What is the second common sense of Buddhism

(Lesson 9-16)

Lesson 9 Multiplication

'Take' means to carry, such as boats and cars. You can take them to the destination by sitting on them. Dharma is called multiplication, which is a metaphor. It means that the desired fruit can be achieved according to Dharma.

The Bodhisattva seeks to transform from the top to the bottom. This result is full of three virtues: first, round all kinds of wisdom, called 'Prajna'. 2、 Out of the three obstacles, he has all merits and virtues, and is called 'Dharma Body'. 3、 Extinguishing all suffering and breaking away from the two kinds of life and death of segmentation and change is called "liberation". Such achievements are widespread, so it is called "Mahayana".

Hearing and fate prove that Arhat fruit is satisfied, but it is only half free from the segmented life and death. The rest of the Prajna and Dharma bodies have not yet been proved, and for Duzhong, they have not yet developed their minds. Such achievements are narrower than Buddha, so they are called 'Mahayana'.

Lesson 10 Five Multiplication Theory

The common people have two kinds of achievements in the good way, and the saints have three kinds of achievements outside the boundary. Taken together, they can be divided into five categories, all of which are called achievements; However, there is a difference between "exactly" and "not exactly", so it is called "riding".

Only keeping the five precepts without losing one's body, and being able to do ten good deeds can gain one's body, which is not the real 'universal fruit'. The four truths of the Ming Dynasty prove the fruit of sound and hearing, and the twelve causes prove the fruit of predestination. Six degrees of cultivation is indeed a Bodhisattva, and it is only at this stage that the Buddha's fruit can be obtained. This is the ultimate 'holy fruit'.

Why don't we say the exact method? This is the convenience of the different root tools for all living beings. 1、 The reagan who hears the teachings of the Holy Fruit can be enlightened, but the reagan who does not understand, so he has to say it is convenient to prevent him from falling into three ways. 2、 Some can understand, but have no courage to take it. They have to say convenience first to lead him forward. 3、 The holy fruit is neither understood nor accepted. Such sentient beings are many. If you don't take advantage of convenience, you will block the way for all sentient beings to be good.

There is a metaphor for these five factors: Renchengbi Kindergarten, Tianchengbi Primary School, Shengwen Chengbi Middle School, Yuanjue Chengbi High School, and Bodhisattva Chengbi University. This is the degree to which you can enter any school. The Buddha dharma is to observe the root of the root, or there will be no chance.

Lesson 11 Cause and Effect

'All laws are born by reason', which means that everything happens, there must be a reason first, and then meet the reason, he will have the result.

'Cause' is the origin of the matter, 'fate' is a kind of assistance, and 'result' is the later outcome. It is worth noting that the result is due to the power of fate.

There are four kinds of predestination: first, kinship predestination, second, no predestination, third, all predestination, and fourth, increasing predestination. Here is a metaphor: 'cause' is more than a seed‘ The relative relationship is more vital than the seed itself‘ The matchless ratio keeps the seeds alive‘ It's more than the hope of this seed‘ Increase the wind, sun, water and rain on the upper edge‘ Fruit 'produces more fruit than this seed.

'You can reap what you sow, and you can reap what you sow'. That is to say, doing good will lead to good results, and doing evil will lead to bad results; Causality is the most scientific. It is futile to believe in fate without any good cause, or to pray to God for blessings.

Lesson 12 Cause and Effect Connect Three Lives

The results are time-based and can be divided into 'immediate results, coming results and consequences'. When the fruit is ripe, it is called "fruit"; The regenerated and mature ones are called "Laiguo"; More mature is called 'consequence'.

What is the reason? One is due to the strength sooner or later. For example, if a melon seed and a peach stone are planted in the field at the same time, the melon seed is produced in the same year and can bear melon; It takes three or four years for a peach stone to grow. The second is the strength of fate. Four kinds of help, the next advance, the natural maturity is early; Or several reasons are not enough, such as poor soil, and the short composition of wind, rain and rain, the natural maturity is later.

There are two main points that should be known about the fixed rate of cause and effect: first, cause and effect will never be eliminated, and it will become effective when it meets fate. To avoid retribution, you must stop worrying and prove the holy fruit outside the boundary before you can be exempted. The second is that good and evil do not offset each other. However, by increasing good karma, bad karma can be turned from heavy to light; Diligence in avoiding bad karma can make good achievements quickly.

Thirteenth Textbook

Authenticity is the universal virtue of all living beings, so it is called 'nature'. However, since the beginning, if we are infected with vanity, cover the noumenon, and have sufficient virtue and ability, we cannot show it.

The false name is' ignorance ', which is a metaphor. Sex is like a mirror. It is originally bright, but when stained with dirt, it covers the light. Dirt is the ignorance of the mirror, and vanity is the ignorance of truth.

Why is there vanity in truth from the beginning? This is another metaphor: gold is from the mine, but it is mixed with dust from the beginning; This is also the reason why truth is tainted with vanity.

The mirror can remove a little dirt and put a little light on it; Remove the dirt and put it in a bright light. The truth should be free from vanity and show virtue and ability; Go to be very vain and show great virtue and ability. It can be seen that the relationship between good and evil is the relationship between truth and purity; Superelevation and degeneration are also the relationship between the purity of nature.

After smelting, the mineral gold will eliminate the dust and sand, and will no longer be mixed with dust and sand; After practice, the truth will be cut off from vanity, and will no longer be contaminated by vanity.

Lesson 14 Worries

The light of nature is called 'consciousness', and ignorance covers the name' mystery '. The more the ignorance is covered, the deeper the nature is lost, and thus the loss of freedom is called 'worry'. In fact, ignorance and worry are not two things. Ignorance is the cause and worry is the result.

There is a difference between "fundamental" and "immediate". If there are six kinds of fundamental troubles according to the "Hundred Laws of the Ming Clan", this should be known first. A 'greedy' is a person who is greedy for five desires and six dusts and refuses to give up temporarily. The two names of "anger" are anger or hatred when something is wrong. The three 'idiots' are unconscious and unreasonable. The four 'slow' are arrogant and belittle others. The five "doubts" are those who are hesitant about the truth, like believing but not believing. The six 'evil opinions' are to reverse the evil and the right, and slander without cause and effect.

Because of these worries, which captivate the nature, and will be used by worries in the future, they will naturally create evil karma and suffer.

Lesson 15 Bodhi

Ignorance covers nature. It is because of the ecstasy. It is called "starting to worry". Since then, we have entered the sea of life and death. The nature requires liberation, which is called "Fa Bodhi", and it can be used to achieve nirvana.

Knowing that worries are sexual thieves, they must borrow Bodhi to act as gatekeepers. However, it is not an occasional matter to guard against thieves. You should always be vigilant at any time. If you neglect, thieves will rush in. Bodhi also needs to be mindful at all times. If he is a little slack, troubles will bind his nature.

Worry is the enemy of nature. Bodhi is the original ability of nature, but it has opposite status and is incompatible with each other. Each has its own strength. The victory and defeat of the two sides are all in development and continuity. If Bodhi's continuous development is continuous, it will be able to eliminate troubles; If troubles continue to develop, Bodhi will also be destroyed.

Lesson 16 Nirvana

Nirvana is translated into silence‘ Roundness is the perfection of all virtues‘ Silence 'is immortality.

The nature is originally pure, which is called 'original consciousness'; After being infected with ignorance, it becomes' unconscious'. Bodhicitta is called 'initial consciousness'; To achieve Nirvana is to be 'the ultimate consciousness'.

After attaining Nirvana, you will get the four kinds of pure virtues: "Chang, Le, Me and Jing". The birth and death of the unborn child and the rebirth of the unborn child are the real existence; It is true happiness to have neither life nor death nor virtue; It is the true body that leaves the four great harmony and falsehood and obtains the Buddha's nature and freedom Dharma body; It is really pure to be free from lust, dust and all troubles.

I am really happy to get my true self, which is' perfection '; It is' silence 'to get real and pure.

 什么是佛学 常识之二

（第九至第十六课）

第九课  大小乘
 
‘乘’是运载的意思，如船车等，坐在上面，就能载到目的地。佛法称乘，原是比喻，是说希求的道果，依著佛法就可达到。
 
菩萨上求下化，圆成佛果为究竟。这果是具足三德：一、圆一切种智，名曰‘般若’。二、出三障，具一切功德，名曰‘法身’。三、灭尽一切苦，脱离了分段、变易两种生死，名曰‘解脱’。这样广大成就，普遍度众，所以称是‘大乘’。
 
声闻、缘觉证到阿罗汉果，便为满足，只不过脱了分段生死，得了一半解脱。其余的般若、法身，尚未思证，对于度众，还未发心，这样成果，比佛狭隘，所以称是‘小乘’。
 
第十课  五乘说法
 
凡夫有善道两种成就，圣人有界外三种成就，合起来看，共分五类，皆称证果；不过有‘究竟’、‘不究竟’的分别，所以统叫作‘乘’。
 
只守五戒不失人身，能行十善可得天身，这是不究竟的‘凡果’。明四谛证声闻果，观十二因缘证缘觉果，这比凡果得称究竟。修六度固然是菩萨，必由这个阶段才能证得佛果，这是最究竟的‘圣果’。
 
为什么还说不究竟的法，这是为众生根器不同，不得已的方便。一、利根的听到圣果教义，固能开悟，钝根的就不了解，只好为说方便，免他再堕三途。二、有的听了能解，却没勇气承当，也只得先说方便，引他前进。三、圣果义既不了解，或是不肯承当，这等众生自是很多的，若不别开方便，那就把众生为善的路塞绝了。
 
这五乘有一比喻：人乘比幼稚园，天乘比小学，声闻乘比初中，缘觉乘比高中，菩萨乘比大学。这是够什么程度，方能入什么学校，佛法更是要观察根器而说，不然就不契机了。
 
第十一课  因缘果
 
‘万法因缘生’，这是说一切事的发生，先必有因，再遇见缘，他就发生结果。
 
‘因’是事的本原，‘缘’是一种助力，‘果’是后来的结局。由因得果，全是缘的力量，这是值得注意的。
 
缘有四种：一、亲因缘，二、无间缘，三、所缘缘，四、增上缘。兹举一喻：‘因’比一粒种子；‘亲因缘’比种子本身的生机；‘无间缘’比使种子的生机不断；‘所缘缘’比这粒种子的希望；‘增上缘’比风日水雨等；‘果’比这粒种子生成结的果实。
 
‘种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆’，因与果是不会错的。这就是说作善定得善果，作恶定得恶果；因果定率，最合科学。不种善因，专去信命运，或是祷天求神，希望得福，皆是枉然。
 
第十二课  因果通三世
 
因结成果，是有时间性的，分为‘现果、来果、后果’。当生成熟的称‘现果’；再生成熟的称‘来果’；多生成熟的称‘后果’。
 
这是什么道理？一是因的迟早力量。譬如一粒瓜种与一粒桃核，同时种在地里，瓜种是当年生成，可以结瓜的；桃核生出，须经三、四年才能结桃。二是缘的强弱力量。四种助缘，次第推进，自然成熟的就早些；或是几种缘不充足，譬如土壤不良，以及风日雨水短了成分，自然成熟的就迟些。
 
因果定率，尚有应当知的两个要点：一是因果永不消灭，遇缘便起现行。要想不受恶报，必须断尽烦恼，证得界外圣果，方能免除。二是善恶不相抵销，分受其报。但是多增善缘，可使恶报由重转轻；勤杜恶缘，能使善果疾速成就。
 
第十三课  本性
 
真性是众生本有具足的万德万能，所以叫做‘本性’。但是从无始以来，染了虚妄，盖住本体，具足的德能，就不能显现了。
 
虚妄名曰‘无明’，这是比喻。性如镜子，本来光明，染了尘垢，就掩蔽了光。尘垢就是镜子的无明，虚妄就是真性的无明。
 
为什么真性无始就有虚妄？这还得另举一喻：金是从矿里出的，却是无始就与尘沙混杂；真性染虚妄，也是这个道理。
 
镜子去一分尘垢，放一分光明；去十分尘垢，放十分光明。真性去一分虚妄，显一分德能；去十分虚妄，显十分德能。可知为善为恶，是真性染净的关系；超升堕落，也是真性染净的关系。
 
矿金经过熔炼，汰去尘沙，以后自不再为尘沙混杂；真性经过修持，断绝虚妄，以后自不再被虚妄染污。
 
第十四课  烦恼
 
本性光明名‘觉’，无明盖住名‘迷’。无明愈盖愈厚，本性愈迷愈深，这样就失了自在，称作‘烦恼’。其实无明与烦恼不是二事，无明是说因，烦恼是说果。
 
烦恼有‘根本’与‘随起’的分别。若按《百法明门论》来说，根本烦恼，共有六种，这是应该先知道的。一名‘贪’，就是贪爱五欲六尘，不肯暂舍。二名‘嗔’，就是有不如意的事，便发怒气，或是憎恶。三名‘痴’，就是昏昏迷迷，不明事理。四名‘慢’，就是自高自大，轻慢他人。五名‘疑’，就是对于实事实理，犹豫不定，似信非信。六名‘邪见’，就是颠倒邪正，谤无因果。
 
因为这些烦恼，迷住本性，以后起心动念，皆是烦恼来用事，自然多造作恶业，长受苦的果报。
 
第十五课  菩提
 
无明盖住本性，是由觉入迷，名‘起烦恼’，从此就入了生死苦海。本性要求解脱，是由迷转觉，名‘发菩提’，仗此能达到涅槃乐岸。
 
了知烦恼是性的贼，必借菩提来充门卫。但是防贼不是偶尔的事，总要随时加以警觉，稍一疏忽，贼就会冲进来。菩提也须时刻发心，若稍懈怠，烦恼就来缠缚本性。
 
烦恼是本性从来的冤家，菩提是本性原有的能力，却是地位相反，互不相容，各有各的相当力量，双方交争的胜败，全在发展力和相续力。菩提若不住的发展相续，自然能断除烦恼；烦恼若不住的发展相续，也会挫毁菩提。
 
第十六课  涅槃
 
‘涅槃’译为圆寂。‘圆’是一切德能圆满；‘寂’是不生不灭，万缘寂静。
 
本性原自清净，这名‘本觉’；染了无明，变成‘不觉’。发菩提心，称作‘始觉’；证得涅槃，是‘究竟觉’。
 
证涅槃后，即得‘常、乐、我、净’四种净德。脱了出胎、入胎轮回生死，才是真的常存；既不生死又具德能，才是真的安乐；离开四大和合假相，获到佛性自在法身，才是真的我体；从后不受欲尘，及一切烦恼的染污，才是真的清净。
 
得到真我真乐，这就是‘圆满’；得到真常真净，这就是‘寂静’。

(This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

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