The third secret of changing fate: do good deeds and accumulate virtue, and the fate will be better

改变命运秘密之三：行善积德命运变好

To do good and accumulate virtue is like saving money in a bank. It needs patience, confidence and perseverance.

----Zhuge Changqing

"The Secret of Changing Destiny II: Three Methods of Correcting Mistakes (Figure)" describes Mr. Fan's method of correcting mistakes, which can correct mistakes in this life, and naturally good life will not become bad life; But we cannot turn bad life into good life.

Because although this life has not committed any fault or sin, it is unknown whether there has been any fault or sin in the previous life. If it has been committed in the previous life, it will not be committed in this life; However, the crimes committed in the previous life should still be punished.

Zhuge Changqing: To completely change the fate, we must stop evil and do good deeds. Because everyone's experience is different, so is the cause and effect of good and evil. To do good deeds and accumulate virtue is not only to accumulate good fortune in this life, but also to eliminate the obstacles for many generations.

So what can we do to turn bad life into good life? This is not only to correct, but also to accumulate good and virtue, so as to eliminate the sin created in the previous life. The accumulation of good deeds can naturally turn bad life into good life, and can prove its effectiveness!

[The first person who has accumulated virtue in China is the Confucius Sage in Shandong Province, who has survived for generations

The Book of Changes says that a family with good intentions will have many happy things.

For example, a former family surnamed Yan would marry his daughter to Confucius' father; He mentioned all the things that the Kongs had done; I feel that the virtues accumulated by the ancestors of the Confucius family are many and lasting; Therefore, it is predicted that the descendants of the Confucius family will be prosperous in the future. Later, Confucius was born.

In addition, Confucius praised Shun's filial piety, which was extraordinary filial piety. Confucius said: "Great filial piety like Shun, not only the ancestors should enjoy his sacrifice;"; And his descendants from generation to generation can keep his good fortune and will not fall. The State of Chen in the Spring and Autumn Period is the offspring of Shun, which proves that Shun's descendants have flourished for a long time. These are all very true statements!

Now I will prove the merit of good deeds with real events in the past. There is a man who has been a junior teacher. His surname is Yang Mingrong. He is from Jianning, Fujian Province. His family has made a living by ferry for generations. Once, it rained too long, and the stream was full of water. The water was surging and crashing, and the houses were washed away. The drowned people continued to flow down along the water. Other ships went to catch all kinds of goods floating in the water. Only the great-grandfather and grandfather of the young division went to save the victims floating in the water. They didn't catch any of the goods. The villagers laughed at them as fools. When the father of the young teacher was born, his family became more and more prosperous.

A fairy turned into a Taoist and said to the father of the young teacher, "Your grandfather and father have accumulated a lot of yin skills. The offspring should be developed and become senior officials.". You can bury your father somewhere. The father of the young teacher listened and buried his grandfather and father at the place designated by the Taoist priest.

Zhuge Changqing: People who do good deeds and accumulate virtue will accumulate yin and move the world. Heaven will also help him realize his rich and noble life.

This grave is now known as the White Rabbit Tomb. Later, Shaoshi was born, and at the age of 20, he became a Jinshi.

Be an official all the time, and be a junior teacher in the Three Officials. The emperor also granted his great-grandfather, grandfather and father the same position as the young teacher. Moreover, the descendants of Shaoshi are very prosperous, and there are still many wise and capable people.

[Young master Yang! Young master Yang, my grandfather and great-grandfather accumulated yin and virtue! They accumulated yin and virtue; when the flood came, they only saved people and didn't take any property. Others laughed at me as a fool. Who knows that fools enjoy great happiness! Enjoy great happiness!]

Yang Zizhen, a native of Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, initially worked as a bookseller in the county government and was very kind; And abide by the law and do things fairly; At that time, the county magistrate was strict and upright. Once he hit a prisoner by accident, until the blood fell to the ground, but the county magistrate was still angry; Yang knelt down and pleaded with the magistrate for the prisoner, asking the magistrate to forgive the prisoner. The magistrate said, "There is nothing you can't relax your plea, but this prisoner, who does not obey the law and violates the principle, can't teach people not to be angry!"!

Yang Zizhen kowtowed and said: "There is no right or wrong in the court. Politics is dark, corrupt and corrupt. People's hearts have been lost for a long time. If the truth is found in the interrogation case, we should still feel sad for them. Pity them for being unreasonable and mistaking the law. We should not be happy because we have found the case.". If you are happy, you may neglect the case and make mistakes. If he is angry, he is afraid that the prisoner will not be able to bear the beating, and he will confess reluctantly, which is easy to be wronged. Since joy is not enough, how can you get angry?

The magistrate was very moved when he heard Yang Zizhen's words. His face immediately calmed down and he was no longer angry! When it comes to Yang Zizhen's family, he is very poor; But although he was poor, he would not accept anything given to him. When prisoners were short of food, he often used many methods to get some rice to relieve them. One day, a few new prisoners came. They had nothing to eat and were very hungry. His own family also happened to owe rice. If it is given to prisoners, their families will not have to eat. If he only cares about his own food, the prisoner is very hungry and has no choice, so he will consult with his wife. His wife asked him, "Where did the prisoner come from?"? From Hangzhou. I was starving along the way, and my face was so hungry that I didn't have any blood; Like a green and yellow dish, it can almost be held up with your hands.

Therefore, the couple used some rice they had saved to cook porridge for the new prisoners. Then they gave birth to two sons, the eldest named Shou Chen and the youngest named Shou Site. As officials, they have been serving as the waitresses of the southern and northern official departments. The eldest grandson became the waiter of the Ministry of Punishment. The little grandson is also an inspector in Sichuan. Two sons and two grandchildren are famous ministers; Today, there are two celebrities, Chu Ting and De Zheng, both descendants of Yang Zizhen.

[Prisoners are suffering! Prisoners are suffering, that is, they are in prison and starving, and their hearts are miserable. Nobody knows. Yang Shuban is kind-hearted, the husband and wife work together to help prisoners, and the family of good deeds is more than happy

In the orthodox years of Yingzong in the Ming Dynasty, a bandit leader named Deng Maoqi rebelled in Fujian. Many scholars and ordinary people in Fujian followed him in rebellion. The emperor used Zhang Kai, a native of Yinxian who had served as the imperial envoy of the capital, to hunt them down. Zhang Duxian caught Deng Maoqi with a trick. Later, Zhang Duxian sent Xie Dushi, a member of the Fujian Chief Political Officer, to search and catch the remaining bandits, and kill them if they are caught; But Xie refused to kill indiscriminately for fear of killing the wrong person. He searched everywhere for the list of people who were attached to the bandits, and found out those who were not attached to the bandits and did not have their names in the list. He secretly gave them a white cloth flag and promised them that on the day when the officers and soldiers of the search gang arrived, he would put the white cloth flag at his own door, indicating that it was an innocent people's house, and forbid the officers and soldiers from killing indiscriminately. There are about 10000 people who have avoided being killed because of such measures. Later, Xie Qian, the son of Xie Dushi, won the first prize and became the prime minister. Moreover, his grandson Xie Pi, who also won the prize of Tanhua, was the third place Jinshi.

[General, if you don't kill indiscriminately, future generations will surely send it! You must send it, thank you for everything, be merciful, and live a whole life of ten thousand people, Son Son Chang! Son Son Son Son Chang!]

In the Lin family in Putian County, Fujian Province, one of their elders liked to do good deeds and often used rice flour to make dough for the poor. As long as someone asked her, she would give it immediately, and she didn't show any annoyance on her face. There was a fairy who became a Taoist and asked her for six or seven dough every morning.

The old lady gave him this kind of charity every day for three years. She was not tired of it. The fairy knew her sincerity in doing good deeds and said to her, "How can I repay you for eating your dough for three years?"? Well, there is a piece of land behind your house. If you are buried on this land after death, there will be as many as a liter of pockmarks in the future.

Zhuge Changqing: If you continue to do good, you will accumulate continuous merits.

Later, the old lady died, and her son buried the old lady according to the fairy's instructions. The first generation of the sons of the Lins who issued Kejia was nine. From generation to generation, there were many people who were high-ranking officials. Therefore, there is a saying in Fujian Province: 'If no one surnamed Lin goes to the exam, he can't be ranked.' The rumors. It means that there are many people in the Lin family who can pass the exam, so when it comes to the list, there will be no one named Lin on the list. There are many people who say that the Lin family has great achievements.

[The old lady of the Lin family likes to do good deeds. She often makes rice flour into dough and gives it to people to eat and give it to people to eat! She is sincere in giving, and the immortals are also moved. She repays the old lady, and the descendants of the officials and nobles a lot!]

When he was a scholar in the county school, Feng Zhuoan's father met a man who fell in the snow on the way to the county school in the early morning of a very cold winter.

Mr. Feng immediately took off his leather robe and put it on for him; He also helped him to his home and woke him up. After Mr. Feng saved people, he had a dream. In the dream, he saw a god who told him: "You saved people's lives from a sincere heart, so I want to send Han Qi to your home to be your son.".

Zhuge Changqing: Saving one's life is better than building a seven-level pagoda. It has great merits.

When Zhuoan was born later, he was named Feng Qi. Because he was reincarnated by Han Qi, a wise and capable prime minister of the Song Dynasty.

[Father Feng, you are kind-hearted and save lives! You have high merits; saving lives with sincerity is better than building the Seven Fautu! Seven Fautu.]

In Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, there was a Shangshu Ying Dayou who studied in the mountains in his prime. At night, ghosts often gathered together to frighten people. Only Ying Gong was not afraid of ghosts. One night, Ying Gong heard a ghost say: There was a woman who had not come back for a long time because her husband was away from home. Her mother-in-law judged that her son might have died, so she forced the woman to remarry; But the woman was strict and refused to remarry. So tomorrow night, she will hang here. I can find a substitute. Those who are hanged or drowned cannot be reborn without a substitute, so they are called a substitute for the dead.

When Ying Gong heard these words, he was moved to save people. He secretly sold his field for four taels of silver, and immediately wrote a letter to entrust her husband; And write a letter explaining the matter of sending the money home. After reading the letter, the stranger's parents suspected that the letter was false because the handwriting was not like it. But then they said, "Letters can be fake, but silver can't be fake!"! It must be his son who is safe to send the silver back.

After they think so, they will no longer force their daughter-in-law to remarry. Later, when their son came back, the couple was saved and lived well, just as they did when they got married. The next night, Ying Gong heard the ghost say again: I could have found a substitute. That's because this scholar ruined my business.

A ghost nearby said: Hello! Why don't you kill him?

The ghost said, "The Emperor of Heaven has sent him to be the Book of Yin and Virtue because he has a good heart and has Yin and Virtue. How can I harm him?"?

After hearing what the two ghosts said, Ying Gong worked harder and more intently. He did good deeds day by day, and his merits increased day by day; In times of famine, I always donate rice to save people; When his relatives are in urgent need, he must try his best to help them through the difficulties; When confronted with unreasonable people or unpleasant things, they will always reflect on themselves, blame themselves for their mistakes, and accept the facts calmly. Because Ying Gong was able to behave like this, his descendants still have a lot of fame and official positions!

[People who drown! People who are hanged need to find a double! They need to find a double, so they are called substitute for the dead! Substitute for the dead!]

There is a Mr. Xu Fengzhu in Changshu County, Jiangsu Province. His father is already very rich. When he encountered a famine, he donated all the land rent he received as an example for the people who have land in the county. At the same time, he divided his own rice to help the poor. One night, he heard a group of ghosts singing at the door: "Don't tell a thousand lies, don't tell a thousand lies. Xu Xiucai is about to be a famous scholar!"!

[Thousands of people don't lie, and thousands of people don't lie. The scholar of the Xu family, be a scholar! Be a scholar.]

Those ghosts keep calling, night and night. This year, Xu Fengzhu went to take part in the local examination, and as expected, he passed the examination. His father was therefore more happy and worked tirelessly to do good deeds and accumulate merit; At the same time, they built bridges and paved roads, and fed their families; If you meet people who are short of rice and clothing, you will also help them; Do whatever is good for others. Later, he heard the ghost singing in front of the door: "Don't tell a thousand lies, and don't tell a thousand lies. The Xu family will be elected as an official until they are in the capital!"! As a result, Xu Fengzhu became the governor of Zhejiang and Zhejiang.

[Thousands of people do not lie, and thousands of people do not lie. The Xu family's officials do not lie. The officials do not lie.]

In Jiaxing County, Zhejiang Province, there was a man named Kang Xi, surnamed Tu, who was the chief officer in the Ministry of Punishment at first, and lived in prison at night. And after carefully questioning the prisoners, it was found that there were many people who were wronged because of their innocence; However, Duke Tu did not feel that he was meritorious. He secretly reported the matter to the court official of the Ministry of Punishment.

Later, at the autumn trial, the court officer of the Ministry of Punishment picked up some key points from the words provided by the Tu Gong and interrogated the prisoners. The prisoners all honestly confessed to the court officer, and none of them was unconvinced. Therefore, the court official released more than ten people who had been wronged and forced to confess because they could not bear the punishment.

At that time, the people in Beijing all praised the Minister of Justice for his insight. Later, Duke Tu sent another official document to the court official, saying: There are still so many wronged people at the foot of the emperor; So in a place as large as the whole country and millions of people, how can there be no one wronged? Therefore, another commutation officer should be sent to each province every five years to investigate the facts of prisoners' crimes. If they are indeed guilty, the conviction should also be fair; If the case is wronged, it should be retried, mitigated or released.

The Shang Shu played on behalf of the emperor, who also approved the method he proposed; They sent commutation officers to investigate in the provinces, and it happened that Duke Tu was also sent. One night, Duke Tu dreamed that the god of heaven told him that you had no son in your life, but because you proposed to reduce the sentence, it was in line with the heart of heaven; So God has given you three sons, who can all be great officials in the future; Wear a purple robe and a gold band. That night, Duke Tu's wife became pregnant; Later, he gave birth to three sons, Ying Xun, Ying Kun and Ying Jun, and all of them became senior officials.

[Tu Kangxi! Tu Kangxi, there is a set of punishment cases. He knows clearly that he is not greedy for meritorious deeds, and he has corrected more than ten cases of injustice. He suggests that the punishment should be reduced in accordance with the heart of heaven. He has no sons in his life, and he has three sons. All of them are high officials! Be high officials.]

There is a Jiaxing man with the surname of Bao and the name of Pei. His father was the governor of Chizhou Prefecture in Anhui Province. He has seven sons, and Baoping is the youngest. He was asked to be his son-in-law by the Yuan family in Pinghu County; My father and I are very close. He has extensive knowledge and high talent, but he failed every exam. Therefore, he paid great attention to the study of Buddhism and Taoism.

One day, he went east to visit Mao Lake, and happened to come to a village Buddhist temple. Because the house in the temple was broken, he saw the statue of Avalokitesvara, standing in the open air, and was very wet in the rain. At that time, he opened his bag and got ten taels of silver. He gave it to the abbot of the temple and asked him to repair the temple house. The monk told him that the project of building the temple was large and the silver was small. It was not enough and could not be completed.

Those scholars all told us all kinds of good and evil behaviors that people usually saw, but Monk Zhongfeng said: Not all of them are right!

Those scholars, because they said good and evil, Zhongfeng monk said they were wrong, so I asked the monk, what is good? What is evil?

Monk Zhongfeng told them that doing something beneficial to others is good; It is evil to do something beneficial to oneself. If you do something that can benefit others, even if you scold and beat others, it is also good; What is good for you is to respect others and treat others with courtesy. So what one person does for the benefit of others is public, which is true; Just thinking about the benefits you want is private, and private is false. And the good deeds emanating from conscience are true; It's just a fake. Also, if you don't ask for reward for your kindness and show no trace, then the good you do is true; But for a certain purpose, it is false to do a good deed only after trying to get something; I should carefully examine all kinds of things like this.

How is it called end song? Nowadays, people who are cautious but not stubborn call him a good man and value him very much; However, in ancient times, sages and sages preferred to appreciate those who had high aspirations and only moved forward, or those who kept their peace and would not make trouble. Because of this kind of person, they have the responsibility; If you have something to do, you can teach him to make progress.

As for those who look cautious but useless, although in the countryside, everyone likes him; But because such people are weak, drift with the tide and have no ambition, the sage must say that such people are thieves who hurt morality. In this way, what secular people say about good and evil is clearly the opposite of sage.

The common people say it is good, but the saints say it is evil; The common people say it is evil, but the saints say it is good. From this concept to various things, what laymen like or don't like is completely different from saints. Is there anything good? The heaven and earth ghosts and gods bless the good and repay the evil. They all have the same view as the saints. The sages think it is right, and the heaven and earth ghosts and gods also think it is right; The sages think it is wrong, and the ghosts and gods also think it is wrong, instead of taking the same view as the secular people. Therefore, if you want to accumulate merit and virtue, you can never be used by the sound that your ears like and the scene that your eyes like, and follow your feelings; You must wash your heart silently from the place where your mind is moving and thinking faintly. Don't let evil thoughts pollute your heart.

Zhuge Changqing: If you learn to distinguish between real good and evil, and sincerely do good and accumulate virtue, you will have immediate results.

Therefore, it is all about relieving the hearts of the world; If there is a desire to please the world, it is music. It is the heart of the lover, and it is straight; If there is a trace of resentment against the world, it is Qu; It's all about respecting others, that is, being straight; If there is a trace of playing with the hearts of the world, it is music. These should be distinguished carefully.

How is it called yin and yang? A person who does good deeds is known as Yang Shan; Doing good deeds that others don't know is called Yin and virtue.

Zhuge Changqing: Do good deeds and accumulate virtue. Don't tell outsiders. To tell others is to reveal merit and virtue. You can only get yang virtue (praise from others). Do good deeds quietly, and you will get yin and virtue, which will turn into a cosmic factor to protect this person at all times.

Heaven will naturally know and reward those who have evil morals. Everyone knows the person who is good at Yang. If you praise him, he will enjoy the good reputation in the world. Although enjoying a good reputation is also a blessing, it is a thing that is taboo by heaven and earth. Heaven and earth do not like people who love names. As long as you look at the people who enjoy great fame in the world, but they actually have no merit and can be called worthy of the reputation they enjoy, they often encounter unexpected misfortunes. A person who has no fault, but is wronged, and is wronged for no reason, his descendants will often develop suddenly. In this way, the difference between Yin virtue and Yang virtue is so subtle that it can't be ignored!

What is right and wrong? In the former Spring and Autumn Period, there was a law in the State of Lu that all people in the State of Lu were taken as slaves by other countries; If someone is willing to pay to redeem these people, they can get a reward from the government. But Zi Gong, a student of Confucius, was very rich. Although he also redeemed the captured people for others, Zi Gong refused to accept the reward from the State of Lu. He refused to accept the reward, purely to help others, with good intentions. But when Confucius heard this, he was very unhappy and said, "Zi Gong has done something wrong. No matter what sages do, they should do it to make the customs better."; We can teach and guide the people to be good people; It's not just for the sake of feeling happy and satisfied. At present, there are few rich people and many poor people in the State of Lu; If you receive a reward, you are greedy; Those who refuse to accept the name of greed and those who have little money will not go to redeem people. Only a very rich person can redeem people. If so, I'm afraid that no one will redeem people from the vassals from now on.

Zilu saw a man fall into the water and rescued him. That man sent a cow to thank Zilu, and Zilu accepted it. When Confucius learned this, he was very pleased to say that from now on, many people in the State of Lu will automatically go to the deep river to save people.

From these two things, from a secular perspective, it is good for Zigong not to accept the reward, and it is bad for Zilu to accept the cow; Unexpectedly, Confucius praised Zilu and blamed Zigong. In this way, we should know that when a person does a good deed, we should not only look at the immediate effect, but also pay attention to whether there will be a lasting disadvantage; We should not only talk about the temporary influence, but also pay attention to the long-term right and wrong; We should not only talk about personal gains and losses, but also about its influence on the world.

Although what we do now is good, if it continues to be harmful to people, it will be like good, but it is not good; What we are doing now is not good, but if it can help people if it is passed down, it will look like bad, but it is really good! This is just one thing to talk about. Speaking of other things, there are many more. For example, what a person should do is called righteousness, but sometimes, when he does what he should do, he will also do wrong.

For example, a bad man can not be lenient. If someone is lenient, it cannot be said that it is not righteous; But leniency of this bad man will make him more courageous and do more bad things; As a result, others are injured and they also commit crimes; It is better not to let him go, but to warn him, so that he will no longer sin. It is unjust not to let him go, so that he will no longer sin, and it is righteous. This is called injustice.

Politeness is what everyone should have, but we should have a sense of propriety. It is courtesy to treat people with courtesy; However, if it is excessive, it will make people proud and become disrespectful. This is called disrespect.

Although credit is important, it also depends on the situation. For example, taking into account small credit is credit; Take care of small letters, but miss big ones; On the contrary, Big Faith can't take care of everything, and it becomes non-faith, which is called non-faith faith.

Love is originally kind; But because of excessive kindness, people will be emboldened to make a big mistake, and that will become unkind. This is called merciless kindness. These problems should be judged carefully and clearly.

What is partial correction? Lu Wenyi, the former prime minister of the Ming Dynasty, just resigned his position as prime minister and returned to his hometown. Because he was honest and fair, people all over the country admired him, just as mountains surrounded Mount Tai and stars surrounded the Big Dipper. Only one countryman, drunk, scolded Duke Lu. However, Duke Lu was not angry at being scolded by him, and said to his servant, "This man is drunk. Don't argue with him.".

Duke Lu closed the door and ignored him. After a year, this man committed a capital crime and was sent to prison. Duke Lu said regretfully: If we had been arguing with him at that time and sent him to the government for punishment, we could have received the effect of a big warning by small punishment, and he would not have committed a capital crime. I just wanted to be kind, so I let him go gently; That is to say, instead, he has developed the vicious nature of a desperado who is not afraid of everything. He thought it was no big deal to scold the prime minister, until he committed a deadly crime and died. This is an example of being kind and doing evil.

There are also examples of nausea and doing good deeds. Like a very rich family, in a famine year, the poor snatch rice in the market in broad daylight; The rich man told the magistrate; However, the county magistrate did not accept the case, so the poor people were more daring and more reckless. So the rich family secretly caught the rice snatcher and shut him up, making him ugly. Those rice snatchers, afraid of the rich family catching him, settled down and stopped robbing. If it weren't for this, the market would be in chaos. So good is right and evil is biased, which is known to all. But there are also examples of good intentions and doing evil things instead.

This is that although the intention is right, the result becomes biased, which can only be called the deviation of the right; However, there are also examples of people who are disgusted and do good deeds instead. This is because the intention is biased, but the result is positive; We can't help knowing this truth. How to call the half-full good? The Book of Changes says: A person who does not accumulate good will not achieve good reputation; If you don't accumulate evil, you won't kill yourself.

The book says: The sin of the Shang Dynasty is as full as a string of money; It is as if the collection is filled with a container.

The book says: The sin of the Shang Dynasty is as full as a string of money; It is as if the collection is filled with a container.

If you are diligent and save every day, you will be full one day.

Zhuge Changqing: Doing good deeds and accumulating virtue is like saving money in a bank. The more you save, the more you get.

From the founding of the Shang Dynasty to the King of Zhou, its faults and sins accumulated at that time, so the country quickly perished. If you are lazy and don't collect, you won't be full.

The saying of accumulating good and evil is also like storing things. This is a way of saying that half good is full of good.

Once upon a time, there was a woman from a family who went to the Buddhist temple and wanted to send some money to the temple. Unfortunately, she didn't have much money on her, only two wen, so she gave it to the monk. The chief monk in the temple actually turned back to the Buddha for her and asked for repentance. Later, the woman entered the imperial palace and became a concubine. After she became rich, she brought thousands of liang of silver to the temple to give alms. But the master monk just asked his disciple to return for the woman. The woman didn't understand the previous and second handouts. Why is the treatment so different? He asked the master monk, "I used to give only two pennies, so Shifu repented for me.". Now I have given thousands of liang of silver, but Shifu doesn't return for me. I don't know why?

The master monk replied to her, "Although the money you gave was small, your heart of giving was very sincere and pious. So if the old monk repented for you personally, it would not be enough to repay your merits."; Although there is a lot of money to give now, your heart to give is not as sincere as before, so it is enough to ask someone to repent on your behalf. This is the donation of thousands of silver, which is only half good; However, the donation of two wen is considered to be full of kindness. Here is the reason.

Also, Zhong Li of the Han Dynasty passed on his method of refining pills to Lv Dongbin. If he put the pills on the iron, they can be turned into gold, which can be used to help the poor in the world. Lv Dongbin asked Zhong Li, "If gold is changed, will it change back to iron?"?

Zhong Li replied, "Five hundred years later, we will still change back to the original iron.".

Lv Dongbin added, "This will harm people in five hundred years. I don't want to do such things.".

Zhong Li taught Lv Dongbin to turn iron into gold, just to try his heart. Now I know that Lv Dongbin is kind-hearted, so I said to him, "To cultivate immortals, you should accumulate 3000 merits. Listen to your words, your 3000 merits have been completed.".

This is another way of saying that half good is full of good. When a person does a good deed, he should not dwell on it in his heart, as if he has done a wonderful good deed; If you can do this, then whatever good you do can be successful and complete. If you do a good deed, you should keep it in mind; Although I have been diligent in doing good things all my life, it is only half good.

For example, if you take money to help people, you should not see the person who is giving, the person who is receiving, and the money who is giving. This is called the sanchakra body empty, also called the pure heart. If we can do this kind of charity, even if it is only a bucket of rice, we can plant boundless blessings; Even if you give a penny, you can eliminate the crime caused by a thousand robberies. If this heart can't forget the good deeds it has done; Although 200000 taels of gold were used to help others, they still could not get a complete blessing. This is another statement.

How is it called great good and small good? Once upon a time, there was a man named Wei Zhongda, who was an official in the Imperial Academy. Once a ghost led his soul to the underworld. The chief judge of the underworld ordered the book office under his command to send up two kinds of brochures of good and evil deeds he had done in the underworld. When the brochures were sent to us, we found that there were so many brochures of his evil deeds that they were spread all over the yard; The pamphlet of charity is just as small as a chopsticks. The presiding judge also ordered the scales to be taken to weigh the scales. The evil brochures spread all over the yard were lighter, while the good brochures with small volumes like chopsticks were heavier. Wei Zhongda asked, "I am less than 40 years old. How can I commit so many sins?"?

The chief judge said: As long as an idea is not right, it is a sin. Don't wait until you commit it. For example, if you see a woman and have a bad idea, it is a crime.

Therefore, Wei Zhongda asked what was recorded in the book. The chief judge said: The emperor once wanted to build a big project, build a stone bridge in Sanshan. You advised the emperor not to repair it so as not to waste money. This is your memorial manuscript.

Wei Zhongda said: Although I said it, but the emperor didn't listen, he still started work. It didn't work. How can this list have such power?

The chief judge said: Although the emperor did not listen to your suggestion, your idea is to exempt thousands of people from labor; If the emperor listens to you, the power of good will be even greater!

Therefore, if we are determined to do good deeds with the purpose of benefiting the people of all countries, then even if the good deeds are small, their merits are great. If you only want to benefit yourself, there are many good deeds, but the merit is very small.

How can we call the good that is difficult to do and easy to do? Once upon a time, learned scholars said that to restrain their selfish desires, we should first remove the places that are difficult to remove.

Fan Chi, a disciple of Confucius, asked Confucius what he called benevolence? Confucius also said that we should work hard in difficult places first.

Confucius said that it is difficult to get rid of selfishness; We should start from the most difficult and difficult areas. It must be like an old Mr. Shu in Jiangxi who taught at other people's home, helped a poor family with his salary of two years, repaid the money they owed to the public, and avoided the tragedy of their separation.

It is also like Mr. Zhang in Handan County, Hebei Province, who saw a poor man mortgage his wife and children and use the money; If there is no money to redeem, I'm afraid my wife and children will not live. So he gave up his ten years' savings and redeemed his wife and children for the poor man. Like Mr. Shu and Mr. Zhang, they are in the most difficult position. Others are not easy to give up. They can give up!

It is also like an old Mr. Jin in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province. Although he is old and has no son, his poor neighbor is willing to give him a young daughter as a concubine and give him a son. But the old man Jin could not bear to miss her youth, so he refused and returned the woman to the neighbor. This is very difficult to bear, and can bear it! Therefore, the blessings bestowed on them by God are also very rich.

[There are truth and falsehood in good, there are some ends, there are yin and yang, there are right and wrong, and there are half full of size. It is difficult to discern, and it is difficult to discern!]

It is easier for those who are rich and powerful to achieve some merit than ordinary people, but it is easy to do it, but they are unwilling to do it, which is called self abandonment; The poor people who have no money and no power will have a lot of difficulties to do if they want to do some good things. This is really valuable! When dealing with people and things, we should do the work of relieving people when we encounter opportunities.

Zhuge Changqing: The following ten kinds of good deeds can be done actively, and the rewards are great.

However, it is not easy to relieve people. There are many kinds of relief. In short, there are about ten important items:

First, be kind to others. When I see that others have a little kindness, I will help them to increase their kindness. When others do good deeds, if their strength is not enough and they can't succeed, I will help them and make them succeed. This is all about being kind to others.

Second, love and respect. Compared with me, people with good knowledge, old age and high seniority should be respected. Compared with me, people who are young, have low seniority and are in poor conditions should be taken care of.

Third, the beauty of becoming a person. For example, if a person wants to do a good deed and has not yet decided, he should be advised to do it with all his heart. When others do good deeds, they encounter obstacles; If you can't succeed, you should think of ways to guide him and persuade him to make him succeed; Don't be jealous to destroy him.

The fourth is to persuade others to be good. When encountering a person who does evil, you should persuade him to do evil. There is no way to do evil. When encountering a person who is unwilling to do good, or only willing to do some small good, we should persuade him to do good. Good deeds not only need to be done, but also need to be done more. Do it big.

Fifth, it is critical to save people. Most people like to add the icing on the cake, but lack the spirit of providing timely help; When others are at the most dangerous, difficult and urgent juncture; It can be said that you can give him a helping hand in time, give him a hand and help him to solve the crisis, which can be said to be invaluable, but you can't be proud of it!

Sixth, the construction of Dali. It is natural for people with great power to do things with great interests. Since a person has great power, he should do things with great interests to benefit the public. For example, building water conservancy systems, relieving major disasters, etc. But people without great power can do it. For example, a small hole was found on the river embankment, and water came out of the hole. As long as the small hole was blocked with some soil and small stones, the embankment could be saved and the flood could be prevented. Although things are small, this effect cannot be ignored.

The seventh is to give up wealth for blessings. As the saying goes, if people die for money, the hearts of the world always love money. It is too late to ask for money. Are you willing to give up money to help others? Therefore, we can give up our money to eliminate others' disasters and solve others' crises; It is not simple for an ordinary person, but even more remarkable for the poor. For example, in terms of cause and effect, 'give up, give up, give up is what you get.'‘ Can't give up, can't give up, can't give up. '; Do a good deed and you will get a good reward. So don't worry that we will end our life by giving up money to save others.

The eighth is to protect the Dharma. This kind of law refers to the laws of various religions. Religion has right and evil, and law has right and evil. The evil law of cult is the most harmful to people's heart, and should be prohibited naturally. The Dharma with right knowledge and right view is the easiest way to persuade people and restore good customs. If someone destroys, we must protect and maintain it with all our strength. Don't let him destroy it.

Ninth, respect your elders. Those who have deep knowledge, good knowledge, high position, large seniority and old age are called elders. We should respect them and not underestimate them.

The tenth is to cherish things and lives. Everything that has life is as small as an ant; They are also conscious, aware of pain, and are also greedy for life and afraid of death. We should pity them. How can we kill and eat indiscriminately? Some people often say that these things are meant to be eaten. These words are the most unreasonable, and they are all created by greedy people.

The ten kinds mentioned above are only general descriptions.

The following are examples and metaphors: What is good to others? Shun of the former Yu Dynasty, before he became a monarch, saw young and vigorous fishermen at the edge of Leize Lake, and all picked the depths of the lake to catch fish; The old and weak fishermen catch fish in places where the water is fast and shallow.

The current is fast, the fish can't stop, the shallow water is small, and the fish are also relatively small. The fish are swimming there, and it is easier to catch. Those young and vigorous fishermen have occupied all the good places.

When Shun saw this situation, he felt sad and pitiful for them. He thought of a way to catch fish himself. When he saw those who liked to snatch, he covered up their mistakes and didn't tell the outside world; Seeing the more modest fishermen, they praised them everywhere, took them as an example, and learned from them. Like this, Shun caught fish for a year, and everyone let out the place with plenty of fish in the water.

Shun's story is only used to persuade people to catch fish. You should know that catching fish is a crime of killing animals. You must not do it! So can a wise sage like Shun say a few pertinent words to enlighten people, but must participate in it? You should know that Shun did not use words to educate others, but set himself as an example, which made people feel ashamed and changed their selfish psychology. This is really a well-intentioned person, and it took a lot of effort!

We were born in a time when people's customs were corrupted and the world was ended. It is not easy to be a man; Therefore, other people are not as good as me. Can't you outshine others with your own strengths? Others have bad things. You can't compare your own good with others. Other people are not as capable as me. You can't use your own ability to embarrass others. Even if you have talent and intelligence, you should be restrained. You should not show off. It should be like you have no talent. It depends on their intelligence and ability.

If you see someone else's fault, just cover it up for him. Like this, on the one hand, it can give him a chance to reform, on the other hand, it can make him have scruples and dare not be reckless. If he tore his face, he would have no scruples.

See that others have some small strengths, which can be learned, or have small kindness, which can be remembered; They should immediately turn over, put down their own opinions and learn from his strong points; And praise him and spread it widely for him. In ordinary life, no matter what you say or do, you should not initiate a selfish idea for yourself; It is only for the sake of the public to imagine and set up a rule so that the public can abide by it. This is a great man who regards everything in the world as a measure of public rather than private!

What is love and respect? A gentleman and a villain are often confused from their appearance, and can't tell the true from the false. Because villains pretend to be hypocrites and hypocrites. But this is intentional. A gentleman is good and a villain is evil. They are far from each other. Their differences are like black and white, which are absolutely different. So Mencius said: What makes a gentleman different from ordinary people is their intention!

The heart of a gentleman is only the heart of love and respect. For although there are close, distant, noble, humble, intelligent, stupid, moral, and indecent people, there are thousands of different kinds; But these are all our compatriots, who have life, blood, flesh and feelings like us. Which one should not love him and respect him? To love others is to love sages. To understand what people mean is to understand what sages mean. Why?

Because sages and sages originally hoped that people in the world could live and work in peace and contentment and lead a happy life. Therefore, we can love and respect people everywhere, and make everyone in the world safe and happy. That is to say, we can replace sages and make everyone in the world safe and happy.

What is the beauty of becoming a man? For example, if you throw away a stone with jade inside it, then the stone with jade inside is just as worthless as tile and gravel. If it is well carved and polished, this stone will become a very precious treasure Guizhang.

The same is true of a person, who also relies on persuasion and guidance; So if you see someone else doing a good deed, or if he is determined to make progress, and his qualifications are enough to cultivate; We should guide him well, promote him, and make him a useful material in society; Or praise him, encourage him and support him; If someone wrongs him, he can defend his grievance and share the malicious slander for him without reason. He can try to replace him, replace the fact that he was slandered, and reduce the slander he suffered. This is called slander.

We must make sure that he can stand up in society, and then he can do my best. Probably ordinary people have a sense of disgust towards people of different types, such as villains hate gentlemen and villains hate good people.

People in the same village are less good and more bad. Because there are many bad people and few good people, good people are in the secular world, often bullied by evil people, and it is difficult to stand on their feet. Moreover, most of the heroes are upright and unyielding, and do not pay attention to the decoration of the appearance. The secular vision is not high, only look at the appearance, say long and short, and criticize casually; So it is often easy to fail in doing good deeds, and good people are often slandered.

In this case, only the benevolent elders can correct those who are evil and unjust, teach and guide them to correct, protect and help the virtuous, and make them established; It is the greatest merit to ward off evil and show integrity like this.

What is persuasion? Since a person has been born in the world, who has no conscience? However, the world is so busy because of the relentless pursuit of fame and wealth. As long as there is fame and wealth to be gained, it is most likely to fall into disrespect and do it by unscrupulous means. So when dealing with others, you should always pay attention to this person. If you see that he is going to fall, you should remind him at any time and place, warn him, and develop his confusion.

For example, if you see him having a muddled dream in the long night, you must call him to wake him up quickly; For example, if he has been in trouble for a long time, he must be promoted to make his mind cool.

To treat people with kindness like this is the most comprehensive and extensive merit. Once upon a time, Duke Han Wengong said: "To persuade people by mouth is only for a moment. When things are over, they will forget."; And people elsewhere can't hear. Persuading people with books can spread to hundreds of generations and the world; Therefore, there is great merit in making a good book.

Here, we say to persuade people to be good with words and words. Compared with the former, we pay more attention to the traces of form, but this kind of medicine to the case often has special effects; This method cannot be abandoned.

And you should also persuade people properly. For example, this person is too stubborn to use words to persuade. If you use words to persuade, it will not only be vain, but also become nonsense. This is called a slip of tongue. If this person is docile, you can use words to persuade him, but you don't, and you miss the opportunity to persuade others to be good, which is called losing people. If you lose your words and people, you are not smart enough to distinguish them, so you should carefully reflect on them; Only in this way can we keep our words and people.

What is to save people from danger? Adversity is a common occurrence in one's life. If you encounter a person who is suffering or in danger occasionally, you should treat his pain as if it happened to you, and try to rescue him as soon as possible to see what he has been wronged and oppressed by others, or use words to help him explain, or use various methods to relieve his suffering. Cui Zi of the Ming Dynasty once said: "Benevolence doesn't care about size. Just go to help others when they are in danger.". This sentence is really the words of benevolent people!

What is the construction of Dali? In a small town, in a large county, anything beneficial to the public should be launched. Or open up waterways to irrigate farmland; Or building embankments to prevent floods; Either build bridges to facilitate travel and transportation, or provide tea and rice to relieve hungry and thirsty people.

Whenever there is an opportunity, we should persuade everyone to work together and pay for the construction; Even if others slander or slander you in secret; You should not do it in order to avoid suspicion, nor be afraid of hard work, or worry about others' jealousy and resentment, so you should not do it. This is not allowed.

What is giving up money for good? Among all kinds of good deeds in Buddhism, giving is the most important. When it comes to almsgiving, there is only one word of giving. Giving anything is the meaning of Buddha.

Those who really understand the truth are willing to give up anything; For example, the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, and thoughts on your body are not willing to give up. For example, the Buddha once sacrificed his life to feed tigers when practicing in different places.

The color, sound, fragrance, taste, touch and method outside the body can also be abandoned. All that a person has can't be given up. If he can, he will be clean in body and mind and free from worries, just like Buddha and Bodhisattva.

If you can't give up everything, start giving money first. People in the world regard clothing and food as important as life; Therefore, giving money is also the most important; If I can give away money painfully; Internally, it can eliminate the defects of my gadgets; Externally, it can help others in their distress.

However, money is not easy to see through. At first, it is inevitable that there will be some reluctance. As long as you are used to it, you will naturally feel comfortable, and there will be nothing to give up. This is the easiest way to eliminate your greed and selfishness, as well as your attachment to money and stinginess.

What is the Dharma? For thousands of years, Dharma has been the eye of spiritual and emotional life and the yardstick of truth; But there are both right and evil laws. If there is no right law, how can we participate in the work of helping heaven and earth to create? How can all kinds of people and things be as successful as cloth cutting and clothing? How can we get rid of the confusion of that kind and the bondage of that kind? How can we build and sort out everything in the world, and escape from this filthy world, the bitter sea of life and death? It all depends on the Dharma, and it is like having a bright road to go.

Therefore, all temples, images, classics and legacies of sages should be respected; As for the damaged and incomplete parts, they should be repaired and sorted out. When it comes to Buddhist orthodoxy, we should especially respect it and spread it, so that everyone can pay attention to it before we can report the Buddha's virtue. These are all things that we should do our best to practice.

What is respect for elders? The father and brother of the family, the king and officer of the country; And all people with high age, morality, position and insight should respect them with great piety.

To serve your parents at home, you should have a deep love for your parents and a gentle and gentle appearance; And the voice should be calm and the breath should be flat; In this way, it will become a natural good temper by continuously fuming and dyeing. This is the fundamental way for harmony to feel the heart of nature.

When you go out to serve the king, you should do everything according to the national law; Don't be ignorant of the king, you can do it at will! Whoever commits a crime, no matter whether his crime is minor or serious, should be carefully interrogated and enforce the law fairly; Don't be a king who doesn't know, and then you can bully and wronged people!

Serving the king and the king with the same respect as facing the heaven is the norm set by the ancients. This kind of place has the greatest negative relationship. You can see that all loyal and filial families, their descendants, are not underdeveloped and have a prosperous future, so we must be careful to do it.

What is cherishing life? You should know that the reason why a person can be regarded as a person is that he has this compassion. So Mencius said, "Without compassion, you are not human.".

To seek benevolence is to seek compassion; Those who accumulate virtue are those who accumulate compassion. Compassion is benevolence; Compassion is virtue. Without compassion, there is no benevolence and no morality. The Zhou ceremony once said that in the first month of each year, it is the time when animals are most likely to get pregnant. At this time, the sacrifice should not use the mother's. Because we should prevent the animals from having fetuses in their bellies.

Mencius said: A gentleman would not live near the kitchen. It is to preserve one's compassion. Therefore, there are four kinds of taboos of not eating meat. For example, if you hear an animal being killed, you will not eat it, or if you see it when it is killed, you will not eat it; Either they raised it by themselves and didn't eat it, or they killed it for me and didn't eat it. If the people of the younger generation want to learn from the kindness of the older generation, and can't stop eating meat at once, they should also abstain from eating less according to the method of the older generation.

According to Buddhism, all living things are reincarnated to be animals because of the sins of their previous lives; When their sins are over, they can still be reincarnated. If you are willing to practice, you can also become a Buddha. So the meat I eat in this life is not only the meat of the future Buddha, but also the animals of the present must have been human in the past life of the infinite; Then they may have been my parents, wife, relatives and friends in my previous life. The meat I eat today may be the meat of my parents, wife, relatives and friends in my previous life. Today, when I am a human being, it is a beast. When I eat it, I will kill it and form a grudge against it. If the animal I ate paid off its debts in the afterlife and reincarnated to be a human being, but I was reincarnated to be an animal because of killing, I'm afraid he would also revenge me for killing him and come to kill me and eat me. In this way, can we kill animals? Can meat still be eaten? Besides, even if the meat tastes good, it is only from the mouth to the throat that I still feel the taste. When I swallow it, what is the taste? What's the difference between vegetarian food and vegetable food? Why do we have to kill animals and commit crimes?

Although it is impossible to avoid meat for a while, we should gradually reduce meat consumption until we completely avoid it. In this way, his compassion will increase. Not only should we kill animals, but also those who are very small, whether stupid or spiritual, should be forbidden to harm their lives. If you want to use silk to make clothes, just put the cocoon in water and burn it. How many lives will it hurt? How many insects will be killed in digging and farming; Where do we get our clothes and food? They are all killed to feed ourselves; So the sin of spoiling food and wasting things should be equal to the sin of killing animals. I don't know how many lives are injured by accident and died by stepping on foot. We should try to prevent them. Su Dongpo of the Song Dynasty said in a poem: "Love the mouse and keep the rice, love the moth and don't light the lamp.".

It means: I'm afraid the rats will starve to death, so I'll save some food for them; Pitifully, the moth rushed to the lamp and burned to death, so the lamp didn't light. How kind and compassionate this is!

There is no end to good deeds; As long as the ten things mentioned above are promoted and carried forward, countless merits and virtues will be completed.

行善积德，好像银行存钱，越积越多，需要耐心、信心、恒心。

---- 诸葛长青

 　《改变命运秘密之二：修正过失三方法（图）》所讲了凡先生的改过方法，能够把今生的过失改掉，自然好命就不会变成坏命了；但是还不能把坏命变成好命。

   因为这一生虽然不犯过失造罪孽，但是前世有没有犯过失，造罪孽，却不知道，若是前世已经犯，这一世虽然不再犯；但是前世所犯的罪过，还是要受报应。

   诸葛长青：要彻底改变命运，就必须止恶行善，多做善事。因为每个人的累世经历不一样，所以善恶因果也不一样。行善积德，不仅为了这一世积累福报，更重要的是为了消除累世业障。

   那么要怎么样做才能使坏命转成好命呢？这不但要改过，还要积善、积德，才可以把前世所造的罪孽消去。善事积多了，自然能转坏命成好命，并且可以证明它的效验！

　　【中国积德第一人，就数山东孔圣人，世代子孙都不衰呀！都不衰，七十三代孔德成呀！孔德成。】

　　易经上说：积善的家庭，一定会有很多福份喜庆的事。

   例如，从前姓颜的人家，要把他的女儿，许配给孔子的父亲；就将孔家所作的事情，一件一件都提出来；觉得孔家祖先所积的德，多而且长久；所以预知孔家的子孙，将来必定会大发。后来果然生出了孔子。

   还有，孔子称赞舜的孝，是不平凡的孝顺，孔子说：像舜这样的大孝，不但祖先要享受他的祭祀；并且他的世世代代子孙可以保住他的福德，不会败落。春秋时代的陈国，就是舜传下来的子孙，足以证明舜的后代兴发得相当长久。这都是非常确实的说法啊！

　　现在我再以过去发生真实的事情，来证明积善的功德。有一位做过少师的人，姓杨名荣，是福建省建宁人。他家世代是以摆渡为生。有一次，雨下得太久，溪水满涨，水势汹涌横冲直撞，把民房都冲失了，被淹死的人顺著水势一直流下来。别的船都去捞取水中漂来的各种财货，只有少师的曾祖父和祖父，专门去救水里漂来的灾民，而财物一件都不捞，乡人都偷笑他们是傻瓜。等到少师的父亲出生后，家道也渐渐的宽裕了。

   有一位神仙化做道士的模样，向少师的父亲说：你的祖父和父亲，都积了许多阴功，所生的子孙应该发达做大官。可以将你的父亲葬在某一个地方。少师的父亲听了，就照道士所指定的地方，把他的祖父和父亲葬下。

    诸葛长青：行善积德的人，积累阴德，感动天地，上天也会帮助他实现富贵人生。

   这座坟，就是现在大家所知道的白兔坟。后来少师出生了，到了二十岁就中了进士。

   一直做官，做到三公里面的少师。皇帝还追封他的曾祖父、祖父、父亲，与少师一样的官位。而且少师的后代子孙，都非常兴旺，一直到现在还有许多贤能之士。

　　【杨少师呀！杨少师，祖父曾祖积阴德呀！积阴德；大水来了只救人，财物一概都不取，旁人笑伊是傻瓜，谁知傻瓜享大福呀！享大福！】

　　浙江宁波人杨自惩，起初在县衙做书办，心地非常厚道；而且守法公平，做事公正；当时的县官，为人严厉方正，有一次偶然打了一个囚犯，一直打到血流到地上，县官还是不息怒；杨自惩就跪下，替囚犯向县官求情，请县官宽谅那个囚犯。县官说：你求情本来没有什么不能放宽的，但是这个囚犯，不守法律，违背道理，不能教人不生气啊！

　　杨自惩一边叩头一边说：在朝廷中已经没有是非可言了，政治一片黑暗、贪污、腐败，人心散失已经很久了，审问案件若是审出实情，尚且应该替他们伤心，可怜他们不明事理，误蹈法网，不可以因为审出了案情，就欢喜。若是存心欢喜，恐怕会把案件忽略弄错。若是生气，又恐怕犯人受不住打，勉强招认，容易冤枉人。既然欢喜尚且不可，又怎么可以发火呢？

　　那县官听了杨自惩的话，非常感动，面容立即和缓下来，不再发怒了！讲到杨自惩的家里，是很穷的；但是他虽然穷，别人送他东西，他一概不肯接受。碰到囚犯缺粮，他却常用许多方法去弄一些米来，救济他们。有一天来了几个新的囚犯，没有东西吃，非常的饿，他自己家里刚巧也欠米。若是拿来给囚犯吃，那么自己家人就没得吃了。如果只顾自己吃，那么囚犯又饿得很可怜，没有办法，便同他的妻子商量。他的妻子问他说：犯人从什么地方来的？从杭州来的。沿途熬饿，脸上饿得没有一点血色；就像一种又青又黄的菜色，几乎可以用手捧起来。

　　因此，两夫妇就把自己所存的一些米，用来煮稀饭给新来的囚犯吃。然后他们生了两个儿子，大的叫做守陈，小的叫做守址，作官一直做到南北吏部侍郎。大孙子做到刑部侍郎。小孙子也做到四川按察使。两个儿子，两个孙子，都是名臣；而当今有两个名人楚亭和德政，都是杨自惩的后代。

　　【囚犯苦呀！囚犯苦，即坐监牢又挨饿，心中凄苦谁人知呀！谁人知；杨书办呀心厚道，夫妻同心帮囚犯，积善之家庆有余呀！庆有余。】

　　从前明朝英宗正统年间，有一个土匪首领叫作邓茂七，在福建一带造反。福建的读书人和老百姓，跟随他一起造反的很多。皇帝就起用曾经担任都御使的鄞县人张楷，去搜剿他们。张都宪用计策把邓茂七捉住了。后来张都宪又派了福建布政司的一位谢都事，去搜查捉拿剩下来的土匪，捉到就杀；但是谢都事不肯乱杀，怕杀错人。便向各处寻找依附贼党的名册，查出来凡是没有依附贼党，名册里还没有他们姓名的人。就暗中给他们一面白布小旗，约定他们，搜查贼党的官兵到的那一天，把这面白布小旗插在自己家门口，表示是清白的民家，并且禁止官兵不准乱杀。因为有这种措施而避免被杀的人，大约有一万人之多。后来谢都事的儿子谢迁，就中了状元，官做到宰相。而且他的孙子谢丕，也中了探花，就是第三名的进士。

　　【将军呀，不乱杀，后世子孙一定发呀！一定发，谢都事，心慈悲，全活万人子孙昌呀！子孙昌！】

　　在福建省浦田县的林家，他们的上辈中，有一位老太太喜欢做善事，时常用米粉做粉团给穷人吃。只要有人向她要，她就立刻给，脸上没有表现出一点厌烦的样子。有一位仙人，变作道士，每天早晨向她讨六、七个粉团。

   老太太每天给他，一连三年，每天都是这样的布施，没有厌倦过，仙人晓得她作善事的诚心，就向她说：我吃了你三年的粉团，要怎样报答你呢？这样吧，你家后面有一块地，若是你死后葬在这块地上，将来子孙有官爵的，就会像一升麻子那样的多。

    诸葛长青：持续行善，会积累绵延不断的功德。

　　后来老太太去世了，她的儿子依照仙人的指示，把老太太安葬下去。林家的子孙第一代发科甲的，就有九人。后来世世代代，做大官的人非常多。因此，福建省竟有一句：‘如果没有姓林的人去赴考，就不能发榜。’的传言。意思是讲：林家考试的人多，并且都能考中，所以到发榜，榜上就不会没有姓林的人。表示林家有功名的人很多。

　　【林家老太太，喜欢做好事，常常把米粉，做成粉团送人吃呀，送人吃！布施心诚恳，神仙也感动，报答老太太，子孙官爵一大堆呀，一大堆！】

　　冯琢庵太史的父亲，当他在县学里做秀才的时候，有一个非常寒冷的冬天清早，在要去县学的路上，碰到一个人倒在雪地里，用手摸摸看，已经几乎快要冻死了。

   冯老先生马上就把自己穿的皮袍，脱下来替他穿上；并且还扶他到家里，把他救醒。冯老先生救人后，就做了一个梦，梦中见到一位天神告诉他说：你救人一命，是完全出自一片至诚的心来救的，所以我要派韩琦投生到你家，做你的儿子。

    诸葛长青：救人一命胜造七级浮屠，功德巨大。

   等到后来琢庵生了，就命名叫作冯琦。因为他是宋朝一个文武全才的贤能宰相，叫作韩琦的人来投胎转世的。

　　【冯老爹，心肠好，救人命呀！功德高；诚心诚意救人命，胜过建造七浮屠呀！七浮屠。】

　　浙江台州有一个应大猷尚书，壮年的时候在山中读书，夜里头，鬼常聚在一起做鬼叫，来吓唬人，只有应公不怕鬼叫。有一夜，应公听到一个鬼说：有一个妇人，因为丈夫出远门作客，好久没回来，她的公婆判断儿子可能已经死了，所以就逼这个妇人改嫁；但是这个妇人却是要守节，不肯改嫁。所以明天夜里，她要在这里上吊，我可以找到一个替身了。凡是上吊或者是淹死的人，如果没有替身，便无法投生，所以叫替死鬼。

　　应公听到这些话，动了救人的心，偷偷的把自己的田，卖了四两银子，还马上写了一封假托她丈夫的信；并把银子寄回家的事写在信上说明。这位出外人的父母看了信以后，因为笔迹不像，所以怀疑信是假的。但是后来他们又说：信是可以假的，但是银子不能假呀！一定是儿子很平安，才会把银子寄回来。

　　他们这样想以后，就不再逼媳妇去改嫁了。后来他们的儿子回来了，这对夫妇就得以保全，像从前新婚时一样，好好的过日子了。隔天晚上，应公又听到那个鬼说：我本来可以找到替身了，那知道被这个秀才坏了我的事啊。

　　旁边一个鬼说：喂！你为什么不去害死他呢？

　　那个鬼说：天帝因为这个人心好，有阴德，已经派他去做阴德尚书了，我怎么还能害他呢？

　　应公听了这两个鬼所讲的话以后，就更加努力，更加发心，善事一天一天去做，功德也一天一天的增加；碰到荒年的时候，每次都捐米谷救人；碰到亲戚有急难，他一定想尽办法帮助人家渡过难关；碰到蛮不讲理的人，或不如意的事，总会反省，责备自己有过失，就心平气和地接受事实。因为应公能够这样做人，所以他的子孙得到功名，官位的，一直到现在还是很多哩！

　　【淹死的人呀！吊死的人，都要找替身呀！都要找替身，所以叫做替死鬼呀！替死鬼！】

　　江苏省常熟县有一位徐凤竹先生，他的父亲本来就很富有。偶然碰到了荒年，就先把他应收的田租，完全捐掉，做为全县有田的人的榜样。同时又分他自己原有的稻谷，去救济穷人。有一天夜里，他听到有一群鬼在门口唱道：千也不说谎，万也不说谎，徐家秀才，快要做到了举人！

　　【千也不说谎，万也不说谎，徐家的秀才，快做举人郎呀！快做举人郎。】

　　那些鬼连续不断的呼叫，夜夜不停。这一年，徐凤竹去参加乡试，果然考中了举人。他的父亲因此更加高兴，努力不倦地做善事，积功德；同时又修桥铺路，施斋饭供养出家人；碰到缺米缺衣的人，也接济他们；凡是对别人有好处的事情，无不尽心的去做。后来他又听到鬼在门前唱道：千也不说谎，万也不说谎，徐家举人，做官直做到都堂！结果徐凤竹，官做到了两浙的巡抚。

　　【千也不说谎，万也不说谎，徐家的举人，官做到都堂呀！官做到都堂。】

　　浙江省嘉兴县有一位姓屠，名叫康僖的人，起初在刑部里做主事的官，夜里就住在监狱里。并且仔细的盘问囚犯，结果发现没罪而被冤枉的，有不少人；但是屠公并不觉得自己有功劳，他秘密地把这件事，上公文告诉了刑部堂官。

　　后来到了秋审的时候，刑部堂官，把屠公所提供的话，拣些要点，来审问那些囚犯。囚犯们都老老实实的向堂官供认，没有一个不心服的。因此，堂官就把原来冤枉的，因为受刑不住被逼招认的，释放了十多人。

　　那个时候京里的百姓，都称赞刑部尚书明察秋毫。后来屠公又向堂官上了一份公文说：在天子脚下，尚且有那么多被冤枉的人；那么全国这样大的地方，千千万万的百姓，那会没有被冤枉的人呢？所以应该每五年再派一位减刑官，到各省去细查囚犯犯罪的实情，确实有罪的，定罪也要公平；若是冤枉的，应该翻案重审，减轻或者释放。

　　尚书就代为上奏皇帝，皇帝也准了他所建议的办法；就派减刑官，到各省去查察，刚巧屠公也派在内。有一天晚上屠公梦见天神告诉他说：你命里本来没有儿子，但是因为你提出减刑的建议，正与天心相合；所以上帝赐给你三个儿子，将来都可以做大官；穿紫色的袍，束金镶的带。这天晚上，屠公的夫人就有了身孕；后来生下了应埙、应坤、应竣三个儿子，果然都作了高官。

　　【屠康僖呀！屠康僖，办刑案，有一套，明察秋毫不贪功，平反冤案十多起，建议减刑合天心，命里无子得三子，个个都是做高官呀！做高官。】

　　有一位嘉兴人，姓包，名叫凭，号信之。他的父亲做过安徽池州府的太守。生了七个儿子，包凭是最小的。他被平湖县姓袁的人家，招赘做女婿；和我父亲常常来往，交情很深。他的学问广博，才气很高，但是每次考试都考不中。因此他对佛教、道教的学问，很注意研究。

　　有一天，他向东去卯湖游玩，偶然到了一处乡村的佛寺里，因为寺内房屋坏了，看见观世音菩萨的圣像，露天而立，被雨淋得很湿。当时就打开他的袋子，有十两银子，就拿给这寺里的住持和尚，叫他修理寺院房屋。和尚告诉他说：修寺的工程大，银子少，不够用，没法完工。

　　因此，他又拿了松江出产的布四匹，再捡竹箱里的七件衣服给和尚。这七件衣服里，有用麻织的料做的夹衣，是新做的；他的佣人要他不要再送了，但是包凭说：只要观世音菩萨的圣像，能够安好，不被雨淋，我就是赤身露体又有甚么关系呢？和尚听后流著眼泪说：施送银两和衣服布匹，还不是件难事，只是这一点诚心，怎么容易得到呀！

　　后来房屋修好了，包凭就拉著他父亲同游这座佛寺，并且住在寺中。那天晚上，包凭做了一个梦，梦到寺里的护法神，来谢他说：你做了这些功德，你的儿子可以世世代代享受官禄了。后来他的儿子包汴，孙子包柽芳，都中了进士，做到高官。

　　【包信之，学问好，才气高，可惜考试都不中；偶到一处乡村里，见佛寺、观音像，风吹雨打露天立，布施心、油然生，难舍能舍心虔诚，感动得和尚流眼泪，梦里护法来道谢，儿孙世世受官禄呀！受官禄。】

　　浙江省嘉善县有一个叫做支立的人，他的父亲，在县衙中的刑房当书办。有一个囚犯，因为被人冤枉陷害，判了死罪；支书办很可怜他，想要替他向上面的长官求情，宽免他不死。那个囚犯晓得支书办的好意之后，告诉他的妻子说：支公的好意，我觉得很惭愧，没法子报答；明天请他到乡下来，你就嫁给他，他或者会感念这份情份，那么我就可能有活命的机会了。

　　他的妻子听了之后，没别的办法，所以就边哭边答应了。到了明天，支书办到了乡下，囚犯的妻子就自己出来劝支书办喝酒，并且把他丈夫的意思，完全告诉了支书办。但是支书办不愿意这样做，不过究竟还是尽了全力替这个囚犯，把案子平反了。后来，囚犯出狱，夫妻两个人一起到支书办家里叩头拜谢说：您这样厚德的人，在近代实在是少有。现在您没有儿子，我有一个女儿，愿意送给您做扫地的小妾。这在情理上是可以说得通的。

　　支书办听了他的话，就预备了礼物，把这个囚犯的女儿迎娶为妾，后来生了一个儿子叫支立，才二十岁就中了举人的前茅，官做到翰林院的书记，后来支立的儿子叫做支高，支高的儿子叫支禄，都被保荐做州学县里的教官。而支禄的儿子叫支大纶，也考中了进士。

　　【支书办，刑房吏，有位囚犯遭冤屈，被判死罪真可怜；支书办，心慈悲，平反冤狱无条件，厚德感动死囚犯呀！死囚犯！】

　　以上这十条故事，虽然每人所做的各不相同，不过行的都是一个善字罢了。若是要再精细的加以分类来说，那末做善事；有真的，有假的；有直的，有曲的；有阴的，有阳的；有是的，有不是的；有偏的，有正的；有一半的，有圆满的；有大的，有小的；有难的，有易的。

　　这种种都各有各的道理，都应该要仔细的辨别。若是做善事，而不知道考究做善事的道理，就自夸自己做善事，做得怎样有功德，那里知道这不是在做善事，而是在造孽。这样做岂不是冤枉，白费苦心，得不到一些益处啊！我现在把上面所说过的，分类来加以说明。怎么叫做真假呢？从前在元朝的时候有几个读书人，去拜见天目山的高僧中峰和尚，问说：佛家讲善恶的报应，像影子跟著身体一样，人到那里，影子也到那里，永远不分离。这是说行善，定有好报，造恶定有苦报，决不会不报的。为什么现在某一个人是行善的，他的子孙反而不兴旺？有某一个人是作恶的，他的家反倒发达得很？那末佛说的报应，倒是没有凭据了。

　　中峰和尚回答说：平常人被世俗的见解所蒙蔽，这颗灵明的心，没有洗除干净，因此，法眼未开，所以把真的善行反认为是恶的，真的恶行反算它是善的，这是常有的事情；并且看错了，还不恨自己颠颠倒倒，怎么反而抱怨天的报应错了呢？

　　大家又说：善就是善，恶就是恶，善恶那里会弄得相反呢？

　　中峰和尚听了之后，便叫他们把所认为是善的，恶的事情都说出来。其中有一个人说：骂人，打人是恶；恭敬人，用礼貌待人是善。

　　中峰和尚回答说：你说的不一定对喔！

　　另外一个读书人说：贪财，乱要钱是恶；不贪财，清清白白守正道，是善。

　　中峰和尚说：你说的也不一定是对喔！

　　那些读书人，都把各人平时所看到的种种善恶的行为都讲出来，但是中峰和尚都说：不一定全对喔！

　　那几个读书人，因为他们所说的善恶，中峰和尚都说他们说得不对，所以就请问和尚，究竟怎样才是善？怎样才是恶？

　　中峰和尚告诉他们说：做对别人有益的事情，是善；做对自己有益的事情，是恶。若是做的事情，可以使别人得到益处，那怕是骂人，打人，也都是善；而有益于自己的事情，那么就是恭敬人，用礼貌待人，也都是恶。所以一个人做的善事，使旁人得到利益的就是公，公就是真了；只想到自己要得到的利益，就是私，私就是假了。并且从良心上所发出来的善行，是真；只不过是照例做做就算了的，是假。还有，为善不求报答，不露痕迹，那么所做的善事，是真；但是为著某一种目的，企图有所得，才去做的善事，是假；像这样的种种，自己都要仔细地考察。

　　怎样叫做端曲呢？现在的人，看见谨慎不倔强的人，大都称他是善人，而且很看重他；然而古时的圣贤，却是宁愿欣赏志气高，只向前进的人，或者是安份守己，不肯乱来的人。因为这种人，才有担当；有作为，可以教导他，使他上进。

　　至于那些看起来谨慎小心却是无用的好人，虽然在乡里，大家都喜欢他；但是因为这种人的个性软弱，随波逐流，没有志气，所以圣人一定要说这种人，是伤害道德的贼。这样看来，世俗人所说的善恶观念，分明是和圣人相反。

　　俗人说是善的，圣人反而说是恶；俗人说是恶的，圣人反而说是善。从这一个观念，推广到各种不同的事情来说，俗人所喜欢的，或者是不喜欢的，完全不同于圣人。那还有不错的吗？天地鬼神庇佑善人报应恶人，他们都和圣人的看法是一样的，圣贤以为是对的，天地鬼神也以为是对的；圣贤以为是错的，天地鬼神也认为是错的，而不和世俗人采取相同的看法。所以凡要积功德，绝对不可以被耳朵所喜欢的声音，眼睛所喜欢的景象所利用，而跟著感觉在走；必须要从起心动念隐微的地方，将自己的心，默默地洗涤清净，不可让邪恶的念头，污染了自己的心。

  诸葛长青：学会辨别真正的善和恶，发真心行善积德，必会立竿见影。

　　所以全是救济世人的心，是直；如果存有一些讨好世俗的心，就是曲。全是爱人的心，是直；如果有一丝一毫对世人怨恨不平的心，就是曲；全是恭敬别人的心，就是直；如果有一丝玩弄世人的心，就是曲。这些都应该细细的去分辨。

　　怎样叫做阴阳呢？凡是一个人做善事被人知道，叫做阳善；做善事而别人不知道，叫做阴德。

   诸葛长青：行善积德，不要告诉外人，告诉别人就是泄露功德，只能得到阳德（别人的赞美）。悄悄做善事，得到的是阴德，会化作宇宙因子，时刻保护这个人。

   有阴德的人，上天自然会知道并且会报酬他的。有阳善的人，大家都晓得他，称赞他，他便享受世上的美名。享受好名声，虽然也是福，但是名这个东西，为天地所忌，天地是不喜欢爱名之人的。只要看世界上享受极大名声的人，而他实际上没有功德，可以称配他所享受的名声，常会遭遇到料想不到的横祸，一个人并没有过失差错，反倒被冤枉，无缘无故被人栽上恶名的人，他的子孙，常常会忽然间发达起来。这样看来，阴德和阳善的分别，真是细微得很，不可以不加以分辨啊！

　　怎样叫做是非呢？从前春秋时代的鲁国定有一种法律，凡是鲁国人被别的国家抓去做奴隶；若有人肯出钱，把这些人赎回来，就可以向官府领取赏金。但是孔子的学生子贡，他很有钱，虽然也替人赎回被抓去的人回来，子贡却是不肯接受鲁国的赏金。他不肯接受赏金，纯粹是帮助他人，本意是很好。但是孔子听到之后，很不高兴的说：这件事子贡做错了，凡是圣贤无论做什么事情，都是要做了以后，能把风俗变好；可以教训，引导百姓做好人，这种事才可以做；不是单单为了自己觉得爽快称心，就去做的。现在鲁国富有的人少，穷苦的人多；若是受了赏金就算是贪财；那末不肯受贪财之名的人，和钱不多的人，就不肯去赎人了。一定要很有钱的人，才会去赎人。如果这样的话，恐怕从此以后，就不会再有人向诸侯赎人了。

　　子路看见一个人，跌在水里，把他救了上来。那个人就送一只牛来答谢子路，子路就接受了。孔子知道了，很欣慰的说：从今以后，鲁国就会有很多人，自动到深水大河中去救人了。

　　由这两件事，用世俗的眼光来看，子贡不接受赏金是好的，子路接受牛，是不好的；不料孔子反而称赞子路，责备子贡。照这样看来，要知道一个人做善事，不能只看眼前的效果，而要讲究是不是会产生流传下去的弊端；不能只论一时的影响，而是要讲究长远的是非；不能只论个人的得失，而是要讲究它关系天下大众的影响。

　　现在所为，虽然是善，但是如果流传下去，对人有害，那就虽然像善，实在还不是善；现在所行，虽然不是善，但是如果流传下去，能够帮助人，那就虽然像不善，实在倒是善！这只不过是拿一件事情来讲讲罢了。说到其它种种，还有很多。例如：一个人应该做的事情，叫做义，但是有的时候，做该做的事，也会做错，做了倒反而坏事。

　　譬如坏人，可以不必宽放他，有人宽放他，这事情不能说不是义；但是宽放了这个坏人，反而使他的胆子更大，坏事做得更多；结果旁人受害，自己也犯罪；倒不如不要宽放他，给他儆戒，使他不再犯罪的好，不宽放他，是非义，使这个人不再犯罪，是义，这就叫做非义之义。

　　礼貌是人人应该有的，但是要有分寸，用礼貌对待人，是礼；但若是过份，反而使人骄傲起来，就成为非礼了，这就叫做非礼之礼。

　　信用虽要紧，但是也要看状况，譬如：顾全小的信用，是信；要顾全小信，却误了大事；反而使得大信，不能顾全，此变成非信了，这就叫做非信之信。

　　爱人本来是慈；但是因为过份的慈爱，反而使人胆子变大，闯出大祸，那就变成不慈了，这就叫做非慈之慈。这些问题，都应该细细地加以判断，分别清楚。

　　什么叫做偏正呢？从前明朝的宰相吕文懿公刚才辞掉宰相的官位，回到家乡来，因为他做官清廉，公正，全国的人都敬佩他，就像是群山拱卫著泰山，众星环绕著北斗星一样。独独有一个乡下人，喝醉酒后，骂吕公。但是吕公并没有因为被他骂而生气，并向自己的用人说：这个人喝酒醉了，不要和他计较。

　　吕公就关了门，不理睬他。过了一年，这个人犯了死罪入狱，吕公方才懊悔的讲：若是当时同他计较，将他送到官府治罪，可以藉小惩罚而收到大儆戒的效果，他就不至于犯下死罪了，我当时只想心存厚道，所以就轻轻放过他；那知道，反而养成他天不怕地不怕的亡命之徒的恶性。他以为就算是骂宰相，也没什么大不了，一直到犯下死罪，送了性命。这就是存善心，反倒做了恶事的一个例子。

　　也有存了恶心，倒反而做了善事的例子。像有一个大富人家，碰到荒年，穷人大白天在市场上抢米；这个大富人家，便告到县官那里；县官偏偏又不受理这个案子，穷人因此胆子更大，愈加放肆横行了。于是这个大富人家就私底下把抢米的人捉起来关，出他的丑，那些抢米的人，怕这大富人家捉人，反倒安定下来，不再抢了。若不是因为这样，市面上几乎大乱了。所以善是正，恶是偏，这是大家都知道的。但是也有存善心，反倒做了恶事的例子。

　　这是存心虽正，结果变成偏，只可称做正中的偏；不过也有存恶心，反倒做了善事的例子，这是存心虽是偏，结果反成正，只可称做偏中的正；这种道理大家不可不知道。怎样叫做半满的善呢？易经上说：一个人不积善，不会成就好的名誉；不积恶，则不会有杀身的大祸。

　　书经上说：商朝的罪孽，像穿的一串钱那么满；就仿佛收藏东西装满了一个容器里一样。

　　如果你很勤奋的，天天去储积，那么终有一天就会积满。

   诸葛长青：行善积德就好像银行存钱，越存越多，福报越来越多。

   商朝由开国一直到纣王，它的过失罪恶，到此时便积满了，因此迅速亡国。如果懒惰些，不去收藏积存，那就不会满。

　　所说的积善积恶，也像储存东西一样，这是讲半善满善的一种说法。

　　从前有一户人家的女子，到佛寺里去，想要送些钱给寺里，可惜身上没有多的钱，只有两文钱，就拿来布施给和尚。而寺里的首席和尚，竟然亲自替她在佛前回向，求忏悔灭罪。后来这位女子进了皇宫做了贵妃，富贵之后，便带了几千两的银子来寺里布施。但是这位主僧，却只是叫他的徒弟，替那个女子回向罢了，那个女子不懂前后两次的布施，为什么待遇差别如此之大？就问主僧说：我从前不过布施两文钱，师父就亲自替我忏悔。现在我布施了几千两银子，而师父不替我回向，不知是什么道理？

　　主僧回答她说：从前布施的银子虽然少，但是你布施的心，很真切虔诚，所以非我老和尚亲自替你忏悔，便不足以报答你布施的功德；现在布施的钱虽然多，但是你布施的心，不像从前真切，所以叫人代你忏悔，也就够了。这就是几千两银子的布施，只算是半善；而两文钱的布施，却算是满善，道理在此。

　　又汉朝人钟离把他炼丹的方法，传给吕洞宾，用丹点在铁上，就能变成黄金，可拿来救济世上的穷人。吕洞宾问钟离说：变了金，到底会不会再变回铁呢？

　　钟离回答说：五百年以后，仍旧要变回原来的铁。

　　吕洞宾又说：像这样就会害了五百年以后的人，我不愿意做这样的事情。

　　钟离教吕洞宾点铁成金，不过是试试他的心而已。现在知道吕洞宾存心善良，所以对他说：修仙要积满三千件功德，听你这句话，你的三千件功德，已经做圆满了。

　　这是半善满善的又一种讲法。一个人做善事，而内心不可叨念，仿佛自己做了一件不得了的善事；能够这样，那么就随便你所做的任何善事，都能够成功而且圆满。若是做了件善事，这个心就牢记在这件善事上；虽然一生都很勤勉的做善事，也只不过是半善而已。

　　譬如拿钱去救济人，要内不见布施的我，外不见受布施的人，中不见布施的钱，这才叫做三轮体空，也叫做一心清净。如果能够这样的布施，纵使布施不过一斗米，也可以种下无边无涯的福了；即使布施一文钱，也可以消除一千劫所造的罪了。如果这个心，不能够忘掉所做的善事；虽然用了二十万两黄金去救济别人，还是不能够得到圆满的福。这又是一种说法。

　　怎么叫做大善小善呢？从前有一个人，叫做卫仲达，在翰林院里做官，有一次被鬼卒把他的魂引到了阴间。阴间的主审判官，吩咐手下的书办，把他在阳间所做的善事、恶事两种册子送上来。等册子送到一看，他的恶事册子，多得竟摊满了一院子；而善事的册子，只不过像一支筷子那样小罢了。主审官又吩咐拿秤来秤秤看，那摊满院子的恶册子反而比较轻，而像一支筷子那样小卷的善册子反而比较重。卫仲达就问说：我年纪还不到四十岁，那会犯了这么多的过失罪恶呢？

　　主审官说：只要一个念头不正，就是罪恶，不必等到你去犯，譬如看见女色，动了坏念头，那就是犯过。

　　因此，卫仲达就问这善册子里记的是什么。主审官说：皇帝有一次曾想要兴建大工程，修三山地方的石桥。你上奏劝皇帝不要修，免得劳民伤财，这就是你的奏章底稿。

　　卫仲达说：我虽然讲过，但是皇帝不听，还是动工了，对那件事情的进行，并没有发生作用，这份疏表怎么还能有这样大的力量呢？

　　主审官说：皇帝虽然没有听你的建议，但是你这个念头，目的是要使千万百姓免去劳役；倘使皇帝听你的，那善的力量就更大了哩！

　　所以立志做善事，目的在利益天下国家百姓，那么善事纵然小，功德却很大。假使只为了利益自己一个人，那么善事虽然多，功德却很小。

　　怎么叫做难行易行的善呢？从前有学问的读书人，都说：克制自己的私欲，要从难除去的地方先除起。

　　孔子的弟子樊迟，问孔子怎样叫作仁？孔子也说，先要从难的地方下工夫。

　　孔子所说的难，也就是除掉私心；并应该先从最难做，最难克除的地方做起。一定要像江西的一位舒老先生，他在别人家教书，把两年所仅得的薪水，帮助一户穷人，还了他们所欠公家的钱，而免除他们夫妇被拆散的悲剧。

　　又像河北邯郸县的张老先生，看到一个穷人，把妻儿抵押了，钱也用了；若是没有钱去赎回，恐怕妻儿都要活不成了。于是就舍弃他十年的积蓄，替这个穷人赎回他的妻儿。像舒老先生，张老先生，都是在最难处，旁人不容易舍的，他们竟然能够舍得啊！

　　又像江苏省镇江的一位靳老先生，虽然年老没有儿子，他的穷邻居，愿意把一个年轻的女儿给他做妾，愿能为他生一个儿子。但是这位靳老先生不忍心误了她的青春，还是拒绝了，就把这女子送还邻居。这又是很难忍处，而能够忍得住的事呀！所以上天赐给他们这几位老先生的福，也特别的丰厚。

　　【善有真，也有假，有端有曲有阴阳，有是有非有偏正，有半有满有大小，有难有易当深辨呀，当深辨！】

　　凡是有财有势的人要立些功德，比平常人来得容易，但是容易做，却不肯做，那就叫做自暴自弃了；而没钱没势的穷人，要做些福，都会有很大的因难，难做到而能做到，这才真是可贵啊！我们为人处事，应该遇到机缘，就去做救济众人的事。

  诸葛长青：以下十种善事，可以积极去做，福报很大。

  不过救济众人，也不是容易的事，救济众人的种类很多，简单的说，它的重要项目，大约有十种：

　　第一、是与人为善。看到别人有一点善心，我就帮他，使他善心增长。别人做善事，力量不够，做不成功，我就帮他，使他做成功，这都是与人为善。

　　第二、是爱敬存心。就是对比我学问好，年纪大，辈份高的人，都应该心存敬重。而对比我年纪小，辈份低，景况穷的人，都该要心存爱护。

　　第三、是成人之美。譬如一个人，要做件好事，尚未决定，则应该劝他尽心尽力去做。别人做善事时，遇到了阻碍；不能成功，应想方法，指引他，劝导他使得他成功；而不可生嫉妒心去破坏他。

　　第四、是劝人为善。碰到做恶的人，要劝他做恶绝对有苦报，恶事万万做不得。碰到不肯为善，或只肯做些小善的人，就要劝他行善绝对有好报，善事不但要做，而且还要做得多。做得大。

　　第五、是救人危急。一般人大多喜欢锦上添花，而缺乏雪中送炭的精神；而当遇到他人最危险、最困难、最紧急的关头；能及时向他伸出援手，拉他一把，出钱出力帮他解决危急困境，可以说是功德无量，但是不可以引以为傲！

　　第六、是兴建大利。有大利益的事情，自然要有大力量的人，才能做到，一个人既然有大力量，自然应该做些大利益的事情，以利益大众。例如，修筑水利系统、救济大灾害等等。但是没有大力量的人，也可以做到的。譬如，发现河堤上有个小洞，水从洞里冒出，只要用些泥土、小石，将小洞塞住，这堤防就可以保住，而防止了水灾的发生。事情虽然小，但这种功效也是不可忽视的。

　　第七、是舍财作福。俗语说：人为财死，世人的心总爱钱财，求财都来不及，还愿意去舍财济助他人吗？因此，能舍财去消除别人的灾难，解决他人的危急；对一个常人而言，已不简单，对穷人来说，则更加了不起。如按因果来讲，‘舍得，舍得，有舍才有得。’‘舍不得，舍不得，不舍就不得。’；做一分善事就会有一分福报，所以不必忧愁我们会因为舍财救人，而使自己的生活陷于绝路。

　　第八、是护持正法。这种法，就是指各种宗教的法。宗教有正，有邪，法也有正，有邪，邪教的邪法最害人心，自然应该禁止。而具有正知正见的佛法，是最容易劝导人心，挽回善良风俗的。若是有人破坏，一定要用全力保护维持，不可让他破坏。

　　第九、是敬重尊长。凡是学问深，见识好，职位高，辈份大，年纪老的人，都称为尊长。自己都应该敬重，不可看轻他们。

　　第十、是爱惜物命。凡是有性命的东西，虽然像蚂蚁那样小；也是有知觉的，晓得痛苦，并且也会贪生怕死。应该要哀怜它们，怎可以乱杀乱吃呢？有人常说：这些东西，本来就是要给人吃的。这话是最不通的，而且都是贪吃的人所造出来的话。

　　以上所讲的十种，只是大概的说明。

   下面是分别举例比喻：什么叫做与人善呢？从前虞朝的舜，在他还没有做君主之前，在雷泽湖边看见年轻力壮的渔夫，都拣湖水深处去抓鱼；而那些年老体弱的渔夫，都在水流得急而且水较浅的地方抓。

　　水流急，鱼停不住，浅滩水少，鱼也比较少，不比水深的地方，鱼都在那里游来游去，较容易抓。那些年轻力壮的渔夫，把好的地方都占去了。

　　舜看见这种情形，心里面悲伤哀怜他们。就想了一个方法，他自己也去参加捉鱼，看见那些喜欢抢夺的人，就把他们的过失，掩盖起来，而且也不对外讲；看见那些比较谦让的渔夫，便到处称赞他们，拿他们作榜样，并且学习他们谦让的模样。像这样，舜抓了一年的鱼，大家都把水深鱼多的地方让出来了。

　　舜的故事，不过是用来劝化人，不可误解是劝人抓鱼。要知道抓鱼是犯杀生的罪孽，千万不可以做啊！那么像舜那样明白聪明的圣人，那有不能说几句中肯的话，来教化众人，而一定要亲自参与呢？要晓得舜不用言语来教化众人，而是拿自己做榜样，使人见了，感觉渐愧而改变自己的自私心理，这真是一个用心良苦的人，所费的苦心啊！

　　我们生在这个人心风俗败坏，末世的时代，做人很不容易；因此，旁人有不如我的地方，不可以把自己的长处，去盖过旁人？旁人有不善的事情，不可以把自己的善，来和别人比较。别人能力不及我，不可以把自己有的能力，来为难别人。自己纵然有才干聪明，也要收敛起来，不可以外露炫耀，应该像是没有聪明才干一样。要看聪明才干，都是虚的、假的一般。

　　看到别人有过失，姑且替他包含掩盖。像这样，一方面可以使他有改过自新的机会，另一方面可以使他有所顾忌而不敢放肆。若是扯破面皮，他就没有顾忌了。

　　看到旁人有些小的长处，可以学的，或有小的善心善事，可以记的；都应该立刻翻转过来，放下自己的主见，学他的长处；并且称赞他，替他广为传扬。一个人在平常生活中，不论讲句话或是做件事，全不可为自己，发起一种自私自利的念头；而要全为了社会大众设想，立出一种规则来，使大众可以通行遵守，这才是一位伟大的人物，把天下所有的一切，都看做是公而不是私的度量呢！

　　什么叫做爱敬存心呢？君子与小人，从外貌来看，常常容易混淆，分不出真假。因为小人会装假仁假义，冒充君子。不过这一点存心，君子是善，小人是恶，彼此相去很远，他们的分别，就像黑白两种颜色，绝对相反不同。所以孟子说：君子所以与常人不同的地方，就是他们的存心啊！

　　君子所存的心，只有爱人敬人的心。因为人虽然有亲近的，疏远的，有尊贵的，有低微的，有聪明的，有愚笨的，有道德的，有下流的，千千万万不同的种类；但是这些都是我们的同胞，都是和我们一样有生命，有血有肉，有感情，那一个不该爱他敬他呢？爱敬众人，就是爱敬圣贤人。能够明白众人的意思，就是明白圣贤人的意思。为什么呢？

　　因为圣贤人本来都希望世界上的人，大家都能安居乐业，过著幸福美满的生活。所以，我们能够处处爱人，处处敬人，使世上的人，个个平安幸福，也就可以说是代替圣贤，使这个世界上人人都能够平安快乐了。

　　什么叫做成人之美呢？举例来说，若是把一块里面有玉的石头，随便乱丢抛弃，那末这块里面有玉的石头也只不过是和瓦片碎石一样，一文不值了。若是把它好好的加以雕刻琢磨，那么这块石头，就成了非常珍贵的宝物圭璋了。

　　一个人也是如此，也全是靠劝导提引；所以看到别人做一件善事，或者是这个人立志向上，而且他的资质足以造就的话；都应该好好的引导他，提拔他，使他成为社会上的有用之材；或是夸赞他，激励他，扶持他；若是有人冤枉他，就替他辩解冤屈，来替他分担无端被人恶意的毁谤，可以设法代替他，顶替他被毁谤的事实，减轻他所受的毁谤，这样叫做分谤。

　　务必要使他能够立身于社会，而后才算是尽了我的心意。大概通常的人，对那些与他不同类型的人，都不免有厌恶感，譬如小人恨君子，恶人恨善人。

　　在同一个乡里的人，都是善的少，不善的多。正因为不善的人很多，善的人少，所以善人处在世俗里，常常被恶人欺负，很难立得住脚，况且豪杰的性情大多数是刚正不屈，并且不注意修饰外表，世俗的眼光，见识不高，只看外表，就说长道短，随便批评；所以做善事也常常容易失败，善人也常常被人毁谤。

　　碰到这种情形，只有全靠仁人长者，才能纠正那些邪恶不正的人，教导指引他们改邪归正，保护，帮助善人，使他成立；像这样辟邪显正的功德，实在是最大的。

　　什么叫做劝人为善呢？一个人既然已经生在世上做了人，那一个没有良心呢？但是因为汲汲地追逐名利，弄得这世间忙碌不堪，只要有名利可得，就昧著良心，不择手段地去做，那就最容易堕落了。所以与别人往来相处，时常要留心观察这个人，若是看他要堕落了，就应该随时随地提醒他，警告他，开发他的糊涂昏乱。

　　譬如，看见他在长夜里做了一个浑浑噩噩的梦，一定要叫唤他，使他赶快清醒；又譬如看他长久陷落在烦恼里，一定要提拔他一把，使他头脑转为清凉。

　　像这样以恩待人，功德是最周遍，最广大的了。从前韩文公曾说：以口来劝人，只在一时，事情过了，也就忘了；并且别处的人，无法听到。以书来劝人，可以流传到百世，并且能传遍世界；所以做善书，有立言的大功德。

　　这里说以口来劝，用书来劝人为善，与前面所讲的与人为善比较起来，虽然较注重形式的痕迹，但是这种对症下药的事，时常会有特殊的效果；这种方法是不可以放弃的。

　　并且劝人也得要劝的得当，譬如这个人太倔强，不可以用话来劝，你若是用话去劝了，不但是白劝，所劝的话，也成了废话，这叫做失言。如果这个人性情温顺，可以用话来劝，你却是不劝，错过了劝人为善的机会，这叫做失人。失言失人，都是自己智慧不够，分辨不出来，就应该自己仔细反省检讨；如此才能不失言，也不失人。

　　什么叫做救人危急呢？患难颠沛的事情，在人的一生当中，都是常有的。假使偶而碰到患, 难危急的人，应该要将他的痛苦，当做是发生在自己的身上一样，赶快设法解救，看他有什么被人冤屈压迫的事情，或是用话语帮助他申辩明白，或是用种种的方法来救济他的困苦。明朝的崔子曾经说：恩惠不在乎大小，只要在别人危急的时候，赶紧去帮助他就可以了。这句话真正是仁者的话呀！

　　什么叫做兴建大利呢？讲小的，在一个乡中，讲大的，在一个县内，凡是有益公众的事，最应该发起兴建。或是开辟水道来灌溉农田；或是建筑堤岸来预防水灾；或是修筑桥梁，使行旅交通方便，或是施送茶饭，救济饥饿口渴的人。

　　随时遇到机会，都要劝导大家，同心协力，出钱出力来兴建；纵然有别人在暗中毁谤你，中伤你；你也不要为了避嫌疑就不去做，也不要怕辛苦，担心别人嫉妒怨恨，就推托不做，这都是不可以的。

　　什么叫做舍财作福呢？佛门里的万种善行，以布施为最重要。讲到布施，就只有一个舍字，什么都舍得，就合佛的意思了。

　　真正明白道理的人，什么都肯舍；譬如自己身上的眼睛，耳朵，鼻子，舌头，身体，念头，没有一样不肯舍掉。譬如，佛陀曾在因地修行的时候，舍身饲虎。

　　在身外的色、声、香、味、触、法，也都可以一概舍弃。一个人所有的一切，没有一样不可以舍掉，能够如此，那就身心清净，没有烦恼，就如同佛菩萨了。

　　若是不能什么都舍，那就先从钱财上著手布施。世间人都把穿衣吃饭，看得像生命一样重要；因此，钱财上的布施也最为重要；如果我能够痛痛快快地施舍钱财；对内而言，可以破除我小器的毛病；对外而言，则可救济别人的急难。

　　不过钱财不易看破，起初做起来，难免会有一些勉强，只要舍惯了，心中自然安逸，也就没有什么舍不得了。这是最容易消除自己的贪念私心，也可以除掉自己对钱财的执著与吝啬。

　　什么叫做护持正法呢？法是千万年来，有灵性的有情生命的眼目，也是真理的准绳；但是法有正有邪，如果没有正法，如何能够参加帮助天地造化之功呢？怎样会使得各式各样的人以及种种的东西，都能够像裁布成衣那样的成功呢？怎样可以脱出那种种的迷惑，离开那种种的束缚呢？怎样可以建设整理世上一切的事情，和逃出这个污秽世界，生死轮回的苦海呢？这都需要靠有了正法，才像有了光明的大路可走。

　　所以凡是看到圣贤的寺庙，图像，经典，遗训，都要加以敬重；至于有破损不完全的，都应该要修补，整理。而讲到佛门正法，尤其应该敬重的加以传播宣扬，使大家都重视，才可以上报佛的恩德，这些都是更应该加以全力去实践的。

　　什么叫做敬重尊长呢？家里的父亲，兄长，国家的君王，长官；以及凡是年岁，道德，职位，见识高的人，都应该格外虔诚的去敬重他们。

　　在家里侍奉父母，要有深爱父母的心，与委婉和顺的容貌；而且声要和，气要平；这样不断地薰染成习惯，就变成自然的好性情，这就是和气可以感勤天心的根本办法。

　　出门在外侍候君王，不论什么事，都应该依照国法去做；不可以为君王不知道，自己就可以随意乱做呀！办一个犯罪的人，不论他的罪轻或重，都要仔细审问，公平地执法；不可以为君王不知道，就可以作威作福冤枉人！

　　服侍君王，像面对上天一样的恭敬，这是古人所订的规范，这种地方关系阴德最大。你们试看，凡是忠孝人家，他们的子孙，没有不发达久远而且前途兴旺的，所以一定要小心谨慎的去做。

　　什么叫做爱惜物命呢？要知道一个人之所以能够算他是人，就是在他有这一片恻隐的心罢了。所以孟子说：没有恻隐之心就不是人。

　　求仁的，就是求这一片恻隐之心；积德的，也就是积这一片恻隐的心。有恻隐心就是仁；有恻隐心，就是德。没有恻隐心，就是无仁心，没道德。周礼上曾说：每年正月的时候，正是畜牲最容易怀孕的期间，这时候祭品勿用母的。因为要预防畜牲肚里有胎儿的缘故。

　　孟子说：君子不肯住在厨房附近。就是要保全自己的恻隐之心，所以，前辈有四种肉不吃的禁忌。譬如说，听到动物被杀的声音，不吃，或者在它被杀的时候看见，不吃；或者是自己养大的，不吃，或专门为我杀的，不吃。后辈的人，若要学习前辈的仁慈心，一下子做不到断食荤腥，也应该依照前辈的办法，禁戒少吃。

　　照佛法来讲，一切有生命的东西，都是因为前生造了孽而投胎做畜牲；等到它们的罪孽还完了后，仍然可以投胎做人的。做人以后若是肯修行，也可以修成佛。那么我今生所吃的肉，难保不就是吃了未来佛的肉，并且现在的畜牲，在无量过去的前世中，也一定曾经做过人；那么它们可能曾做过我前生中的父母，妻子，亲族，朋友，我今天吃的肉，可能就是吃我前生的父母，妻子，亲族，朋友的肉了。而今天我做人，它做畜牲，我吃它，我就造了杀孽，与它结下冤仇。如果被我吃的畜牲，来世它的孽债还清了，投生做了人，而我却因为杀生造孽，投胎做畜牲，恐怕他也要报复我杀他之仇，而来杀我，吃我了。这样说来，还能杀生么？肉还能吃得下吗？况且吃肉就算味道好，也不过是经过嘴里到喉咙那段时候，还觉得有味道，等到咽了下去，还有什么味道？与素菜有什么两样，为什么一定要杀生造孽呢？

　　虽然一时做不到不吃肉，也应该渐渐地减少吃肉，直到完全不吃。这样子慈悲心就会愈来愈增加。不但杀生应戒，就是那些极小，不论愚蠢的或是有灵性的，凡是有生命的，都应该禁止伤害它们的性命。像要用丝来做衣服，就把蚕茧放在水里烧，那要伤害多少蚕的性命？掘地种田，要杀害地下多少虫的性命；想想我们穿的衣、吃的饭，是从那里来的呢？都是杀它们的命，来养活我们自己；所以糟蹋粮食，浪费东西的罪孽，实在也应该与杀生的罪孽相等。至于随手误伤的生命，脚下误踏而死的生命，又不晓得有多少，这都应该要设法防止。宋朝的苏东坡有首诗说：爱鼠常留饭，怜蛾不点灯。

　　意思是说：恐怕老鼠饿死，所以为老鼠留些饭；哀怜飞蛾扑到灯上烫死，所以灯也不点。这话是多么的仁厚慈悲呀！

　　善事无穷无尽，那能说得完；只要把上边说的十件事，加以推广发扬，那么无数的功德，就都完备了。

　　(This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

Selected Articles in Previous Periods

Click the article title to view

往期精选文章

点击文章标题查看

1The wisdom of traditional Chinese culture changes the destiny: filial piety to parents+five in one+self-improvement

1 国学智慧改命运：孝敬父母+五合一+自强不息

2Zhuge Changqing's Three Golden Keys to Changing Destiny

2诸葛长青改命运三把金钥匙诸葛长青施食仪轨 （十五步简洁版）

3Zhuge Changqing's Greeting Ritual (15 Steps Concise Version)

3 诸葛长青施食仪轨 （十五步简洁版）

4How to repent: the ritual of repentance and the method of repentance (full version)

4   如何忏悔：忏悔仪轨忏悔方法（完整版）

5How to read the Dizang Sutra: Methods for reciting Dizang Sutra (complete version)

5 如何念地藏经：念地藏经仪轨方法（完整版）

6How to release? The ritual of releasing life

6怎样放生？放生仪轨

7Zhuge Changqing's Repentance Culture: A Case Study of Repentance Methods for Changing Destiny

7诸葛长青忏悔文化：改变命运忏悔方法案例

8Free Life Culture: Free Life Culture in Ancient China

8放生文化：中国古代的放生文化

9Shocking photo of feeding: Buddha, Bodhisattva and Dharma Protector come to the scene

9施食震撼照片：佛菩萨护法神亲临现场

10Feeding Rite Return: the return is changed to simple return

10施食仪轨回向：回向修改为简洁回向