Folk customs of traditional Chinese culture: see stilts and Yangko again

国学民俗：又见高跷大秧歌

The Chinese nation has many excellent folk cultures to inherit.

-----Zhuge Changqing

Chinese culture is broad and profound.

In Chinese folk culture, Qiao Yangko is an important folk culture.

The cheerful rhythm, happy atmosphere, colorful colors and cheering crowds constitute a picture of human happiness, which makes people happy.

Zhuge Changqing believes that the stilt Yangko is a valuable cultural classic of our Chinese nation and should be preserved and inherited for a long time.

Stilts, also known as Stilts Yangge, is a folk dance of the Han nationality spread throughout the country. It also refers to the sticks used in performing stilts. Stilts are named after stepping on stilts when dancing.

Stilts are generally performed in the form of dance teams. The number of dance teams is different. The dancers mostly play characters from an ancient myth or historical story. The costumes are mostly imitated from opera costumes. The commonly used props include fans, handkerchiefs, wooden sticks, swords and guns. The forms are "stepping on the street" and "putting down the field". There are "big field" where the dance teams dance while walking various formation patterns and "small field" where two or three people perform. Men and women dance together and sing while dancing.

Stilts can also be divided into "Wenqiao" and "Wuqiao". Wenqiao: focuses on twisting and stepping and plot performance; Wuqiao: focus on showing kungfu.

Zhuge Changqing found that stilt activities originated from ancient times. According to the article "Liezi Shuo Fu", "Those who have orchids in the Song Dynasty will see their branches from the branches of the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The Song and Yuan Dynasties will see their branches from the platform. They will believe in their bodies with two long branches, which belong to their shins, and tend to gallop together, and the seven swords will jump in succession. The five swords are often in the air. The Yuan Jun is shocked and gives them gold and silk." From the text, we can see that stilts have been popular among the people as early as the pre-Qin Dynasty.

Also, En Zhuqiao of the Qing Dynasty, in his poem "Ode to the Yangge", also described the stilts recreational activities during the Spring Festival at that time: "The quick feet were even higher than the team, and the false steps promised to be faster than the Cao. Laughing at his groundless stance, he also walked in the world." This poem fully shows that stilts, a folk art, had been widely spread among the people in the Qing Dynasty.

According to folk legend, stilts were originally the art of today's stilts after ancient people tied two long sticks to their legs to collect wild fruits from trees for food.

The earliest characters they played were fisherman, matchmaker, silly childe, second brother, Taoist nun, monk, etc.

With the change of the times, the characters played by stilts are mostly characters in traditional Chinese opera and folk stories, such as Liu Bei, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Kong Ming in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms; Tang Monk, Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie and Sha Monk in Journey to the West; There are also Jigong Monk, Little Immortal and the eight immortals such as Lv Dongbin and He Xiangu in The Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, workers, farmers, soldiers, students, businessmen, and people with the characteristics of the times, such as family planning, were put on stilts. The performer's appearance is funny and humorous. They sang and performed lively. There are also stilts in which the actors carry a small gong with a diameter of seven or eight inches while walking and knocking, which is linked with the step and makes the sound of "single block, single block, single block, single block". The gongs rotate freely in their hands, sometimes throwing and knocking, which is very interesting. So people make up a slip and say, "Stop the traffic, come and hide quickly on stilts, step on you, and buy two or two fruit peels."

There are costumes and props for the stilt Yangko performance. The props are determined according to the characters played by the stilt performers. For example, Sun Wukong wears a monkey suit, wears a tight hooded monk hat, and holds a gold stirrup stick, Zhu Bajie holds a large iron rake in his hand, Jigong monk holds a dust brush or a broken cattail fan, the old woman holds a long-rod dry tobacco bag, and Guan Gong uses a green dragon Yanyue knife in his hand. In short, costumes and props are made according to the characters in the story.

There are also performing formations in stilt yangko. There are a long snake, a zigzag, a double-row duet, cross scissors, snake peeling and other formations.

The action patterns during the performance include bump and turn, back turn, fall fork, jump table and stool, somersault, squat walk, kite turn, and one-leg jump. It can also form a variety of forms of performance, such as two people lift sedan chairs, three people pull cars, group walk overpasses, and pull camels. The stilt performance is highly skilled and difficult, but it can perform beautifully and vividly, funny and humorous, strange and dangerous, and is very popular with the audience.

Stilt Yangko music accompaniment. Zhuge Changqing believes that stilt Yangge music focuses on drums, gongs, bowls, suona, and so on, with a strong sense of rhythm and shock. The music accompaniment of stilts is accompanied by folk gongs and drums. The pace of walking on stilts depends on the speed of the gongs and drums to guide the performance of the stilts team.

Recently, Zhuge Changqing saw the happy rehearsal of the stilts Yangko in a cultural square. The cheerful rhythm attracted many people to watch. amitabha. Blessed life is limitless. Zhuge Changqing prayed that folk culture such as stilts and Yangko would stay in the world.

(Video connection of the rehearsal of the Stilt Yangko: Zhuge Changqing Yangko)

(Zhuge Changqing: This article is based on the stilts network information and the pictures of Tianping.)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of the traditional culture of Chinese sages and sages, is willing to work with like-minded people in the world to "inherit Chinese culture, promote good morality, revitalize China, and benefit the world".

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

中华民族有许多优秀民俗文化需要传承。

----- 诸葛长青

中华文化，博大精深。

在中国民俗文化中，高跷（qiao）大秧歌是重要的民间文化。

欢快的节奏，快乐的氛围，斑斓的色彩，欢呼的人群，构成了一副人间欢乐图画，让人们处于愉悦之中。

诸葛长青认为，高跷大秧歌这是我们中华民族宝贵的文化经典，应当长期保存传承。

高跷，也叫高跷秧歌，是一种流传于全国各地的汉族民间舞蹈，亦指表演高跷时使用的木棍。高跷因舞蹈时脚踩踏木跷而得名。

高跷一般以舞队的形式表演，舞队人数不等，舞者多扮演某个古代神话或历史故事中的人物，服饰多模仿戏曲行头，常用道具有扇子、手绢、木棍、刀枪等，形式有“踩街”和“撂场”两种，撂场有舞队集体边舞边走各种队形图案的“大场”和两三人表演的“小场”，男女对舞，边舞边唱。

高跷也可分为“文跷”和“武跷”，文跷：侧重扭踩和情节表演；武跷：侧重展示功夫。

诸葛长青研究发现，高跷活动源自古代。据《列子·说符》篇记载：“宋有兰子者，以枝干宋元。宋元台而使见其枝。以双枝长信其身，属其胫，并趋并驰，并七剑迭而跃之，五剑常在空中，元君大惊，立赐金帛。”从文中可知，高跷早在先秦已在民间流行。

还有清人恩竹樵在他的《咏秧歌》诗中，对当时春节期间的踩高跷游艺活动也有描述：“捷足居然逐队高，步虚应许快联曹。笑他立脚无根据，也在人间走一遭。”此诗充分说明，高跷这项民间艺术，在清代已广泛在民间流传。

据民间传说高跷这种形式，原来是古代人为了采集树上的野果为食，给自己腿上绑上两根长棍以后逐步演变而成今天的高跷艺术。

高跷秧歌最早它们扮演的人物有渔翁、媒婆、傻公子，小二哥、道姑、和尚等下九流人物。 

随着时代的变迁，高跷扮演的人物多是中国传统戏曲和民间故事里的人物形象，如《三国演义》里的刘备、关羽、张飞和孔明；《西游记》里的唐僧、孙悟空、猪八戒、沙和尚；还有济公和尚、小神仙和《八仙过海》里的吕洞宾、何仙姑等八仙人物形象。

新中国成立后，将工、农、兵、学、商以及表现计划生育等有时代气息的人物搬上高跷。 表演者的扮相很滑稽，幽默。他们边唱边表演，生动活 泼。也有的高跷队，演员手里捧着一个直径七八寸的小 锣边走边敲，与踩步相扣，发出“堵单堵、堵单堵、堵单堵、堵单堵”的锣声。小锣在手上旋转自如，有时边扔边敲，十分有趣。因此人们编顺口溜说“堵单堵，高跷过来快些躲，踩着你，买上二两果丹皮。” 

高跷秧歌表演有服装道具。道具是根据踩高跷表演者所扮演的人物来定的。如孙悟空身着猴服，头戴紧箍僧帽、手持金箍棒，猪八戒手拿大铁耙，济公和尚手持拂尘刷子或破蒲扇，老太婆拿一根长杆旱烟袋，关公手使青龙偃月刀等等。总之，服装与道具是根据故事里的人物而制作。 

高跷秧歌还有表演队形。有一字长蛇、走八字、双排对唱、交叉剪子、蛇脱皮等队形。

表演时的动作花样有碰拐、背拐、跌叉、跳桌凳、翻跟头、蹲走、鹞子翻身、单腿跳，还能组成二人抬轿、三人拉车、群体走天桥、拉骆马它等多种形式的表演。高跷表演的动作技巧性强，难度大，但都能表演的优美生动，趣味幽默，奇特而惊险，很受观众的喜爱。

高跷秧歌音乐伴奏。诸葛长青认为，高跷秧歌音乐，侧重鼓声、锣声、钵声、唢呐声等，声音节奏感强、震撼人心。高跷的音乐伴奏是民间的锣鼓乐队伴奏。踩高跷的步伐，全靠锣鼓乐队的快慢指挥着高跷队的表演。

近日，诸葛长青在一处文化广场，又看到了欢喜的高跷大秧歌彩排，欢快的节奏，吸引了很多群众观看。阿弥陀佛。福生无量天尊。诸葛长青祈愿高跷大秧歌等民俗文化常驻人间。

（高跷大秧歌彩排视频连接：诸葛长青 大秧歌 ）

(诸葛长青：本文图文参考高跷网络资料、天平说事图片）

  诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国圣贤国学传统文化研究传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“传承国学、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

 (This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

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