Mencius, an outstanding Confucian thinker, is the teacher of emperors and life mentor

Mencius is the proponent of benevolent government and kingly way. His thoughts can be used as a textbook for emperors and life.

------Zhuge Changqing

Confucianism, also known as Confucius and Mencius.

Confucius and Mencius is the combination of Confucius and Mencius.

Zhuge Changqing believed that Confucius and Mencius were the teachers of emperors and life mentors.

People praise Confucius as the most holy and call Mencius the second holy.

When you are bored, you can relax your mood and enlighten your wisdom by reading Confucian books and drawing inferences from one instance.

Mencius (372-289 B.C.), with the name of Ke and the character of Ziyu, Han nationality, Zou people in the Warring States Period, and descendants of the father of Lu Guoqing.

Mencius is one of the most important representatives of Confucianism.

Mencius is a very important part of Chinese Confucianism.

Mencius was a famous thinker, educator and politician in ancient China. He is a representative of Confucianism in the Warring States Period, a fourth generation disciple of Confucius, and a reborn disciple of Zengzi. He inherited and developed the thought of Confucius. Confucius is the supreme saint of Dacheng, and Mencius is called the second saint. Mencius and Confucius are collectively known as Confucius and Mencius, and most people call them "Confucius and Mencius.".

Mencius lost his father at the age of three, and his mother brought him up painstakingly. Her mother was very strict. Her stories such as "Mencius mother moved three times" and "Duanzhu taught her son" have become a beautiful talk for ages, and are a model of motherhood in later generations.

Mencius once imitated Confucius, led his disciples to lobby around the world, and later retired to write with his disciples. There are seven chapters in Mencius that have been handed down from generation to generation. The starting point of its theory is the theory of good nature. It puts forward "benevolent government" and "kingly way", and advocates the rule of virtue.

Mencius's articles are eloquent, vigorous and good at argumentation, logical and sharp, and represent the peak of traditional prose writing. Mencius put forward the theory of good nature on human nature, that is, "human nature is good at the beginning."

Since the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, it has been regarded as a book handed down from family to family. Just like today's textbook. Mencius is the largest and heaviest of the four books, with more than 35000 words. From then on until the end of the Qing Dynasty, the "four books" have been the compulsory content of the imperial examination. The theory of Mencius is not only pure and broad, but also vigorous and beautiful. (Four books: The University, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius, Mencius; Five books: The Book of Songs, The Book of Commerce, The Book of Rites, The Book of Changes, The Spring and Autumn Annals).

"Mencius" is one of the classics of Confucianism, with its magnificent writing, full of emotion, eloquence and appeal.

Mencius' thoughts are mainly divided into political philosophy, that is, benevolence, and philosophy of life, that is, good nature.

1、 Mencius advocated moral ethics: benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom.

Zhuge Changqing: Mencius summarized moral norms into four categories, namely benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom. He believes that life is inherently kind.

Mencius summarized moral norms into four categories, namely benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom.

He believes that "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom" are things that people are born with, not from the external world that exists objectively. At the same time, human relations can be summarized into five categories, namely, "father and son have relatives, monarch and minister have righteousness, husband and wife have differences, grow up and young in order, and friends have faith".

Mencius believed that among the four, benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom, benevolence and righteousness are the most important. The basis of benevolence and righteousness is filial piety and fraternity, which are the basic moral norms for dealing with the blood relationship between father and son and brother. He believed that if every member of society dealt with the relationship between people with benevolence and justice, the stability of social order and the unity of the world would be achieved.

Confucianism advocates "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and trust" and "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and trust", which is the "five constancy" of Confucianism. So, how did benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and trust develop? Zhuge Changqing's research found that the idea of "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and trust" was put forward in three steps. Many experts in China have studied this, and Zhuge Changqing shares these achievements with those who are destined for it.

The first step: Confucius proposed "benevolence, righteousness and courtesy";

The second step: Mencius extended to "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom";

The third step: Dong Zhongshu expanded to "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith", and later called the "Five Constants".

These "Five Constants" run through the development of Chinese ethics and become the most core factor in China's value system.

Confucius once called "wisdom, benevolence and courage" the "three virtues", and also formed a system of "benevolence, righteousness and propriety", saying, "benevolence is the greatest for people (love); righteousness is the best for people (love); respect for virtue is the greatest for people who are righteous; kill by virtue, respect for virtue and so on, what is born of propriety." Benevolence takes love as the core, righteousness takes respect for virtue as the core, and propriety is the specific regulation of benevolence and righteousness.

Mencius added "wisdom" in addition to benevolence, righteousness and propriety to form four virtues or four ends, saying: "the truth of benevolence is true to be close (close); the truth of righteousness is also true to be close to brother (elder); the truth of propriety is also true to be polite; the truth of wisdom is that the two cannot be separated (deviated)."

Dong Zhongshu also added "faith" and said that benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and trust are the constant principles ("the constant way") that are consistent with the nature and the earth, and called "normal". Said: "The five principles of benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom, and trust" ("Strategies for Virtue and Virtue").

What is benevolence?

Benevolent people are two. It means to be harmonious with another person.

Benevolence is easy. Don't think about yourself, put yourself in others' shoes, think about others, and do things for yourself, that is, benevolence.

Confucianism values benevolence, benevolence and love. In short, love is kindness.

What is righteousness?

The meaning of the ancient Chinese characters is "I" with the word "beauty" at the top and "I" at the bottom, which means to use my dedication to achieve the beauty of others. When people need it, it is righteous to help them once or twice.

For those who are righteous, add a little. It is righteousness to help others when they are in trouble.

What is ceremony?

Those who are courteous will show others their songs. He who bends down is tall, and he is polite to others. Therefore, to respect others is to be polite.

In ancient times, people are like crooked grain. Only the ears full of grain can bend their heads. The essence of ceremony is music.

What is wisdom?

A wise man knows everyday things. It is called wisdom if you have thoroughly figured out the things in ordinary life.

Look at a leaf and know the autumn. People who are not far away from the road do this.

What is faith?

Those who believe, people speak. In ancient times, there was no paper, and experience and skills were taught by words and deeds. At that time, people were pure and simple, not so much fussy, so they were real and reliable.

People's understanding of the world around them, which is exchanged with life or blood, will suffer if they don't believe it. It is estimated that those who believe in it are actually human words, which are summarized by human beings from general experience, and will not deceive people. Reliable guarantee.

2、 Mencius' philosophy of life: the theory of good nature

Zhuge Changqing: Mencius believes that human nature is inherently good, which is the same as Buddhism believes that everyone has Buddha nature. So we should vigorously promote Confucianism. Let Confucianism spread all over the world.

Pre-Qin Confucianism paid great attention to the issue of good and evil of human nature. In the history of Chinese theory of human nature, Mencius was the first to put forward the theory of good nature. He believes that human nature is good, just like water flowing down the river, which is an indisputable fact. Mencius believed that all human beings are born with the most basic common natural talent, which is "good nature" or "unbearable heart", or compassion and compassion for others.

For example, when people suddenly see a child falling into the well ("at first sight, a child will fall into the well"), they will feel frightened and sympathetic.

Zhuge Changqing: Everyone has compassion and caring for others. The reason why there are good and evil is that they are caused by such crimes as killing, stealing, lusting and drinking,

This kind of compassion is not to please the child's parents, nor to gain a good reputation among local friends, nor to hate the reputation of dying, but is completely derived from human nature, which is "unbearable heart".

The "unbearable heart" is also called "compassion". In addition, there are "feelings of shame", "feelings of resignation" and "feelings of right and wrong". These four kinds of mind (also called "four ends" or "four virtues") are the basis for Mencius to discuss the goodness of human nature. Mencius believed that the difference between humans and animals was very small, only because humans had these "hearts". Without these "hearts", we cannot be regarded as human beings. In his view, if he is not good for others, it is not a matter of nature, but because he has abandoned his nature and has not kept it well, he can never say that he has no such "good" nature.

Therefore, if people have bad thoughts and behaviors, they should close their minds and check whether they have given up those gifted "hearts" and try to find them back to restore human nature. This is what Mencius said, "seeking reassurance". Later generations called it "complex nature". If you reflect on yourself and everything is in line with the moral concept of talent, that is the greatest happiness. This is what Mencius said, "reflection and sincerity are the greatest joy.".

Mencius' theory of good nature has a great impact on traditional thought. The first sentence of the Three-character Classic, which spread after the Song Dynasty, is "human nature is good at the beginning." The theory of good nature has also become the orthodox concept of later Confucianism.

3、 Mencius' people-oriented thought: put the people first.

Zhuge Changqing: No matter where and when, the emperor leaders should put the people first, and the general manager of the enterprise should put employee etiquette first. Only in this way will the country be peaceful and the people secure and develop for a long time. Love the people as children, the country is peaceful and the people are safe; Love soldiers like children, iron army team.

"The people are most important, the state is second, and the monarch is light."

It means that the people come first, the country comes second, and the king comes last. Mencius believed that the monarch should take care of the people first, and that the governor should protect the rights of the people. This is Mencius' people-oriented thought (some people think Mencius is the pioneer of democracy). Mencius believed that to gain political power, we should have the heart of loving the people and legal means. Moreover, the political power also depends on public opinion. If the superior's virtue and conduct are not accepted by the people, the superior will lose the qualification to continue to govern. Mencius also quoted the Shangshu Taishi article: "Heaven regards itself as the people, and heaven listens to me as the people" to warn people that you should pay attention to the people's hearts.

4、 Mencius's Way of Leadership: Benevolence and Kingship

Zhuge Changqing: Mencius advocated the kingly way, and advocated benefiting the common people, the environment and all things. In this way, the country will be peaceful and the people will be safe. "We are young, we are young, we are old and we are old", from loving our family to loving our people, is benevolent governance. Zhuge Changqing believed that the heads of state, corporate president leaders, and leaders of team organizations should carefully understand and learn Mencius' ideas of benevolence and kingcraft.

Zhuge Changqing found that Mencius was also an epiphany, so he repeatedly emphasized benevolence.

Mencius pointed out that "the emperor is not benevolent and does not protect the world; the princes are not benevolent and do not protect the country; the ministers and officials are not benevolent and do not protect the temple; the scholars and the commoners are not benevolent and do not protect the four bodies". People in today's society should think deeply and reflect. Have you been benevolent to the world, and have you been benevolent?

Mencius advocated that the monarch should carry out benevolent policies and inherit the theory of benevolence. Mencius believed that "people have a heart that can't tolerate people" is a "government that can't tolerate people". As long as the monarch popularizes his benevolence, the so-called "young and young, old and old", from loving his family to loving the people, is a benevolent policy.

The specific measure to implement benevolent government is to follow the "kingly way", to make the people rich and happy, that is, "protect the people and the king", the people naturally support the monarch, and the country naturally rich, strong and stable.

Mencius believed that this is the most ideal politics. If the rulers implement benevolent policies, they can get the heartfelt support of the people; The specific content of benevolent government is very broad, including economy, politics, education and the way to unify the world, among which there is a clue of people-oriented thought.

The core of Mencius' political thought is "benevolent government", which is the inheritance and development of Confucius' "benevolent theory".

Confucius' "benevolence" is a very broad ethical concept, and its most basic spirit is "love". Starting from Confucius' "benevolence" thought, Mencius expanded it into a policy program including ideological, political, economic, cultural and other aspects, namely "benevolence".

The basic spirit of "benevolent government" is also to have deep sympathy and love for the people.

Mencius believed that the rulers could gain the heartfelt support of the people in the world by implementing benevolent policies, so that they could be invincible in the world.

Ren, according to Mencius, is "human heart". What is benevolence? According to Mencius, it can be summarized as follows:

First, be close to the people. Mencius advocated that rulers should "share with the people" and "share happiness with the people".

Second, use virtue. "Those who win people for the world are called benevolence." ("Duke Teng Wen Shang") "Honor the wise and use their abilities, and the handsome are on the throne." ("Gongsun Chou") "The wise are on the throne, and the capable are on the job; understand their politics and punishment."

Third, respect human rights. Mencius publicly publicized the slogans of "the people are precious" and "the king is light", and advocated to reconcile the relationship between the ruler and the working people in a certain range.

Fourth, compassion. The rulers were asked to rule the people by means of "the old and the old, the young and the young". He believed that this would be welcomed and supported by the people, so as to achieve "invincible in the world".

Fifth, killing those who have no way is also benevolence, and is the greatest benevolence. Mencius called for a solemn condemnation of all tyrants and corrupt officials who had succeeded in destroying the people, and tried to develop the real society to the political track of "protecting the people and the king".

5、 Excerpts from Mencius' famous sayings and sentences

Zhuge Changqing: Mencius' thought is broad and profound, including the way of heaven and earth, the way of emperors, and the way of life. It is worth studying and applying. Mencius's famous sayings and sentences are more like the lights of the night, indicating the way forward, like the bell in the night, waking up people's confused and agitated hearts. Look at Mencius' famous words, which is an inspiration and reflection on life.

1. Therefore, when heaven is going to impose a great responsibility on people, they must first work hard on their minds, work hard on their bones and muscles, starve their body and skin, empty their bodies, and disorderly their actions. Therefore, they are motivated and patient, which has benefited them.

2. Those who win the Tao will help more, while those who lose the Tao will help less.

3. Power, then and weight; Degree, and then know the length.

4. If you are poor, you will be alone. If you are rich, you will help the world.

5. Those who love others will always love them; Those who respect others will always respect them.

6. The people are most important, the state is second, and the monarch is light.

7. Although there are things that are easy to be born in the world, they will be violent in one day and cold in ten days, but no one can survive.

8. I am old, and I am old, and I am young, and I am young.

9. Those who advance, their retreat speed.

10. Born in sorrow, die in peace.

11. The official of the heart is thinking, thinking is getting, not thinking is not also.

12. Rich and noble can't be lewd, poor and humble can't be moved, and powerful can't be subdued. This is called big husband.

13. Mencius's famous words and sentences were born in distress and died in peace.

14. Only benevolent people should be in high positions. To be unkind and high is to sow evil in the public.

15. The emperor is not benevolent and does not protect the world; The princes are not benevolent and do not protect the country; The officials are not benevolent and do not protect the temple; Scholars and commoners are inhumane and do not protect their four bodies.

16. If you regard your subjects as your hands and feet, your subjects will regard you as your heart; If you regard your subjects as dogs and horses, then your subjects will regard you as countrymen; If you treat your subjects like dirt, then your subjects will treat you like enemies.

17. The king is benevolent and invincible.

18. It is better to have no books than to believe all books.

19. No rules, no square. Opportunities vouchsafed by Heaven are less important than terrestrial advantages, which in turn are less important than the unity among people.

(Picture and text data of this article: network map, Mencius network research data, Zhuge Changqing Confucian thought research data)

amitabha. Blessed life is limitless. Confucius, the supreme teacher of Dacheng.

Don't do any evil, and do all good. Persistence and responsiveness.

Zhuge Changqing wishes all the people who are destined to respect their parents and do good deeds and accumulate virtue rich and auspicious!

儒家杰出思想家孟子：帝王之师、人生导师
孟子，是仁政、王道的提出者，他的思想可以作为帝王、人生的教材。

------ 诸葛长青

   儒家思想，又称孔孟思想。

    孔孟思想，就是孔子和孟子思想的合称。

   诸葛长青认为，孔子、孟子是帝王之师、人生导师。

   人们赞叹孔子为至圣，称呼孟子为亚圣。

   烦躁烦闷时候读读儒家书籍，举一反三，可以放松心情，开悟智慧。

   孟子（前372年－前289年），名轲，字子舆,汉族，战国时期邹国人，鲁国庆父后裔。
　 孟子是儒家最主要的代表人物之一。
　　在中国儒家思想中，孟子思想是非常重要的部分。

   孟子是中国古代著名思想家、教育家、政治家。他是战国时期儒家的代表人物，属孔子第四代弟子，是曾子的再传弟子。他继承并发扬了孔子的思想。孔子是大成至圣，孟子被称为亚圣。孟子与孔子合称孔孟其道，多数人称为“孔孟之道”。
　　孟子三岁丧父，孟母艰辛地将他抚养成人，孟母管束甚严，其“孟母三迁”、“断杼教子”等故事，成为千古美谈，是后世母教之典范。

　　孟子曾仿效孔子，带领门徒游说各国,后退隐与弟子一起著述。有《孟子》七篇传世，其学说出发点为性善论，提出“仁政”、“王道”，主张德治。
　　孟子的文章说理畅达，气势充沛并长于论辩，逻辑严密，尖锐机智，代表着传统散文写作最高峰。孟子在人性问题上提出性善论，即“人之初，性本善。”
　　自从宋、元、明、清以来，都把它当做家传户诵的书。就像今天的教科书一样。《孟子》是四书中篇幅最大的部头最重的一本，有三万五千多字，从此直到清末，“四书”一直是科举必考内容。《孟子》这部书的理论，不但纯粹宏博，文章也极雄健优美。（四书：《大学》、《中庸》、《论语》、《孟子》；五经：《诗经》、《尚书》、《礼记》、《易经》、《春秋》）。
　　《孟子》行文气势磅礴，感情充沛，雄辩滔滔，极富感染力，流传后世，影响深远，成为儒家经典著作之一。
　　孟子思想主要分为政治哲学，即仁爱，以及人生哲学，即性善。
   一、孟子主张道德伦理：仁、义、礼、智。
　　诸葛长青：孟子把道德规范概括为四种，即仁、义、礼、智。认为人生本来就有善心善意。
   孟子把道德规范概括为四种，即仁、义、礼、智。

   他认为“仁、义、礼、智”是人们与生俱来的东西，不是从客观存在着的外部世界所取得的。同时把人伦关系概括为五种，即“父子有亲，君臣有义，夫妇有别，长幼有序，朋友有信”。

   孟子认为，仁、义、礼、智四者之中，仁、义最为重要。仁、义的基础是孝、悌，而孝、悌是处理父子和兄弟血缘关系的基本的道德规范。他认为如果每个社会成员都用仁义来处理各种人与人的关系，社会秩序的稳定和天下的统一就有了。

   儒家思想主张“仁义礼智信”，“仁义礼智信”，为儒家“五常”。那么，仁义礼智信是如何发展来的呢？诸葛长青研究发现，“仁义礼智信”思想的提出，分为三个步骤完善起来的。我国很多专家对此进行了研究，诸葛长青把这些成果和有缘者分享。   

   第一步骤：孔子提出“仁、义、礼”；

   第二步骤：孟子延伸为“仁、义、礼、智”；

   第三步骤：董仲舒扩充为“仁、义、礼、智、信”，后称“五常”。

   这“五常”贯穿于中华伦理的发展中，成为中国价值体系中的最核心因素。
　　孔子曾将“智仁勇”称为“三达德”，又将“仁义礼”组成一个系统，曰：“仁者人（爱人）也，亲亲为大；义者宜也，尊贤为大；亲亲之杀，尊贤之等，礼所生焉。” 仁以爱人为核心，义以尊贤为核心，礼就是对仁和义的具体规定。
　　孟子在仁义礼之外加入“智”，构成四德或四端，曰：“仁之实事亲（亲亲）是也；义之实从兄（尊长）是也；礼之实节文斯二者是也；智之实，知斯二者弗去（背离）是也。”
　　董仲舒又加入“信”，并将仁义礼智信说成是与天地长久的经常法则（“常道”），号“正常”。曰：“仁义礼智信五常之道”（《贤良对策》）。
　 何谓仁？
　　仁者，人二也。指在与另一个人相处时，能做到融洽和谐，即为仁。
　　仁者，易也。凡事不能光想着自己，多设身处地为别人着想，为别人考虑，做事为人为己，即为仁。
　　儒家重仁，仁者，爱人也。简言之，能爱人即为仁。
　　何谓义？
　　义古字写法，的义，上面“美”字头，下面有个“我”，含义是用我的奉献，成就别人之美。在人家需要时，及时出手，帮人家一两下，即为义。
义者，人字出头，加一点。在别人有难时出手出头，帮人一把，即为义。
　何谓礼？
　　礼者，示人以曲也。己弯腰则人高，对他人即为有礼。因此敬人即为礼。
　　古之礼，示人如弯曲的谷物也。只有结满谷物的谷穗才会弯下头，礼之精要在于曲。
　　何谓智？
　　智者，知道日常的东西也。把平时生活中的东西琢磨透了，就叫智。
　　观一叶而知秋，道不远人即为此。
　　何谓信？
　　信者，人言也。远古时没有纸，经验技能均靠言传身教。那时的人纯真朴素，没有那么多花花肠子，故而真实可靠。
　　别人用生命或鲜血换来的对周围世界的认识，不信是要吃亏的。以此估计，信者，实为人类之言，是人类从普遍经验中总结出来的东西，当然不会骗人。可靠保证。

    二、孟子人生哲学：性善论

   诸葛长青：孟子认为人性本善，这和佛教认为人人都有佛性是一样的。所以我们要大力弘扬儒家思想。让儒家思想遍布天下。
　　先秦儒家对于人性善恶问题给予了极大的关注。在中国人性论史上，第一个提出性善论的是孟子。他认为，人性是善的，就像水往低处流一样，这是一个不争的事实。孟子认为，人生来都有最基本的共同的天赋本性，这就是“性善”或“不忍人之心”，或者说对别人的怜悯之心、同情心。

   他举例说，人突然看到小孩要掉到井里去(“乍见孺子将入于井”)，都会有惊惧和同情的心理。

   诸葛长青：人人都有恻隐之心呢，都有关心别人的心。之所以有善恶，是因为杀盗妄淫酒等罪业、业障所致，

   这种同情心，并不是为了讨好这小孩子的父母，也不是要在乡亲朋友中获得好名声，也不是厌恶见死不救的名声，而完全是从人天生的本性中发出来的，这就是“不忍人之心”。
　　“不忍人之心”也叫“恻隐之心”。此外还有“羞恶之心”、“辞让之心”、“是非之心”。这四种心﹙也叫“四端”或“四德”﹚，就是孟子论述人性本善的根据。孟子认为，人与禽兽的差别很微小，仅仅在于人有这些“心”。如果没有这些“心”，就不能算作是人。在他看来，如果为人而不善，那不是本性的问题，而是由于舍弃了本性，没有很好地保持住它，绝不能说他本来就没有这些“善”的本性。

   因此，人如果有了不善的思想和行为，就应闭门思过，检查自己是否放弃了那些天赋的“心”，努力把这些“心”找回来，以恢复人的本性。这就是孟子所说的“求其放心”，后世称为“复性”。如果反省自己，一切都合乎天赋的道德观念，那就是最大的快乐，这就是孟子所说的“反身而诚，乐莫大焉”。
　　孟子的性善论对传统思想影响很大，宋代以后流传的《三字经》第一句话就是“人之初，性本善。”性善论也成为后来儒家的正统观念。
   三、孟子民本思想：把人民排在第一位。

   诸葛长青：不论何时何地，帝王领袖都要把人民放在第一位，企业总经理都要把员工礼仪放在第一位。这样才会国泰民安、长久发展。爱民如子，国泰民安；爱兵如子，铁军团队。
  “民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻。”

   意思是说，人民放在第一位，国家其次，君在最后。孟子认为君主应以爱护人民为先，为政者要保障人民权利，这就是孟子的民本思想(部份人以为孟子是民主的先驱)。孟子认为取得政权要有爱民之心，还要有合法的手段。而且政权还要有取决于民意，若上位者的德行和为政不为百姓所接受，那上位者就要丧失继续执政的资格了。孟子并引用尚书太誓篇的：“天视自我民视，天听自我民听”告诫人君重视民心。
     四、孟子的领袖之道：仁政与王道
　　诸葛长青：孟子主张王道，主张造福苍生、泽及万物。如此则必然国泰民安。“幼吾幼以及人之幼，老吾老以及人之老”，由爱护自己的家人，到爱护国民，就是仁政。诸葛长青认为，国家元首、企业总裁领袖、各团队组织领导者，都要仔细领悟学习孟子的仁政、王道思想。
    诸葛长青研究发现，孟子实际上也是顿悟天道，所以反复强调仁。

    孟子指出，“天子不仁，不保四海；诸侯不仁，不保社稷；卿大夫不仁，不保宗庙；士庶人不仁，不保四体”。今日社会之人要深入思考反省。是否做到了仁爱天下，是否做到了仁爱之心？

   孟子主张君主行仁政，承接性善论，孟子认为“人有不忍人之心”，乃有“不忍人之政”，君主只要将自己的仁德推广，所谓“幼吾幼以及人之幼，老吾老以及人之老”，由爱护自己的家人，到爱护国民，就是仁政。
　　推行仁政的具体措施是行“王道”，要使人民富足，百姓安乐，即“保民而王”，人民自然拥戴君主，国家自然富强安定。
　　孟子认为，这是一种最理想的政治，如果统治者实行仁政，可以得到人民的衷心拥护；仁政的具体内容很广泛，包括经济、政治、教育以及统一天下的途径等，其中贯穿着一条民本思想的线索。
　　孟子政治思想的核心是“仁政”，“仁政”学说是对孔子“仁学”思想的继承和发展。

   孔子的“仁”是一种含义极广的伦理道德观念，其最基本的精神就是“爱人”。孟子从孔子的“仁学”思想出发，把它扩充发展成包括思想、政治、经济、文化等各个方面的施政纲领，就是“仁政”。

  “仁政”的基本精神也是对人民有深切的同情和爱心。
   孟子认为统治者实行仁政，可以得到天下人民的衷心拥护，这样便可以无敌于天下。
　　仁，据孟子解释，就是“人心”。怎样才算是仁呢？根据《孟子》一书可以概括为：

   第一、亲民。孟子主张统治者要“与百姓同之”，“与民同乐”。

   第二、用贤良。“为天下得人者谓之仁。”（《滕文公上》）“尊贤使能，俊杰在位。”（《公孙丑》上）“贤者在位，能者在职；明其政刑。”

   第三、尊人权。孟子公开宣扬“民为贵”、“君为轻”的口号，提倡在一定的范围调和统治者和劳动人民的关系。

   第四、同情心。要求统治者拿“老吾老以及人之老，幼吾幼以及人之幼”推恩办法来治民。认为这样做便能得到人民的欢迎和拥护，从而达到“无敌于天下”。

   第五、杀无道之者，也是仁，而且是最大的仁。孟子要求对一切残民以逞的暴君污吏进行严正的谴责，力图把现实的社会发展到“保民而王”的政治轨道上来。

    五、孟子名言名句摘录

    诸葛长青：孟子思想，博大精深，包含了天地之道、帝王之道、人生之道，值得学习研究、实践运用。孟子的名言名句，更有如黑夜明灯，给人指明前进方向，仿佛黑夜里的钟声，敲醒了人们迷茫烦躁的心。多看看孟子名言，对人生是一个启迪和思考。

    1、故天将降大任于斯人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能。

    2、得道者多助，失道者寡助。

    3、权，然后和轻重；度，然后知长短。

    4、穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下。

    5、爱人者，人恒爱之；敬人者，人恒敬之。

    6、民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻。

    7、虽有天下易生之物，一日暴之，十日寒之，未有能生者也。

    8、老吾老，以及人之老，幼吾幼，以及人之幼。

    9、其进锐者，其退速。

    10、生于忧患，死于安乐。

    11、心之官则思，思则得之，不思则不得也。

    12、富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈，此之谓大丈夫。

    13、孟子名言名句生于忧患而死于安乐也。

    14、惟仁者宜在高位。不仁而在高位，是播其恶于众也。

    15、天子不仁，不保四海；诸侯不仁，不保社稷；卿大夫不仁，不保宗庙；士庶人不仁，不保四体。

    16、君之视臣如手足，则臣视君如腹心；君之视臣如犬马，则臣视君如国人；君之视臣如土芥，则臣视君如寇仇。

    17、国君好仁，天下无敌焉。

    18、尽信书，则不如无书。

    19、不以规矩，不成方圆。天时不如地利，地利不如人和。

      （本文图文资料：网络图、孟子网络研究资料、诸葛长青儒家思想研究资料）

阿弥陀佛。福生无量天尊。大成至圣先师孔子。

诸恶莫作，众善奉行。持之以恒、有求必应。       

(This article is an original article by Zhuge Changqing, and the pictures are selected from the Internet. Welcome to forward it, and please indicate the source for forwarding)

Introduction to Zhuge Changqing: Zhuge Changqing, the inheritor and promoter of traditional Chinese culture, is willing to "learn from sages, promote virtue, revitalize China and benefit the world" together with people with the same ideals in the world.

(Zhuge Changqing: zhuge8031@163.com ）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

Zhuge Changqing's Chinese Dream

Learn from sages and carry forward virtue

Revitalizing China for the benefit of the world

 （本文是诸葛长青原创文章，图片选自网络。欢迎转发，转发引用请注明出处）

诸葛长青简介：诸葛长青，中国国学传统文化传承弘扬者，愿与天下志同道合者一起“学习圣贤、弘扬善德、振兴中华、造福世界”。

（诸葛长青：zhuge8031@163.com）

Zhuge Changqing mailbox：

zhuge8031@163.com

  诸葛长青中国梦  

学习圣贤 弘扬善德

振兴中华 造福世界

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