[Classic Studies of Chinese Studies] Basic Overview of Daxue

University is the knowledge of "cultivating one's moral integrity, ruling the country, and leveling the world".

... Zhuge Changqing

Confucius sage has great merit and virtue.

Confucius' wisdom has injected a strong impetus into the development of the Chinese nation.

To learn the Confucian thoughts of Confucius, you must read "University".

Daxue is one of the four books and five classics of Confucianism. It is worth studying and practicing.

1、 Who is the author of "University"?

The author of "University" is Zeng Zi, a disciple of Confucius and one of the seventy-two sages.

Zengzi (505-435 B.C.), the surname Si, the surname Zeng, and the name Shen (there are two academic versions, one is Shen, the other is can), the word Ziyu, and the person from the southern Wucheng (now Pingyi, Shandong, and the other is Jiaxiang, Shandong) of the State of Lu.

In the late Spring and Autumn Period, he was a thinker, a master of Confucianism, one of the late disciples of Confucius, an important representative of Confucianism, and a descendant of Xia Yu. His father, Zeng Dian, is one of the seventy-two sages, and his son, Zeng Shen, is a teacher of Confucius.

Zhuge Changqing: Zeng Dian and Zeng Shen and their father and son worship Confucius as teachers. They are both diligent and eager to learn. They are among the seventy-two famous sages. They are examples of our study.

Zengzi advocated the Confucian thought with "filial piety, forgiveness, loyalty and faithfulness" as the core, the political view of "maintaining harmony and governing peace", the cultivation view of "introspection and being cautious", and the filial piety view of "taking filial piety as the foundation", which still has extremely valuable social significance and practical value.

Zengzi participated in the preparation of the Analects of Confucius, the writing of University, Filial Piety, Zengzi's Ten Essays and other works.

In the sixth year of King Kao of Zhou Dynasty (435 BC), he died at the age of 71. Zengzi occupies an important position in the history of the development of Confucianism. Later generations respected him as the "Sage", and became one of the four deserve to enjoy the Confucius Temple, second only to Yan Yuan, the disciple of Confucius, who "restored the Sage".

2、 What does "University" mainly talk about?

Zhuge Changqing: We often say "cultivate one's moral integrity, unify one's family, govern the country, and level the world". Where does this sentence come from? It comes from "University".

"University" is a philosophical and intellectual work on the Confucian thought of self-cultivation, unity of family, governance of the country and peace of the world.

Daxue, originally the 42nd chapter of Xiaodai Li Ji, was written by Zeng Zi during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It is an important work in ancient China to discuss educational theory.

The famous "Three Outlines and Eight Items" proposed by the University:

"Three programs": clear morality, close to the people, and stop at the top

"Eight items": character, knowledge, sincerity, integrity, self-cultivation, family unity, governance, and world peace.

Zhuge Changqing: Three principles and eight items are the main essence of "University". We should earnestly study and practice.

"University" emphasizes that self-cultivation is the premise of governing people, and the purpose of self-cultivation is to govern the country and the world, indicating the consistency between governing the country and the world and personal moral cultivation.

The full text of Daxue is concise, profound and far-reaching. It mainly summarizes the pre-Qin Confucian theory of moral cultivation, as well as the basic principles and methods of moral cultivation. It also systematically discusses the Confucian philosophy of political practice, and has profound enlightenment on life, affairs, and governance.

"University" is from the "Book of Rites", which was originally the forty-second of the forty-nine chapters of the "Book of Rites".

The Book of Rites, formerly known as the Book of Rites of Xiaodai, also known as the Book of Rites of Xiaodai, was compiled by Dai Sheng, a man in the reign of Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty, based on a number of anonymous Confucian works left over from history.

According to Ban Gu, a historiographer of different dynasties, who annotated "what scholars wrote after the seventies" under "The Book of Rites", he believed that the writing time of each chapter of the Book of Rites was mainly from the early Warring States Period to the early Western Han Dynasty.

3、 General situation of the spread of "University" in all dynasties

Zhuge Changqing: "University", which reveals the deep truth of the universe, contains the moral thought of heaven, earth and man, is a classic worth spreading forever.

"University" has been circulating for more than 2000 years, and has its unique academic characteristics, academic achievements and social status in various periods of Chinese history.

1. Han and Tang Dynasties

During the Han and Tang dynasties, Daxue has always been subordinate to the Book of Rites. Although Daxue is not independent from the Book of Rites, Dong Zhongshu of the Western Han Dynasty, Zheng Xuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Kong Yingda and Han Yu of the Tang Dynasty have made important contributions to the inheritance and development of Daxue and have affected its academic status.

Zhuge Changqing's research found that Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, were both advocates and practitioners of Confucianism and played an important role in the dissemination of Confucianism.

(1) Dong Zhongshu put forward the idea of "deposing hundreds of schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone", and his contribution to Daxue is mainly to promote Confucian classics from folk thought to the highest level of the country, opening the starting point for Confucianism to become an official school, a prominent school and a national school. (Zhu Ge Changqing's remarks: Dong Zhongshu, a native of Dongguzhuang Village, Guangchuan County, Jingxian County, Hebei Province, from 179 to 104 B.C., was a philosopher of the Western Han Dynasty. Emperor Jingdi of the Han Dynasty was a doctor at that time, lecturing the "Spring and Autumn of the Ram". In the first year of the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (134 B.C.), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty issued an edict to seek the strategy of governing the country. Dong Zhongshu combined Confucianism with the social needs at that time in the famous "Measures for the Promotion of Virtues" and absorbed the theories of other schools, He has created a new ideological system with Confucianism as its core, which has been deeply appreciated by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. He has systematically put forward the theories of "the interaction between heaven and man", "the great unity", and "those who are not in the subject of the six arts and the art of Confucius, should not use their own ways, and should not make progress together", and "depose hundreds of schools of thought, and respect Confucianism alone", which have been adopted by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, making Confucianism become the orthodox ideology of Chinese society, with an impact of more than 2000 years. His study centered on the Confucian patriarchal ideology, mixed with the theory of yin and yang and five elements, and put together the theocracy, monarchy, patriarchy and patriarchy, forming an imperial theological system.

(2) Zheng Xuan (Shandong native), a great Confucian scholar at the end of the Han Dynasty, proofread and annotated various copies of the Book of Rites circulated in the late Western Han Dynasty, which made the Book of Rites popular in the world and has been handed down to this day. In his book Three Rites Notes, the Book of Rites · University is the earliest research work of University available today.

(3) Kong Yingda interprets "University" and emphasizes the key role of "sincerity". He divided the text of "University" into two sections, which paved the way for Zhu Xi to divide "University" into two parts: classics and biography. (Zhu Ge Changqing's remarks: Kong Yingda, 574-648, with the word Chongyuan, and a name of Zhongda and Chongdan, was born in Hengshui, Jizhou, and now in Hengshui, Hebei Province. He is a scholar of classics in the early Tang Dynasty, one of the 18 bachelors of the Lord Qin's Mansion, and the 31st grandson of Confucius.)

(4) Han Yu defined "benevolence and righteousness" as the root of "Tao", and based on the "University", proposed the Confucian moral cultivation path of "integrity, sincerity, self-cultivation, family unity, country governance and world peace". He cited "Daxue" in "Yuandao" to prove and publicize the Confucian orthodoxy, and regarded "Daxue", "Mencius" and "The Book of Changes" as equally important "classics", improving the status of "Daxue" in the Confucian orthodoxy.

Zhuge Changqing notes: Han Yu is the initiator of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, and is honored as the head of the "Eight Great Writers of the Tang and Song Dynasties" by later generations. Together with Liu Zongyuan, Han Yu is also known as "Han Liu", and has the names of "Jugong of the Book" and "Baidai Wenzong". Later generations, together with Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi, called him "the four great writers of the ancient times".

2. Song Dynasty

Zhuge Changqing: The Song Dynasty is an important stage of the standardization of Confucianism.

After Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi of the Northern Song Dynasty tried their best to respect them, Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty also wrote "University Chapters and Sentences", which was finally called "Four Books" together with "The Doctrine of the Mean", "The Analects of Confucius" and "Mencius".

Zhuge Changqing: In the Song and Yuan dynasties, "University" was a required classic for scholars. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Daxue became the official textbook of the school and the required reading for the imperial examination, which had a great impact on ancient Chinese education.

(1) Cheng Hao [h à o] and Cheng Yi [y í] called the "great classics" in "Poetry", "Book", "Book of Rites", "Book of Changes", "Spring and Autumn", and called the "small classics" in "The University", "The Doctrine of the Mean", "The Analects of Confucius" and "Mencius", and continued to respect the orthodox status of Confucian classics. They believed that "The University is the legacy of Confucius, and the door for beginners to learn morality."

Zhuge Changqing notes: Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi are two brothers. Cheng Hao is one year older than Cheng Yi. Since ancient and modern times, it is very rare for the two brothers to master Confucianism at the same time. Cheng Hao (February 28, 1032 - July 9, 1085), male, with the name of Bo Chun and the name of Mingdao, is known as "Mr. Mingdao". Born in Huangpi District, Wuhan City, Luoyang, Henan Province (now Luoyang, Henan Province). Neo-Confucian, educator, founder of Neo-Confucianism, and representative of "Luoxue" in the Northern Song Dynasty. Cheng Yi (September 11, 1033 to October 5, 1107), who was named Zheng Shu, lived in Zhongshan, and later moved to Luoyang, Henan Province (now Luoyang City, Henan Province). He was known as Mr. Yichuan, a Neo-Confucian and educator of the Northern Song Dynasty. He is the younger brother of Cheng Hao. Senior official Ruzhou Tuan Lian Tui Guan, professor of Xijing Guozijian. In the first year of Yuanyou (1086), in addition to the secretary of the provincial school secretary, he was awarded the Chongzheng Hall storytelling.

(2) Zhu Xi extracted the Great Learning from the Book of Rites, made chapters and sentences for the Great Learning and the Doctrine of the Mean, compiled them together, and made the Annotations of the Four Books. After that, the Great Learning, the Doctrine of the Mean, the Analects of Confucius and Mencius were collectively called the "Four Books", and were established as the "First of the Four Books". Since the Song Dynasty, Daxue has become the imperial subject of the imperial examination.

Zhuge Changqing's remarks: Zhu Xi (October 18, 1130 to April 23, 1200), with the characters of "Hui", "Zhong Hui", "Hui An" and "Hui Weng". His ancestral home is Wuyuan County, Huizhou Prefecture (now Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province), and he was born in Youxi County, Nanjian Prefecture (now Youxi County, Fujian Province). Neo-Confucians, thinkers, philosophers, educators and poets in the Southern Song Dynasty of China.

3. Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties

(1) Yuan Dynasty: Yuan Renzong attached great importance to Confucianism and promulgated the "examination procedure" in November of the second year of Emperor Huangqing's reign (1313), clearly stipulating that "The University", "The Doctrine of the Mean", "The Analects of Confucius" and "Mencius" should use Zhu Xi's "Notes on the Four Books, Chapters and Sentences" as the book for the imperial examination.

Zhuge Changqing's research found that Yuan Renzong attached great importance to Confucianism. He personally presided over the first Scholarship Examination for Scholars. Zhang Qiyan of Anqiu, Shandong Province, became the first number one scholar of the Han Dynasty, and later became a member of the first class, helping Yuan Renzong to increase the spread of Confucianism.

(2) Ming Dynasty: The Ming Dynasty was the heyday of China's imperial examination system. It was stipulated that the eight-part essay must be taken in the first place of the provincial and provincial examinations, and the eight-part essay is based on the scriptures in the Four Books and Five Classics. Therefore, most scholars tend to devote their lives to studying the Four Books and Five Classics and the eight-part essay, making the position of the University in Confucianism more prominent.

(3) In the Qing Dynasty, Sinology was revived, and the status of Daxue was still important.

Zhuge Changqing's research found that Shunzhi Emperor, Kangxi Emperor and Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty were all masters of Confucianism, proficient in the Four Books and Five Classics, and played an important role in the dissemination of the Great Learning.

4. Modern and contemporary

Taiwan has included "University" in the compulsory curriculum of ordinary high schools.

"University" has become a compulsory course for undergraduates of relevant majors in some universities.

"University" has become a compulsory course for doctoral students of relevant majors in some universities.

University is widely disseminated among the people. The form of learning is diversified, and the status of classical Chinese learning remains stable.

Zhuge Changqing's research found that "University" has become a popular classic among Chinese scholars.

5. Historical editions of the University

Annotated edition of the Book of Rites (the oldest), and the stone scripture of Han Xiping

Wei Zhengshi's Stone Scripture, Cheng Hao's revised version, Cheng Yi's revised version, Zhu Xi's University Chapters (the most popular), Wang Bo's revised version, Ji's revised version, Gao Panlong's revised version, Cui Mi's revised version, Ge Yinliang's revised version.

Zhuge Changqing: In China today, many university experts, professors and folk scholars have played an important role in the dissemination of the University by giving lectures, writing articles, holding forums, establishing academies, publishing the works of the University, and making audio and video.

Chinese culture has a long history.

May everyone of us attach importance to the dissemination of traditional Chinese culture and let it continue to play a huge role.

(This article refers to the online materials of University)

Learn from sages and promote virtue.

Revitalize China and benefit the world.

Don't do any evil, and do all good.

Zhuge Changqing, wish you success!

(Zhuge Changqing Email: zhuge8031@163.com ）

(Please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of the traditional culture of Chinese traditional culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China, and benefit the world" with like-minded people in the world.

大学是“修身、齐家、治国、平天下”的学问。

……诸葛长青

孔子圣人，功德巨大。

孔子的智慧为中华民族发展注入了强大动力。

学习孔子国学儒家思想，必读《大学》。

《大学》是儒家四书五经之一，值得我们好好钻研，认真实践。

一、《大学》作者是谁？

《大学》作者是孔子弟子、七十二贤之一曾子。

曾子（前505年－前435年），姒姓，曾氏，名参（学术界有两种说法，一读shen，一读can），字子舆，鲁国南武城（今山东平邑，一说山东嘉祥）人。

春秋末年思想家，儒家大家，孔子晚年弟子之一，儒家学派的重要代表人物，夏禹后代。其父曾点，字皙，七十二贤之一，与子曾参同师孔子。

诸葛长青：曾点、曾参父子二人同拜孔子为师，都勤奋好学，都名列著名的七十二贤之中。他们是我们读书研学的榜样。

曾子倡导以“孝恕忠信”为核心的儒家思想，“修齐治平”的为政观，“内省慎独”的修养观，“以孝为本”的孝道观，至今仍具有极其宝贵的社会意义和实用价值。

曾子参与编制了《论语》、撰写《大学》、《孝经》、《曾子十篇》等作品。

周考王六年（公元前435年），去世，享年七十一岁。曾子在儒学发展史上占有重要的地位，后世尊为“宗圣”，成为配享孔庙的四配之一，仅次于孔子弟子“复圣”颜渊。

二、《大学》主要讲什么？

诸葛长青：我们经常说“修身、齐家、治国、平天下”。这句话出自哪里？就出自《大学》。

《大学》，是一篇论述儒家修身齐家治国平天下思想的哲学智慧著作。

《大学》，原是《小戴礼记》第四十二篇，是春秋战国时期曾子所作，是一部中国古代讨论教育理论的重要著作。

《大学》提出著名的“三纲八条目”：

“三纲领”：明明德、亲民、止于至善

“八条目”：格物、致知、诚意、正心、修身、齐家、治国、平天下。

诸葛长青：三纲八条目，是《大学》的主要精髓。我们要认真学习实践。

《大学》，强调修己是治人的前提，修己的目的是为了治国平天下，说明治国平天下和个人道德修养的一致性。

《大学》全文文辞简约，内涵深刻，影响深远，主要概括总结了先秦儒家道德修养理论，以及关于道德修养的基本原则和方法，对儒家从政哲学也有系统的论述，对做人、处事、治国等有深刻的启迪性。

《大学》出自《礼记》，原本是《礼记》四十九篇中的第四十二篇。

《礼记》原名《小戴礼记》，又名《小戴记》，由汉宣帝时人戴圣根据历史上遗留下来的一批佚名儒家的著作合编而成。

据断代史学家班固在“《记》百三十一篇”下自注云“七十子后学者所记也”，他认为《礼记》各篇的成书年代主要分布在战国初期至西汉初期这段时间。

三、《大学》历朝历代传播概况

诸葛长青：《大学》，透漏着深深的天地宇宙真理，包含了天地人道德思想，是一部值得永世流传的经典。

《大学》至今已流传两千多年，在中国历史上的各个时期都有其独特的学术特点、学术成就和社会地位。

1.汉唐时期

汉唐时期，《大学》一直从属于《礼记》。尽管《大学》没有从《礼记》中独立出来，但是，西汉的董仲舒、东汉的郑玄、唐代的孔颖达和韩愈，他们对《大学》的传承与发展作出了重要贡献，影响了《大学》的学术地位。

诸葛长青研究发现：汉武帝刘彻、唐太宗李世民，都是儒家思想推崇者、实践者，为儒学传播发挥重要作用。

（1）董仲舒提出“罢黜百家、独尊儒术”，对《大学》的贡献主要在于将儒家经学由民间思想提升到国家最高高度，开启了儒学成为官学、显学和国学的始点。（诸葛长青备注：董仲舒，公元前179年－前104年，广川、今河北省景县广川大董故庄村人，西汉哲学家。汉景帝时任博士，讲授《公羊春秋》。汉武帝元光元年（前134），汉武帝下诏征求治国方略，董仲舒在著名的《举贤良对策》中把儒家思想与当时的社会需要相结合，并吸收了其他学派的理论，创建了一个以儒学为核心的新的思想体系，深得汉武帝的赞赏，系统地提出了“天人感应”、“大一统”学说和“诸不在六艺之科、孔子之术者，皆绝其道，勿使并进”、“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”的主张被汉武帝所采纳，使儒学成为中国社会正统思想，影响长达两千多年。其学以儒家宗法思想为中心，杂以阴阳五行说，把神权、君权、父权、夫权贯穿在一起，形成帝制神学体系。

（2）汉末大经学家郑玄（山东人）将西汉后期流传的各种《礼记》抄本，相互校对，并作注解，使得《礼记》大行于世，并流传至今。他的著作《三礼注》中《礼记·大学》是现今可考的最早的《大学》研究著述。

（3）孔颖达解读《大学》，重点强调“诚意”的关键性作用。他将《大学》文本分为两大段，为朱熹将《大学》分为经、传两部分做好了铺垫。（诸葛长青备注：孔颖达，574—648年，字冲远，一作仲达、冲澹，冀州衡水、今河北省衡水市人。唐初经学家、秦王府十八学士之一，孔子第31世孙）

（4）韩愈把“仁义”定为“道”的根本，并以《大学》为依据，提出了“正心一诚意一修身一齐家一治国一平天下”的儒家道德的修炼路径。他在《原道》中引用《大学》“古之欲明明德于天下者”来证明和张扬儒家道统，并把《大学》《孟子》《易经》视做同等重要的“经书”，提高了《大学》在儒家道统中的地位。

诸葛长青备注：韩愈是唐代古文运动的倡导者，被后人尊为“唐宋八大家”之首，与柳宗元并称“韩柳”，有“文章巨公”和“百代文宗”之名。后人将其与柳宗元、欧阳修和苏轼合称“千古文章四大家”。

2.宋代时期

诸葛长青：宋代是儒学规范化重要阶段。

经北宋程颢、程颐竭力尊崇，南宋朱熹又作《大学章句》，最终和《中庸》《论语》《孟子》并称“四书”。

诸葛长青：宋代、元代，《大学》是文人必读经典。宋、元以后，《大学》成为学校官定的教科书和科举考试的必读书，对中国古代教育产生了极大的影响。

（1）程颢[hào]、程颐[yí]，将《诗》《书》《礼》《易》《春秋》称作“大经”，将《大学》《中庸》《论语》《孟子》称作“小经”，并继续尊崇儒家经学的正统地位，认为“大学，孔氏之遗书，而初学入德之门也。”

诸葛长青备注：程颢、程颐，是兄弟俩，程颢比程颐大一岁，古今以来，弟兄俩能同时精通儒学十分罕见。程颢（1032年2月28日—1085年7月9日），男，字伯淳，号明道，世称“明道先生”。出生于武汉市黄陂区、河南府洛阳（今河南洛阳）人。北宋理学家、教育家，理学的奠基者，“洛学”代表人物。程颐（1033年9月11日—1107年10月5日），字正叔，世居中山，后徙为河南府洛阳（今河南省洛阳市）人，世称伊川先生，北宋理学家、教育家。为程颢之胞弟。历官汝州团练推官、西京国子监教授。元祐元年（1086年）除秘书省校书郎，授崇政殿说书。

（2）朱熹将《大学》从《礼记》中抽取出来，为《大学》《中庸》做章句，为《论语》《孟子》做集注，把它们编在一起，做《四书章句集注》，经此，《大学》与《中庸》《论语》《孟子》合称为“四书”，并被确立“四书之首”的地位。自宋以后，《大学》成为科举考试科目的钦定科目。

诸葛长青备注：朱熹（1130年10月18日－1200年4月23日），字元晦，又字仲晦，号晦庵，晚称晦翁。祖籍徽州府婺源县（今江西省婺源），生于南剑州尤溪（今属福建省尤溪县）。中国南宋时期理学家、思想家、哲学家、教育家、诗人。

3.元明清时期

（1）元代：元仁宗重视儒家思想，于皇庆二年（1313年）十一月颁布“考试程序”，明确规定《大学》《中庸》《论语》《孟子》用朱熹《四书章句集注》作为科举用书。

诸葛长青研究发现，元仁宗十分重视儒家思想，他亲自主持第一次文人进士考试，山东安丘的张起岩成为第一个汉人状元，后来成为一品大员，协助元仁宗，加大儒家思想传播。

（2）明代：明代是中国科举制度的鼎盛时期，规定乡试、会试头场必考八股文，而八股文以四书五经中的经文做题目，故大多读书人往往倾注一生，研读四书五经和八股文，使《大学》在儒家学说中的地位更加显赫。

（3）清代复兴汉学，《大学》地位依然重要。

诸葛长青研究发现，清朝顺治皇帝、康熙皇帝、乾隆皇帝等都是儒学大家，精通四书五经，为《大学》传播发挥重要作用。

4.现代当代

台湾将《大学》列入普通高中必修课纲。

《大学》成为部分高校相关专业本科生必修课。

《大学》成为部分高校相关专业博士生必修课。

《大学》在民间广泛传播。学习形式呈现多样化，国学经典地位依然稳固。

诸葛长青研究发现，在民间《大学》成为国学爱好者喜爱的经典。

5.《大学》历代版本

《礼记》注释本（最古老），汉熹平石经本

魏正始石经本，程颢改本，程颐改本，朱熹《大学章句》本（最通行），王柏改本，季本改本，高攀龙改本，崔铣改本，葛寅亮改本。

诸葛长青：当今中国，很多大学专家教授、民间学者，通过讲课、写文章、办论坛、组建书院、出版《大学》著作、制作语音视频等方式，为《大学》传播发挥了重要作用。

中华文化源远流长。

愿我们每个人都重视传播国学传统文化，让国学传统文化继续发挥巨大作用。

（本文参考选用《大学》网络资料）

学习圣贤，弘扬善德。

振兴中华，造福世界。

诸恶莫作，众善奉行。

诸葛长青，祝你成功！

（诸葛长青邮箱：zhuge8031@163.com）

（转发请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

(This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

Selected Articles in Previous Periods

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往期精选文章

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1The wisdom of traditional Chinese culture changes the destiny: filial piety to parents+five in one+self-improvement

1 国学智慧改命运：孝敬父母+五合一+自强不息

2Zhuge Changqing's Three Golden Keys to Changing Destiny

2诸葛长青改命运三把金钥匙诸葛长青施食仪轨 （十五步简洁版）

3Zhuge Changqing's Greeting Ritual (15 Steps Concise Version)

3 诸葛长青施食仪轨 （十五步简洁版）

4How to repent: the ritual of repentance and the method of repentance (full version)

4   如何忏悔：忏悔仪轨忏悔方法（完整版）

5How to read the Dizang Sutra: Methods for reciting Dizang Sutra (complete version)

5 如何念地藏经：念地藏经仪轨方法（完整版）

6How to release? The ritual of releasing life

6怎样放生？放生仪轨

7Zhuge Changqing's Repentance Culture: A Case Study of Repentance Methods for Changing Destiny

7诸葛长青忏悔文化：改变命运忏悔方法案例

8Free Life Culture: Free Life Culture in Ancient China

8放生文化：中国古代的放生文化

9Shocking photo of feeding: Buddha, Bodhisattva and Dharma Protector come to the scene

9施食震撼照片：佛菩萨护法神亲临现场

10Feeding Rite Return: the return is changed to simple return

10施食仪轨回向：回向修改为简洁回向