Buddha's Day: Laba Festival on December 8 of the lunar calendar

佛祖成道日：农历12月8日腊八节

amitabha. The eighth day of December and the eighth day of December in the lunar calendar are the anniversary of the Buddha's path.

----Zhuge Changqing

amitabha.

Blessed life is limitless.

The 8th day of December in the lunar calendar is called Laba Festival.

On Laba Day, people in the world often eat Babao porridge.

Since December is also known as the twelfth lunar month, people often say that they eat Laba porridge.

As a Buddhist cultural festival, Laba Festival is of extraordinary significance.

Why is it particularly important?

Because, December 8 of the lunar calendar is the day when the Buddha Shakyamuni Buddha became a Buddha.

The Laba Festival is to commemorate the Buddha Sakyamuni Buddha's epiphany on December 8 of the lunar calendar.

The purpose of eating Laba porridge is to thank the Buddha for his dedication to becoming a monk and giving his life to all living beings.

Zhuge Changqing believes that those who are destined to learn the traditional Chinese Buddhism culture and practice diligently should reflect, have an epiphany and think about how to learn from the Buddha Sakyamuni Buddha the spirit of refinement, the spirit of Dharma promotion and the spirit of compassion. In this world, we should not only serve ourselves, but also serve the world. We should not only be self-centered, but also self-centered. We should be happy not only for ourselves, but also for the world. We should not only get rid of our troubles, but also all living beings.

Let's briefly understand some stories about Buddha becoming Buddha.

Sakyamuni, founder of Buddhism. Before becoming a Buddha, he was the prince of a king.

Speaking of it, it is similar to Emperor Shunzhi, the son of Emperor Tai Chi of the Qing Dynasty in China (Zhuge Changqing studied history and found that Emperor Shunzhi was also moved by the spirit of Sakyamuni Buddha's sacrifice and became a monk with great compassion).

Sakyamuni Buddha, whose real name is Siddhartha, means "Yicheng" (the old translation of "Yicheng"), surnamed Chodamo (Qu Tan). Because his father was a Sakyamuni, he was honored as Sakyamuni after becoming a Taoist, meaning "Sage of Sakyamuni". Other titles include Buddha (the Awakened One), Blessed One, and Buddha.

According to legend, the Buddha is the famous king of the ancient Indian Vedic era, Ishma King (Yijiu King), that is, the descendant of the Chinese translation of "Sugarcane King", and the prince of Kapila Wei State, belonging to the Chadali caste.

What is the meaning of Chadi's benefit?

Chadili is one of the four castes in ancient India. The landowner. That is, kings, ministers and other races that govern the people and engage in military service, so they are also called "king species". Its power is quite large, and its class is second only to Brahman. It is a class belonging to the royal, noble and noble families, and is engaged in military and political affairs. Shi Zun was born in this class. In modern India, Chadhili represents the professional, ruling and military class. Equivalent to aristocratic origin.

Zhuge Changqing shared the data of the four castes in ancient India with those who were destined.

The first caste: Brahman. The Brahman is mainly in charge of religious offerings, serving as priests at different levels. Some of them also participate in politics and enjoy great political power.

The second Wa caste: Chadili (meaning "power" and "power"). It is developed from the "Rajaraja". Chadili's basic occupation is to act as a warrior. The king generally still belongs to Chadilivana, but Chadilivana is not limited to the king and the royal family. Chadi Li is the level of military and political power.

The third caste: Veche. Veche is mainly engaged in agriculture, animal husbandry and commerce. Some of them have become rich and become usurers. Veche is a civilian, without political privileges, and must provide for Brahman and Sadiri who do not engage in productive labor in the form of charity (donation) and tax payment. However, Veche is also a member of the Aryan clan tribal commune. They can participate in the religious rites of the commune, so they belong to the "rebirth clan" with the right to reincarnation as well as Brahman and Sadiri.

The fourth caste: sudra. The predecessor of sudra varna is dasavana, and sudra is not in the Aryan commune. Most of the Datura are also non-Aryans, including Aryans who have lost their commune membership. Without commune membership, they cannot participate in religious rituals and get a second life (religious life). We lose the right to be protected in politics, law, religion and other aspects. Datura was engaged in agriculture, animal husbandry, fishing, hunting and other occupations that were considered low at that time. Some of them lost their means of production, became hired workers or even slaves. Datura is a person suffering from low status.

Kapirovi is a small town inhabited by the Sakya people. It is located at the foot of the Himalayas, near Tirolak, which is adjacent to India in the southern part of Nepal today. When Faxian visited India in the 4th century, the country was in decline.

The father of the Buddha is the king of Kapilavi, whose name is Shoutu Tuona, the Chinese translation of King Jingfan. The mother's name is Mahaya. It is the eldest daughter of King Shanjue, the city of Heavenly Arms, which is opposite to the city of Kapirovichang across the river.

At the age of forty-four, Mrs. Moyer dreamed that the white elephant was pregnant because of pregnancy. The next year, the delivery period was approaching, so I returned to peace from the customs. When passing through Lumbini Park, take a rest, and the prince, Prince Siddhartha, was born under the carefree tree.

It is said that Prince Siddhartha was born from the right flank of Madame Moya, and immediately after birth, he walked seven steps ("seven steps" means to transcend the six cycles of reincarnation), making a lion roar and saying: "The heaven and the world, only me.".

According to the customs at that time, Mrs. Moya returned to her mother's home and gave birth to the Buddha on the eighth day of April, passing through the Lumbini Garden, which is the place of the Luode Temple in the village of Potoriya in the south of Nepal today.

Mrs. Moya died on the seventh day after the birth of Buddha. The Buddha in his childhood was raised by his aunt Poti. He learned all the knowledge and skills he should have to raise the royal family at that time (that is, Wuming). At the age of 18 (16 and 17 years old), he married Yasudra as his wife and gave birth to his son Rahula.

The aristocratic life of Buddha is rich and comfortable. Volume 29 of the Zhongahan Sutra records that he had three palaces (three time halls) suitable for living in different seasons, including those for keeping out the cold in winter, those for keeping away from the weather, and those for keeping away from dampness in rainy seasons; Dress luxuriously and eat abundantly; Sing and dance in the court, and enjoy it to the fullest.

His father, King Jingfan, also placed high hopes on him, hoping that he could inherit the throne and become the "wheel king" to unify the world. However, Buddha became a monk at the age of 29. The reasons are social and personal. The Buddha lived in an era when the ancient Indian countries were fighting and annexing each other, and the class and national contradictions were very acute. His Sakyamuni nationality was threatened by the power of neighboring countries, and was in precarious condition. He had a premonition of the inevitable end, so he thought that the world was "impermanent". In addition, he also witnessed the old, sick and dead scenes that followed after his own life, and associated himself with the same fate, resulting in the agony of suffering in life. At that time, the thoughts and actions of Brahmanism could not make him obtain the way of spiritual relief, and finally abandoned the throne and became a monk.

When Prince Siddhartha grew up, he wanted to know what the life of ordinary people was like. He went out of the city for an outing. After touring four gates, he saw the tragic situation of life "birth, old age, illness and death", so he left the palace and became a monk. At the age of 25, the prince of Siddhartha gave up the throne to practice at home. He first visited Master Lintian Kuxing, and five years passed before he knew it; During the five years, the prince followed many ascetics to learn the method of monastic practice, but finally found that these monks only wanted to be happy in the heaven! Because the heaven is still in reincarnation and will be bound by birth, old age, disease and death, it cannot be regarded as the true enlightenment of happiness and suffering. So, I went south to the country of Mokyinda to visit the Aralan and Yudraga immortals to learn the method of meditation. However, I still didn't have any help on how to release life and death. I thought, since the truth I want to pursue cannot be achieved from others, why not use my own strength to complete it? So he decided to give up his life of learning and went to the ascetic forest near Mount Gaye alone to begin his ascetic life.

After six years of hard work, the prince gradually understood that the great thing of liberation is not just to use the body to suffer, because the suffering of the body is to stick to the body; If you cannot forget the body, your heart cannot be pure. If your heart is not pure, all filth cannot be eliminated; If the filth cannot be eliminated, how can it go on the road of liberation? So the prince decided to give up his asceticism and go to the bank of the Nilianchan River near the Gaya Mountain, ready to let the clean water wash away the dirt on his body first, and then engage in psychological cleaning.

Because the prince's body was very weak after a long time of asceticism, so when he got up after bathing, he collapsed on the beach of the Nilianchan River due to excessive fatigue. Fortunately, a shepherdess named Nantuo Polo happened to pass by. The shepherdess mixed coarse grains with wild fruits and cooked porridge in clear spring to wake him up.

The prince thus regained his strength. Crossing the Nilianchan River, walking to the side of Gaya Mountain, sitting alone under the bodhi tree, thinking of the way of liberation, and vowing: "If I don't succeed again, I can't get rid of life and death, and reach the state of enlightenment and nirvana, and vow not to leave this seat." Finally, on the 8th of December, I finally subdued the evil army and the evil girl, and saw the stars fully understand at night, When the Buddha became a Buddha under the Bodhi tree, he said: "Amazing, wonderful, all living beings on the earth have the wisdom and virtue of the Tathagata, but they can't be proved by delusion and persistence." And he achieved the supreme and equal enlightenment of Buddha.

Buddha suddenly became a Buddha at the age of 31. During the six years of asceticism, he only ate one hemp and one meter a day.

Later generations will not forget his sufferings and eat porridge on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month every year as a memorial. "Laba" became the "Memorial Day of Buddha's Way".

Laba is a great Buddhist festival. In the past, Buddhist temples around the world held bathing Buddha meetings and chanted sutras. Following the legend of shepherds offering chyle before Sakyamuni became a priest, they cooked porridge with fragrant grain and fruit for Buddha, which is called "Laba porridge". And Laba porridge was given to disciples and faithful men and women, and then it became popular among the people. It is said that before the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month in some monasteries, monks held bowls and made alms along the street, and cooked the collected rice, chestnuts, dates, nuts and other materials into Laba porridge and distributed it to the poor. It is said that after eating it, you can get the blessing of Buddha, so the poor call it "Buddha porridge".

Zhuge Changqing studied the traditional culture and found that there has been a custom of porridge on the Laba Festival in all parts of China since ancient times. Not only do temples, Taoist temples, pharmacies and other places offer porridge, but also many dignitaries and rich families often "offer porridge". Porridge, as a way to do good and accumulate virtue, is also a way to save people. This is a good way to do good. Mei Lanfang's father once set up thousands of liang of silver porridge shops to help the poor, which was widely praised by people. Hu Qingyu Hall, founded by Hu Xueyan, also offers porridge every year. Porridge on the Laba Festival is also an important part of the Chinese culture of virtue.

Lu You in the Southern Song Dynasty said in his poem, "Today's Buddhist porridge is more rewarding than the traditional one. It is said that in the Tianning Temple, a famous temple in Hangzhou, there is a" restaurant for storing leftovers. "Usually, the monks dry the leftovers every day, accumulate a year's surplus grain, and cook them into Laba porridge on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, and distribute them to the believers, which is called" longevity porridge ". "Fude porridge" means that you can increase your happiness and longevity after eating it. It can be seen that the monks at that time cherish the virtue of food.

Laba porridge was cooked with red bean and glutinous rice in ancient times, and then the materials gradually increased. So far, people in the vast areas of Jiangnan, Northeast and Northwest China still retain the custom of eating Laba porridge, which is rare in Guangdong. The materials used are different, and glutinous rice, red beans, dates, chestnuts, peanuts, ginkgo, lotus seeds, and lilies are often used to cook sweet porridge. It can also be cooked with longan, longan and candied fruit. Eating a bowl of steaming Laba porridge in winter is not only delicious and nutritious, but also can increase happiness and longevity.

Laba porridge is also called "seven treasures and five flavors porridge". China has a history of drinking Laba porridge for more than 1000 years. It began in the Song Dynasty. Every Laba day, whether it is the court, the government, the temple or the people's home, Laba porridge is made. In the Qing Dynasty, the custom of drinking Laba porridge was even more prevalent. In the palace, the emperor, queen, prince and so on should give Laba porridge to the ministers of civil and military affairs and the attendants, and distribute rice, fruit and so on to the monasteries for the monks to eat. In the folk, every household should also make Laba porridge to worship their ancestors; At the same time, the family gathered together to eat and give gifts to relatives and friends.

Reference materials for this article: Buddha Shakyamuni Buddha's Daocheng Day, Laba porridge network information

阿弥陀佛。每年农历12月初八腊月初八，是佛祖成道纪念日。

---- 诸葛长青

   阿弥陀佛。

   福生无量天尊。

   每年的农历12月8日，被称为腊八节。

   腊八节这天，世间人们经常吃八宝粥。

   由于12月也称为腊月，人们经常说是吃腊八粥。

   作为佛教文化节日中，腊八节这天意义非同寻常。

   为什么特别重要呢？

   因为，农历12月8日，是佛祖释迦牟尼佛顿悟成佛的日子。

   过腊八节，是为了纪念佛祖释迦牟尼佛于农历12月8日顿悟成道。

   吃腊八粥，是为了感恩佛祖舍身出家、为众生奉献一生的精神。

    诸葛长青认为，学习国学佛教文化、精进修行的有缘者当于此日反思、顿悟、思考如何向佛祖释迦牟尼佛学习精进精神、学习弘法精神、学习慈悲精神。人生在世，不能只为自己，要为天下苍生服务啊。既要自度、更要度人。既要自己幸福，更要世人幸福。既要自己脱离烦恼、更要众生脱离烦恼。

    让我们简要了解一些佛祖释迦牟尼佛成佛的故事。

     释迦牟尼（Sakyamuni），佛教创始人。成佛之前是一位国王的太子。

    说起来，和我们中国清朝皇太极之子顺治皇帝差不多（诸葛长青研究历史发现，顺治皇帝也是被释迦牟尼佛舍身出家精神所感动，用大慈悲精神，舍身出家）。

   释迦牟尼佛，本名悉达多，意为“义成就者”（旧译“义成”），姓乔达摩（瞿昙）。因父为释迦族，成道后被尊称为释迦牟尼，意为“释迦族的圣人”。其他称号有佛陀（觉者）、世尊、释尊等。
   相传佛祖是古印度吠陀时期著名的王族懿师摩王（义鸠王），即汉译“甘蔗王”的后裔，迦毗罗卫国的太子，属刹帝利种姓。

   刹帝利种性是什么意思呢？

   刹帝利是古印度四种姓之一。意译土田主。即国王、大臣等统御民众、从事兵役的种族，所以也称“王种”。其权势颇大，阶级仅次于婆罗门。乃王族、贵族、士族所属之阶级，系从事军事、政治者。释尊即出身此阶级。在现代印度，刹帝利表示职业、统治和军事阶层。相当于贵族出身。 

   诸葛长青把古印度四大种姓资料分享有缘者。

   第一个种姓：婆罗门。婆罗门主要掌管宗教祭把，充任不同层级的祭司。其中一些人也参与政治，享有很大政治权力。
   第二个瓦种姓：刹帝利（是“力”、“权力”的意思）。它是从“罗阇尼亚”发展而来的。刹帝利的基本职业是充当武士。国王一般仍属于刹帝利瓦尔那，但是刹帝利瓦尔那并不限于王和王族。刹帝利是掌握军事和政治大权的等级。
   第三个种姓：吠舍。吠舍主要从事农业、牧业和商业，其中也有人富有起来，成为高利贷者。吠舍是平民，没有政治上的特权，必须以布施（捐赠）和纳税的形式供养完全不从事生产劳动的婆罗门和刹帝利。不过吠舍还是雅利安人氏族部落公社的成员，他们可以参加公社的宗教仪礼，因而和婆罗门、刹帝利同样属于有权利投胎转世的“再生族”。
   第四个种姓：首陀罗。首陀罗瓦尔那的前身是达萨瓦尔那，首陀罗不在雅利安人公社以内。首陀罗的大部也是非雅利安人其中也有失去公社成员身份的雅利安人。由于没有公社成员身份，不能参加宗教礼仪，不能得到第二次生命（宗教生命），首陀罗是非再生族。就失去了在政治、法律、宗教等方面受保护的权利。首陀罗从事农、牧、渔、猎以及当时被认为低贱的各职业，其中有人失去生产资料，沦为雇工，甚至沦为奴隶。首陀罗是地位低下而受苦的人。

   迦毗罗卫是释迦族集居的小城，位于喜马拉雅山脚下，今尼泊尔南意部与印度毗邻的提罗拉科附近，当时是拘萨罗国的属国。在4世纪法显游历印度时，这个国家已日见衰落。

   佛祖的父亲，是迦毗罗卫的国王，名首图驮那，汉译净饭王。母亲名摩诃耶。是与迦毗罗卫场城隔河相对的天臂城善觉王的长女。

   摩耶夫人四十四岁时，梦见白象入胎而有妊。翌年，分娩期近了，乃从俗归宁。途经蓝毗尼园时，稍作休息，即诞生太子—悉达多王子于无忧树下。

   相传悉达多太子是从摩耶夫人的右胁出生的，而且出生后立即步行七步“七步”意指超越六道轮回），作狮子吼道言：“天上天下，唯我独尊。”（此“我”系指与宇宙合而为一之大无我，亦可作佛道解，因顺此方余俗，假名“我”）。

   根据当时的风俗，摩耶夫人回母家分娩，途经蓝毗尼花园，即今尼泊尔南部波陀利耶村的罗美德寺院处，四月初八日生下了佛祖。

   摩耶夫人在佛祖出生后的第七天去世。幼年时代的佛祖是由他的姨母波提养育的。他从小学习当时教养王族应具备的一切学问和技艺（即五明）。18岁（另有16岁、17岁之说）时，娶耶输陀罗为妃，生下儿子罗睺罗。

   佛祖的贵族生活是优裕舒适的。《中阿含经》卷二十九记载他的回忆说，他拥有适合不同季节的居住的三座宫殿（三时殿），有冬天御寒的，处长天避署的，雨季防潮的；衣着华贵，饮食丰盛；歌舞于庭，极尽享受之乐。

   他的父亲净饭王也对他寄予厚望，希望他能继承王位，成为统一天下的“转轮王”。但是，佛祖却在29岁时出家修行。究其原因，有社会的，也有个人的。佛祖所处的时代正是古印度各国之间互相讨伐、并吞，阶级和民族矛盾十分尖锐之际，他所属的释迦族，受到邻国强权的威胁，朝不保夕。他已预感到难免覆灭的结局，因而认为世间“无常”。另外，他又目睹人自有生以后，接踵而来的老、病、死情景，联想到自己也摆脱不了同样的命运，从而产生了人生难脱苦难的烦恼，而当时婆罗门教的思想和行事，又不能使他在精神上获得解脱之道，终于舍弃王位，出家修行。

    悉达多太子长大后，想知道一般老百姓的生活是怎样的情形，是以出城郊游，游了四门后，见到人生“生、老、病、死”的惨状，于是发心离宫出家求道。25岁，悉达多太子放弃王位舍家修行。他首先至苦行林寻师访道，不知不觉就过了五年；在这五年中间，太子先后跟随了很多苦行者学习修道的方法，但最后太子发现，这些修道者所追求的不过是想往生天界的快乐！因为天界仍在轮回内，还会受到生、老、病、死的束缚，不能算是离苦得乐的真实觉道。于是，再南下摩竭陀国拜访了阿罗蓝仙人与郁陀罗迦仙人，学习禅定的方法，然而对于如何解脱生死，仍然没有任何帮助。心想，既然自己想要追求的真理，无法在别人那里如愿求到，那么何不用自己的力量来完成呢？于是他决定放弃参学的生活，独自来到伽耶山附近的苦行林中，开始了苦行的生活。

   经过六年苦修，太子心中渐渐的明白，解脱的大事并不是光用肉体受苦就可以得到，因为苦了肉体反而是执著肉体；不能忘怀肉体，心就无法清净，心不清净，则一切污秽不能消除；污秽如果不能消除，又哪能走上解脱的大道呢？于是太子决定放弃苦行，前往伽耶山附近的尼连禅河畔，准备让清净的流水，先洗去身上的积垢，再从事心理的清洁。

   因为太子的身体经过长时间的苦行后，已非常虚弱了，以致当他浴罢起身的时候，竟因过分的疲劳而倒在尼连禅河的沙滩上。幸而碰上一位叫做难陀波罗的牧羊女正巧路过，牧羊女以杂粮掺以野果，用清泉煮粥将其救醒。

   太子因而恢复了气力。渡过尼连禅河，走到伽耶山旁，独自端坐于菩提树下，思维解脱之道，并誓言：“我若再不成功，无法了脱生死，而到达正觉涅盘的境界，誓不离开此座。”最后于腊月八日，终于降服魔军、魔女，夜睹明星大彻大悟，佛陀在菩提树下成道时说：“奇哉，奇哉，大地众生，皆有如来智能德相，但以妄想执著，不能证得。”而成就无上正等正觉的佛道。 

   佛祖31岁顿悟成佛、在这六年苦行中，每日仅食一麻一米。

   后人不忘他所受的苦难，于每年腊月初八吃粥以做纪念。“腊八”就成了“佛祖成道纪念日”。

   “腊八”是佛教的盛大节日。以前各地佛寺作浴佛会，举行诵经，并效仿释迦牟尼成道前，牧女献乳糜的传说故事，用香谷、果实等煮粥供佛，称“腊八粥”。并将腊八粥赠送给门徒及善男信女们，以后便在民间相沿成俗。据说有的寺院于腊月初八以前由僧人手持钵盂，沿街化缘，将收集来的米、栗、枣、果仁等材料煮成腊八粥散发给穷人。传说吃了以后可以得到佛祖的保佑，所以穷人把它叫做“佛粥”。

   诸葛长青研究传统文化发现，我们各地自古以来就有借助腊八节施粥的习俗。不仅寺庙、道观、药店等施粥，而且很多达官贵人、富贵人家经常“施粥”。施粥，作为行善积德的方法，同时也是救助苍生。这是很好的行善方式。梅兰芳父亲曾经把几千两银子广设粥铺救助贫民，受到人们的广泛赞誉。而胡雪岩创立的胡庆余堂也是每年施粥.....。腊八节施粥，也是中华善德文化的一个重要组成部分。

   南宋陆游诗云：“今朝佛粥更相馈，反觉江村节物新。”据说杭州名刹天宁寺内有储藏剩饭的“栈饭楼”平时寺僧每日把剩饭晒干，积一年的余粮，到腊月初八煮成腊八粥分赠信徒，称为“福寿粥”。“福德粥”意思是说吃了以后可以增福增寿。可见当时各寺僧爱惜粮食之美德。　

   腊八粥在古时是用红小豆、糯米煮成，后来材料逐渐增多。至今我国江南、东北、西北广大地区人民仍保留着吃腊八粥的习俗，广东地区已不多见。所用材料各有不同，多用糯米、红豆、枣子、栗子、花生、白果、莲子、百合等煮成甜粥。也有加入桂圆、龙眼肉、蜜饯等同煮的。冬季吃一碗热气腾腾的腊八粥，既可口有营养，确实能增福增寿。

   腊八粥也腊八粥叫“七宝五味粥”。中国喝腊八粥的历史，已有一千多年。最早开始于宋代。每逢腊八这一天，不论是朝廷、官府、寺院还是黎民百姓家都要做腊八粥。到了清朝，喝腊八粥的风俗更是盛行。在宫廷，皇帝、皇后、皇子等都要向文武大臣、侍从宫女赐腊八粥，并向各个寺院发放米、果等供僧侣食用。在民间，家家户户也要做腊八粥，祭祀祖先；同时，合家团聚在一起食用，馈赠亲朋好友。

    本文参考资料：佛祖释迦牟尼佛成道日、腊八粥网络资料

 (This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

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