的事业，‘勤’是不懈怠的去作。凡一切善的事业，皆是正当的；恶的事业，就不是正当的。
 
善的事业，须要勤作；恶的事业，更须要勤断。并且要把‘身、口、意’三业合起来省察，才得究竟。
 
（一）已经生起的恶业，要勤恳的把他除断。（二）还未生起的恶业，勤恳的防备，不使他发生。（三）还未生起的善业，勤恳的使他生起。（四）已经生起的善业，勤恳的再使他增长。
 
第二十七课  三十七道品（三）
 
（丙）四神足
 
‘欲、勤、心、观’是四种禅定。‘神’是神通，‘足’是身的两足，这是比喻话。身能起立，全依两足；神通的发生，全是依靠禅定。
 
上来的四念住、四正勤，修圆满了，就可发生四种善根：一、暖法，圣道比火，见火必先和暖；见道以前，也有一番和暖气象。二、顶法，好比到了山顶，说不定要进要退；是说行人虽然进到高处，仍要提防退转。三、忍法，决定四谛是最胜的法，把心安住了。四、世第一法，有漏的智慧，已达到极处，再进一步，就得无漏智慧。但是这四善根的进级，仍是要修观四谛作成的。
 
在四善根上，依著很胜的希望力，修到的定名‘欲’；依著精进力修到的定名‘勤’；依著一心止住力修到的定名‘心’；依著观察力修到的定名‘观’。能修到这四种定，自然会发神通。神足的名称，是总合因果来说的。

(This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

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