The second secret of changing fate: three ways to correct mistakes

改变命运秘密之二：修正过失三方法

The four precepts of Liao Fan pointed out that to change one's life, one should have a sense of shame, awe and courage.

-----Zhuge Changqing

People, since they are not born saints, can there be no mistakes?

Confucius said, 'Don't be afraid to change.'

As long as there is a mistake, you can't be afraid to change. So after Mr. Yuan Liaofan talked about the truth and method of transforming fate, he went on to explain the method in detail and teach his son Yuan Tianqi a lesson. The second part is about the method of reform. Minor mistakes need to be corrected; That big sin will not be recreated.

In the Spring and Autumn Period, the senior officials of all countries at that time often had to judge from a person's words and actions; You can guess what good or bad luck this person may encounter, and there is no ineffectiveness. This can be seen in Zuo Zhuan and Mandarin books.

All auspicious and dangerous omens are reflected in the heart. Although the root sprout is from the heart, it will be reflected in the limbs of the whole body. For example, if a person is very kind, his limbs will appear stable. If a person is mean, all his limbs will appear frivolous.

A person who is biased towards kindness will always be blessed; Those who are mean must often come near disaster. Ordinary people have no vision, and their eyes seem to be covered by a film, and they can't see anything; It is said that there is no certainty of disaster and fortune, and it is unpredictable.

If a person can be extremely honest without any falsehood, his heart can match with the heart of heaven, therefore; If you can deal with people and things with sincerity, luck and misfortune will come naturally. So to observe a person, as long as his behavior is good, you can predict his blessing and it will come.

On the contrary, to observe a person, as long as his behavior is not good, you can predict his disaster and it will come. If a man wants to be blessed, he should keep away from evil; Before we talk about doing good, we should first correct our mistakes.

But there are three ways to change.

The first method: be ashamed.

Zhuge Changqing: Zeng Guofan used shame as a correction method. With a sense of shame, you will work hard to practice and avoid falling into an immoral situation.

Think about the sages in ancient times, like me, are all men and big husbands. Why can they be immortal? We should take them as a model; Why am I ruined in my life?

This is because I am too greedy for pleasure, polluted by all kinds of bad environment, and secretly do all kinds of things I should not do; In this way, we sink daily, just like animals, but we don't know.

In the world, there is nothing more shameful than this. Mencius said that the biggest and most important thing for a person is the word "shame". Why? Because you know the word "shame", you will try to correct your mistakes and become a sage; If you don't know the word "shame", you will lose your personality and be the same as animals. These words are the real secret of reform.

The second way is to say "beware of fear".

Zhuge Changqing: People are always subject to the supervision and inspection of the gods. With fear, they will always maintain the drive to make progress.

You should know that heaven and earth, ghosts and gods, are on our heads.

Ghosts and gods are different from us. They can see everything, so ghosts and gods are not easy to be cheated. Although I made mistakes in places that you can't see, the ghosts and gods of heaven and earth, in fact, shine on me like a mirror, making my mistakes and sins clear. Those who are too weightless will have all kinds of disasters on me; Even if the fault is minor, it will detract from my present blessings. How can I be afraid of it?

Not just like what I said before. It is a free place in your own home; But the supervision of the gods is still very powerful and clear.

Although I have covered up my mistakes very secretly and cleverly; But in the eyes of the gods, my lungs and liver have been seen through long ago, and my feet are all exposed. In the end, there is still no way to deceive yourself. If others see through, this person will be worthless. How can we not always have a heart of caution and fear?

This is not just like the above! As long as a person is still breathing, even if he has committed a monstrous crime, he can repent and correct it.

In ancient times, there was a man who did evil things all his life; When he was about to die, he suddenly repented and sent out a great kindness, and immediately got a good death.

That is to say, if a person can turn a very painful and brave kindness at a critical moment, he can wash away the evil accumulated in a hundred years. For example, in the valley of darkness for thousands of years, as long as a lamp shines in; Where the light reaches, it can completely eliminate the darkness of thousands of years. So whether the fault is permanent or new; As long as it can be changed, it is great.

Although mistakes can only be corrected, it is absolutely not allowed to think that mistakes can be corrected even if they are often committed. If this is the case, it is intentional and the crime is even more serious.

And in this impure world, we are disillusioned and impermanent. Our flesh and blood are very easy to die; As long as I can't breathe, this body is not mine; At that time, I just want to change it, but I can't change it. And when people die, they can't take anything with them; Only this evil will follow.

Therefore, the retribution of the Ming Dynasty is that you should bear the evil reputation for thousands of years in the world; Although you have a filial son and a lovely grandson, you can't clean up your bad name; Dark retribution, in the underworld, will take thousands of times to sink into hell and suffer immeasurably. Even if you encounter saints, sages, Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, they can't help you and guide you. How can you be afraid of that?

The third method is to have "the courage to keep going".

Zhuge Changqing: Brave heart is the heart of a big man, and the confidence to go forward bravely.

The reason why a person still refuses to correct his mistakes is because he can't muddle along, can't cheer up and fall back.

You should know that if you want to change, you must work hard and change now. You can never delay doubts, or wait for tomorrow today or the day after tomorrow. A small mistake, like a sharp thorn in the flesh, should be quickly picked out and pulled out. A big mistake is as bad as a poisonous snake biting its finger. You should cut off your finger quickly without any hesitation; Otherwise, the snake venom will spread in the body and people will die. As the Yigua in the Book of Changes says, when the wind blows and everything grows, the benefits are so great. This is a metaphor for people who have the greatest interests if they can improve.

[Change your heart! Change your heart. What kind of heart! What kind of heart. The first is to be ashamed, the second is to be awed, the third is to be brave. With these three kinds of heart, you can change immediately! Change immediately.]

If a person can change, if he can have the above three hearts of shame, awe and courage, then he can change immediately, just like the thin ice in spring, when it meets the sun, is he still afraid of not melting? But there are three ways to change. One is to change in fact, the other is to change in reason, and the other is to change in mind.

Because of the three different kinds of kungfu, the results will not be the same. Now let me explain it from the sentence that was actually changed.

For example, if you killed a living thing the day before yesterday, it is forbidden to kill it again today. The day before yesterday, I was angry and cursed. Today, I will not be angry anymore. This is the way to correct mistakes in the matter itself and prohibit them from being committed again. But it is a hundred times more difficult to resist and stop making mistakes than to change naturally. And the root cause of this crime has not been removed, but is still in the heart. Although it was forced to hold down for a while, it would eventually show up, just like it would be extinguished in the east and reappeared in the west. This is not the way to completely remove it.

Zhuge Changqing: If there is a mistake, you should immediately swear to correct it, take immediate action, and never delay. To change fortunes in life requires immediate action.

I will explain the method that has been changed in principle; The person who is willing to make efforts to change should understand the reason why it cannot be done before he does not prohibit it; For example, a person's mistake is killing life; Then he should first think: God has the virtue of good life. Anyone who has life will cherish life and fear death. Kill its life to raise my body. Ask yourself if you can feel at ease? And some things, such as fish and hairy crabs, have been killed but not completely dead.

Zhuge Changqing: People should abstain from killing and release. Don't kill animals. The bad results are huge.

Put it in the pot when you are half dead and half alive, and the pain will always penetrate into the bone marrow; Do you think sin is not sin? To support yourself, we need to fill the table with all kinds of valuable and delicious things. Although it is so fastidious, once eaten, it becomes dregs and has nothing left. You should know that when people eat vegetarian soup and so on, they are also full! Why do you have to hurt life, create sin of killing life, and reduce your own blessings?

I also think that everything with blood and life has spiritual consciousness. Since all have spiritual consciousness, they are the same as me. Even if they can't cultivate to the highest level of morality, they should respect me and be close to me. Like the ancient sage Da Shun, when he was still farming, it was like plowing for him, and the birds helped him pull grass. How can you hurt life every day, make them hate me and hate me forever? If you can think of this, you will feel sad and can't swallow the dishes with meat and blood on the table.

For example, if you like to be angry the day before yesterday, you should think that everyone has his own strengths and weaknesses; When encountering the shortcomings of others, it is reasonable to pity his distress and forgive his shortcomings; If someone offends me without reason, it is his fault. What has it to do with me? There is nothing to be angry about!

Zhuge Changqing: Anger makes people lose their sense. In order to stop her anger, Lin Zexu wrote the word "anger control" and hung it on the wall in her bedroom or study. In life, patience is very important.

Then I thought: there is no hero in the world who thinks that there is no mistake, because a person who thinks he is great is the most stupid person. There is absolutely no knowledge that resents others; Because if people are really knowledgeable, they will be more modest; And if you can be strict with yourself and lenient with others, where will you hate others? So those who hate others will have no knowledge.

Therefore, a person can't be satisfied with everything because his morals and merits are not well repaired, and his heart is not moving enough! We should all reflect on ourselves in turn. Do you feel sorry for others?

If I can work hard with such intention, then others will slander me, but instead, it will become an educational place to temper me and achieve my opposite. I should gladly accept the lessons and criticisms others have given me. What is there to hate?

Also, I can not be angry when I hear others say bad things about me. Although the bad words are said badly, they are just like burning the sky with fire, and there is nothing to burn in the void; But the fire will eventually go out. If you hear someone say bad things, you will be angry; Although you have tried your best to argue, the result is like the spring silkworm spinning, binding yourself; This is what we call "cocooning ourselves and asking for trouble". So anger is not only useless, but also harmful. This is all about the consequences of anger.

As for other kinds of mistakes and sins, we should also think carefully according to the principles. If we can understand the above principles, we will naturally not make mistakes.

What is it called to change from the heart? There are so many kinds of human mistakes. They are all made from the heart. If my heart is not moving, nothing will happen. So where will the mistakes come from? All scholars like women, fame, property or anger; There is no need to seek the method of extinction for all kinds of mistakes like this; As long as you are devoted to kindness and do good deeds, positive thoughts will appear in front of you; That evil idea will not pollute.

Zhuge Changqing: You should always pay attention to your heart in life. Everything in life comes from inner changes. The choice of good or evil determines the fate of good or evil.

For example, if the bright and hot sun shines in the sky, all monsters will naturally escape and disappear; This is the purest and only real trick to repair the heart! We must know that the fault is all made by this heart, so we should also correct it from this heart; It is just like cutting a poison tree. If you want to cut it, you should cut it clean and clean. If you root it out, it will not grow again; Then why should we cut branches and pick leaves?

The best way to change is to cultivate your mind. If you can cultivate your heart, you can immediately purify it. Because mistakes are all caused by bad thoughts. If you can cultivate your mind, you will find out if you have a bad idea. If you can find it, stop your heart at once; If you don't move, the bad idea will disappear, and you won't commit it again. If you can't do this again, you must understand the reason for your mistake and remove the idea of committing it. If we can't do this again, we will have to use the method of reluctantly holding down to prohibit not committing. If you use the superior kung fu of cultivating your mind, understand the principle that you can't commit, use the inferior kung fu of sending it away, and use the inferior kung fu that has been forbidden by the method of pressure; It is not necessarily a miscalculation to use this second-class kung fu at the same time! If you insist on using only inferior kung fu, but ignore the superior kung fu of mind cultivation, it is the most stupid.

But if you wish to change, you should also help; In the future, there should be a real friend to remind you when you are confused; In the dark, ghosts and gods should prove it for you; (Just like I wrote a brief article about my mistakes and told the world and ghosts.) I should also wholeheartedly repent and never relax from morning to night, from day to night; Like me, repentance goes through one seven days, two seven days; Until one month, two months, three months If you continue to repent like this, it will be effective!

[It is necessary to make a vow to change, but also to help. In the open, there should be helpful friends to remind you! To remind you. In the dark, there should be ghosts and gods to prove it! To prove it. It is also necessary to wholeheartedly and sincerely repent! Devout repentance.]

What is the effect of repenting evil mentioned above? For example, you may feel very comfortable in spirit and relaxed in heart; Or feel stupid in the past, and suddenly wisdom opens up; Or even in the midst of trouble and confusion, I am still clear and clear in my heart; Or when you meet an enemy who resents your family, you can eliminate all your hatred and anger, and your heart will be happy; Or in a dream, I feel that I vomit something black; This is a kind of filth accumulated by all kinds of evil thoughts. If you spit it out in your dream, your heart will be much cleaner. Or dream that the sages of ancient times will promote me and lead me, or dream that they will fly into the void and be at ease; Or dream of all kinds of colorful flags and umbrellas decorated with treasures. Such rare things are good signs of eliminating sins through negligence. But we should not encounter these good signs. They thought they were great, but blocked the way to make further progress and work harder.

At the age of 20, Xiao Boyu, a wise doctor of the State of Wei in the former Spring and Autumn Period, was able to reflect on his past mistakes, review them and completely change them. At the age of 21, I feel that the mistakes I made before are not complete; At the age of 22, when I recall the age of 21, I still feel like in a dream. Like this, year after year, year after year, I gradually change; Until the age of 50, I still felt that the past 49 years had been wrong. The ancients paid attention to the changed learning like this.

"Bo Yu, a wise doctor, realized at the age of 20, constantly reflected on his mistakes, and reviewed them year after year. He always felt that his efforts to change were not complete, not complete! So, the knowledge to change should be exquisite!"

We are all ordinary people, and our sins are like the thorns on hedgehogs. Looking back on the past, it often seems that you can't see what your fault is. This is really due to carelessness and lack of self-reflection. It's like a cloud on your eyes, and you can't see where you have made mistakes every day! However, there is evidence to show that a person's fault and guilt have reached a certain level; Or the mind is confused and blocked, the spirit is depressed, and everything is forgotten; Or things that are not worth worrying about, and often feel very worried; Or when you see a noble gentleman, you feel embarrassed and downhearted; Or when you hear the truth, you feel unhappy; Or if you give a favor to others, they will resent you if they don't appreciate it; Or do some bad dreams upside down at night, or even lose their normal appearance in incoherence; All kinds of abnormal phenomena like this are manifestations of sin!

If you have the situation mentioned above, you should immediately raise your spirits and work hard to get rid of all the old mistakes; And open up a new way of life. I hope you can't delay yourself!

Reference material for this article: The vernacular text of the Four Instructions of Liao Fan (organized by the Liao Fan Society for the Promotion of Dharma)

      了凡四训指出，人生改过要发羞耻心、敬畏心、勇猛心......。  

----- 诸葛长青

   人，既然不是生下来就是圣人，那里能没有过失呢？

   孔子说：‘过则勿惮改。’

　　只要有了过失，就不可以怕改。所以袁了凡先生在讲过改造命运的道理方法后，就接著把改过的方法，详细地说出来，教训他的儿子袁天启。这第二篇就是讲改过的方法。小的过失，尚且要改；那末大的罪孽，自然就不会再造了。

　　在春秋时代，当时各国的高级官吏，常常要从一个人的言语、行为、去加以判断；就可以猜想到这个人可能遭遇到的吉凶祸福，并且没有不灵验的。这可以在左传和国语这几种书上看得到的。

   大凡吉祥和凶险的预兆，都在心里发出根苗反应出来，虽然根苗是由心里发出来的，但是会表现到全身的四肢上，譬如一个人很厚道，那么他的全身四肢都会显得稳重。一个人刻薄，那么他的全身四肢都会显得轻佻。

　　一个人凡是偏在厚道的，一定时常得福；偏在刻薄的，一定时常近祸。一般人没有见识，眼光像被一层膜给遮住了，甚么都看不到；就说祸福没有一定，而且是无法预测的。

　　一个人能够做到极诚实，毫无半点虚假，这个人的心就可以与天心相合了，因此；能够用诚心处人处事，福祸就会自然降临。所以观察一个人，只要看他的行为，都是善的，就可以预知他的福，就会来了。

　　相反的，观察一个人，只要看他的行为，都是不善的，就可以预知他的祸，就要来了。人若是要得福，要远离灾祸；在没有讲到做善事前，先要把自己的过失改掉。

　　但改过的方法有三个。

   第一个方法：要发“羞耻心”。

   诸葛长青：曾国藩把羞耻心作为修正的方法。有了羞耻心，就会发奋修行，避免陷入不道德的境地。

  想想古时候的圣贤，和我一样，都是男子汉、大丈夫，为什么他们可以流芳百世，大家还要以他们做为师表榜样；而我为什么这一生就搞得身败名裂呢？

　　这都是因为自己过份贪图享乐，受到种种坏环境的污染，偷偷做出种种不应该做的事，自己还以为旁人不知道，目无国法，毫无惭愧之心；就这样天天的沉沦下去，同禽兽一样了，自己却还不知道。

　　世界上，令人可羞可耻的事情，没有比这个更大的了。孟子说：一个人最大的，最要紧的事情就是这个耻字。为什么呢？因为晓得这个耻字，就会把自己的过失尽量改掉，就可以成为圣贤；若不晓得这个耻字，就会放肆乱来失掉人格，便和禽兽相同了。这些话都是改过的真正秘诀。

  第二个方法：要发“戒慎恐惧的心“。

  诸葛长青：人时刻接受天神的监督检查，有了恐惧心，自己就会时刻保持奋进的动力。

  要知道天地鬼神，都在我们的头上。

　　鬼神和我们不一样，它们什么都看得到，所以鬼神是不容易被欺骗的。我虽然在大家看不到的地方犯错，但是天地鬼神，实际上就像镜子那样的照着我，把我的过失罪恶照得清清楚楚。过失重的，就有种种的灾祸，降到我的身上来；就算过失轻的，也要减损我现在的福报，我怎么能够不怕呢？

　　不只是像前面所说的而已。就是在自己家里空闲的地方；但神明的监察，仍然是非常的厉害，非常的清楚。

　　我虽然把过失遮盖得十分秘密，掩饰得十分巧妙；但是在神明看来，我的肺肝，早被看透，马脚全露出来了。到最后还是没有办法欺骗自己，若是被旁人看破，这个人就一文不值了。又怎么可以不时常存著一颗戒慎恐惧的心呢？

　　这还不只像上面所说的种种呢！一个人只要一口气还在，就算是犯下滔天的罪过，还是可以忏悔改过的。

　　古时候有个人，作了一辈子的恶事；到他快死的时候，忽然悔悟，发了一个很大的善念，就立刻得到好死。

　　这就是说，人若是在紧要关头能够转一个非常痛切又勇猛的善念，便可以把百年所积的罪恶洗干净。譬如千年黑暗的山谷，只要有一盏灯照了进去；光到之处，就可以把千年来的黑暗，完全除去了。所以过失不论长久，或者是新犯的；只要能改，就是了不起。

　　虽然有过失只要改过就好，但是绝对不可以认为犯过可以改，就是常常犯也不要紧，这是万万不可以的。如果是这样，就是有心犯过，罪就更加重了。

　　并且在这个不清净的世间，是幻灭无常的，我们这个血肉之身，是非常容易死的；只要一口气喘不过来，这个身体，就不是我的了；到那个时候就是想要改，也没法子改了。并且人死了后，什么都带不去；只有这个孽，是一定跟去的。

　　因此，明的报应，在阳间你要承担千百年的恶名；虽然你有孝顺的儿子，和可爱的孙子，也不能替你洗清恶名；暗的报应，在阴间，还要千百劫的时间，沉沦在地狱受无量无边的大苦。虽然碰到圣人，贤人，佛菩萨也不能救助你，接引你，这样怎么能不怕呢？

　　第三个方法：要发“一直向前的勇猛心”。

   诸葛长青：勇猛心，是大丈夫心，是勇往直前的信心。

   一个人之所以有了过失还不肯改，都是因为得过且过，不能振作奋发，堕落退后的缘故。

　　要知道若是要改过，一定要起劲用力，当下就改，绝对不能够拖延疑惑，也不可以今天等明天，明天等后天，一直拖下去。小的过失，像尖刺戳在肉里，要赶紧挑掉拔掉。大的过失，像毒蛇咬到手指头一样的厉害，要赶紧切掉手指头，不可有丝毫的犹疑延迟的念头；否则蛇毒在身中散开，人就会死。就像易经中的益卦所讲，风起雷动，万物都生长起来，利益是这样的大。这是比喻人若能够改过迁善，其利益是最大的。

　　【改过要发心呀！改过要发心。发些什么心呀！发些什么心。第一要发那羞耻心，第二要发那敬畏心，第三要发那勇猛心，具备这三种心，便能有过立即改呀！立即改。】

　　一个人改过，如果能具备以上所说的羞耻心，敬畏心，勇猛心这三种心，那么就能有过立刻改了，就像春天的薄冰，碰到太阳光一样，还怕不融化吗？但要改过，有三种方法。一种是从事实上改，一种是从道理上改，一种是从心念上改。

　　因为用这三种不同的功夫，所以得到的效验，也自然不会一样。现在先从事实上改的这一句，来加以说明。

　　譬如前天杀了活的东西，今天起禁止不再杀了。前天发了火骂人，今天起禁止不再发火了。这种就是在事情的本身来改错，禁止不再犯的方法。但是勉强压住，不再犯，比自然而然的改，要难百倍。并且这犯过的病根没有去掉，仍在心里。虽然一时勉强压住，终究还是要露出来的，就像东边把它灭了，西边又会冒出来一样，这究竟不是彻底拔除干净的改过方法。

    诸葛长青：有错误就要立刻发誓改正，要立刻行动，千万不要拖拉延迟。人生改运需要立刻行动。

　　我再把从理上改过的方法加以说明；肯努力改过的人，在他没有禁止做这件事之前，先要明白这事不能做的道理；譬如一个人，所犯的过失在杀生；那么他先应该想到：上天有好生之德，凡是有生命的，都会爱惜生命而且怕死。杀它的生命，来养我的身体，自问心能安吗？而且有些东西，虽已被杀，但是还没有完全死，像鱼和毛蟹之类。

   诸葛长青：人要戒杀放生。千万不要杀生，杀生恶报十分巨大。

  在半死半活的时候放进锅子里烧，这样的痛苦，一直要透到骨髓里；你看罪过不罪过呢？而供养自己，就要用各种贵重的，味道好的东西，摆满了一桌。虽然这样地讲究，但是一经吃过，便成渣滓，什么都没有了。要晓得人吃蔬菜素食素汤等等，也吃得饱啊！何必一定要去伤害生命，造杀生的罪孽，减少自己的福报呢？

　　又想，凡是有血气有生命的东西，都有灵性知觉，既然都有灵性知觉，那么和我都是一样的了，就算是自己不能修到道德极高的地步，使他们都来尊重我，亲近我，像古时候的圣人大舜，还在他种田的时候就有象替他犁田，鸟帮他拔草。又怎能天天伤害生命，使它们与我结仇，恨我到永无尽期呢？能想到这些，那就会面对桌上有血肉，有生命的菜肴，自然觉得伤心而不能下咽了。

   譬如像前天喜欢发怒，应该想到：人各有各的长处，也各有各的短处；碰到他人短处的地方，按照情理，应该要哀怜他的苦恼，原谅他的短处；若是有人不讲道理冒犯了我，那是错在他，与我有什么关系呢？本来就没什么怒可以发的呀！

   诸葛长青：发怒会使人丧失理智。林则徐为了止住自己的发怒，写了“制怒”二字挂在卧室或书房里墙上。生活中，人生忍耐十分重要。

  又想到：天下，绝对没有自以为什么错都没有的英雄豪杰，因为一个人自以为了不起，那是最笨的人。天下也绝对没有怨恨旁人的学问；因为人若是真正有学问，就会更加谦虚；而且能严以责己，宽以待人，那里会怨恨别人呢？所以怨恨别人的人，定无学问。

　　因此，一个人做事处处不能称心，都是因为自己的道德没修好，功德没修满，感动人的心不够呀！应该都要反过来自我反省检讨。自己有没有对不起他人的地方？

　　能够这样的存心用功，那么别人毁谤我，反而变成磨炼我，成就我反面的教育场所了。我应该欢欢喜喜地接受别人给我的教训、批评，还有什么怨恨呢？

　　还有，听到别人说我坏话而能够不生气，尽管坏话说得很厉害，像火光薰天，也不过是像拿火去烧空中，虚空中无物可烧；而火却是终归要熄灭的。若是听到别人说坏话，你就生气；虽然你用尽心思，尽力去辩，结果却像春天的蚕吐丝，把自己束缚住一样；这就是所谓的作茧自缚，自讨苦吃。所以生气不但是无益处，并且还是有害的。　这都是说生气的后果。

　至于其它种种的过失和罪恶，也都应该依道理，细细去想，像上边所说的种种道理能够明白，那就自然而然地不会犯过失了。

   怎样叫做从心上改过呢？人的过失，有千千万万种那么多，都是从心上造出来的，我的心不动，就什么事情都不会造出来，那么过失还会从何处生出来呢？凡是读书人，或是喜欢女色，或是喜欢名声，或是喜欢财物，或是喜欢发火；像这样种种的过失，不必要一类一类的去寻求灭过的方法；只要一心一意地发善心，做善事，正的念头出现在前；那末邪的念头，自然就污染不上了。

     诸葛长青：人生应当时刻关注自己的心。人生的一切，来自于内心的变动。选择善、还是选择恶，决定的命运是善是恶。

　　譬如亮热的太阳当空而照，所有的妖怪，自然会逃避消失了；这就是最精纯而唯一的修心补过的真正诀窍啊！须知道过失全部是由这颗心造的，因此也应该由这颗心上来改；正好像斩除毒树一样，要斩就斩得干净俐落，连根铲除，才不会再长出来；那又何必要一枝一枝的剪，一叶一叶的摘呢？

　　改过最上最高的方法，还是修心。能修心，就可使心立刻清净。因为犯过失，都是心上动了种种坏念头的缘故。能修心，那末坏念头一动，就自己发觉。自己能发觉，就立刻把心停住不动；心不动，那么坏念头便消失，也就不会再犯了。若是再不能够这样，那么一定要明白，所犯过失的理由，把这种犯过的念头去掉。若是再不能够这样，那么只好碰到犯过时，用勉强压住的方法，来禁止不犯。如果用修心的上等功夫，和明白不可犯过的道理，用打发它去的下等功夫，以及碰到犯过用强压方法禁止的下等功夫；这上下两等的功夫，同时用，也不一定就失算呀！若是坚持只用下等功夫，反而把修心的上等功夫忽略不用，那就是最笨不过的了。

　　但是发愿改过，也要有助力；明里头，要有真正的益友在你糊涂的时候时常来提醒你；暗里头，要有鬼神替你证明；（像我把自己所犯的过失，做了篇疏文，上告天地鬼神那样。）还要一心一意的虔诚忏悔，从早到晚，从日到夜，绝不放松；像我这样忏悔经过一个七天，两个七天；直到一个月，两个月，三个月....这样忏悔下去，一定会有效验的！

　　【改过须发愿，也要有助力，明里头，要有益友来提醒呀！来提醒。暗里头，要有鬼神做证明呀！做证明。还要一心一意虔诚的忏悔呀！虔诚的忏悔。】

　　上面所说忏悔过恶的效验是什么呢？譬如你或许觉得精神上很舒服，心中很宽闲；或觉得以往很笨，忽然智慧大开；或是虽然处在烦忙纷乱之际，心中仍清清朗朗，无所不通；或碰到怨家仇人，而能全把恨心火气消除，而心生欢喜；或是在梦里，感觉吐出黑的东西来；这是种种邪念邪思，积成的一种秽气，梦里吐出，那么心地就清净多了。或是梦到古时候的圣贤来提拔我，牵引我，或是梦见自己会飞到虚空中去，逍遥自在；或是梦见各种彩旗以及装饰珍宝的伞盖，这种种少有少见的事情，都是过失消除罪孽灭去的好征兆。但是也不能因为碰到这些好征兆。就自己以为了不起，而阻断了再上进，再努力的途径。

　　从前春秋时代卫国的贤大夫蘧伯玉在二十岁的时候，已经能时时反醒自己过去的过失，加以检讨，完全改掉了。到了二十一岁的时候，又觉得从前所改的过失，并不彻底；到了二十二岁，再回忆二十一岁时，还像在梦中一般，像这样一年一年的过去，一年一年的逐步改过；直到五十岁那年，还觉得过去的四十九年，都是有过失的。古人对于改过的学问讲究就是像这样的。

　　【蘧伯玉呀贤大夫，二十岁时就觉悟，时时反省己过失，年年检讨再检讨；总觉得，自己改过的工夫不彻底呀，不彻底！所以说，改过的学问须讲究呀，须讲究！】

　　我们都是平凡人，过失罪恶，就像刺猬身上的刺一样，聚集了满身都是。而回想过去的事，常常像看不到自己有甚么过失，这实在都是因为粗心，不知道自我反省。又像眼睛上长了翳，看不到自己天天在那里犯过呀！但是，一个人的过失，罪恶深重到了相当的地步，也有证据可以看出来；或者是心思混乱塞住，精神萎靡不振，随便甚么事转头就忘记了；或者是不值得烦恼的事，也常常感觉非常的烦恼；或者是见到品德高尚的君子，便觉得难为情，垂头丧气；或者是听到光明正大的道理，反倒觉得不欢喜；或者是有恩惠给别人，对方不领情反而怨恨你；或者是夜里都做些颠颠倒倒的坏梦，甚至语无伦次失掉平常的模样；像这样种种不正常的现象，都是作孽的表现啊！

　　假使你有上边所说的那种情形，就应该即刻提起精神，奋发向上，把旧的种种过失一齐改掉；而另外开辟一条新的人生大道，希望你千万不可自己耽误自己啊！

   本文参考资料：《了凡四训》白话文（了凡弘法学会整理）

 (This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

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4How to repent: the ritual of repentance and the method of repentance (full version)

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